Dunli Liu

Optical emission generated from silicon under dual-wavelength femtosecond double-pulse laser irradiation.

In femtosecond double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, collinear double-pulse performance is investigated experimentally using various laser wavelength combinations of 800 nm and 400 nm Ti: sapphire lasers. The induced plasma emission line collected by BK7 lenses is the Si (I) at 390.55 nm. The double-pulse time separation ranges from -300 ps to 300 ps. The line intensity is dependent on the time separation of the dual-wavelength femtosecond double-pulse, and its behavior is unlike that of single-wavelength femtosecond double-pulses. Optical emission intensity can be enhanced by selecting appropriate time separation between sub-pulses. This result is particularly advantageous in the context of femtosecond laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy.

Enhancement of laser-induced Fe plasma spectroscopy with dual-wavelength femtosecond double-pulse

In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a study of Fe plasma using collinear dual-wavelength femtosecond double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) with a fundamental wavelength (800 nm) and a second harmonic wavelength (400 nm) from Ti:sapphire laser. By varying the time separation of the dual-wavelength femtosecond double-pulse, the experimental results clearly show the signal enhancement up to a factor of 10 and more than 10 times, in comparison with it at 0 ps time separation. The electron temperature and electron density are analyzed as the basic parameters of plasma properties, and they are respectively based on the theory of Boltzmann plot and Stark broadening. It proves that dual-wavelength femtosecond double-pulse LIBS is excellent for enhancing the emission intensity of the signal.

Persistence of atomic spectral line on laser-induced Cu plasma with spatial confinement

This paper carries out the spatial confinement effect on laser-induced Cu breakdown spectroscopy in a cylindrical cavity via a nanosecond pulsed Q-switch Nd:YAG laser operating at a wavelength of 1064 nm. The temporal evolution of the laser-induced plasma spectroscopy is used to investigate the characteristics of spectral persistence. The atomic spectral persistence in plasma generated from Cu with spatial confinement is experimentally demonstrated, where the results indicate that the diameter of the confinement cavity plays a very important role in the persistence of an excited neutral Cu emission line, while the depth of the confinement cavity is almost independent of Cu (I) line persistence. As the diameter of the confinement cavity increases, the persistence of the Cu (I) line in the plasma grows longer under a certain limit. The likely reason for this phenomenon is that under spatial confinement, the reflected shockwave compresses the plasma and leads to an increase in the plasma temperature and dens...

Angular distribution of plasma luminescence emission during filamentation in air

We experimentally measure the angular distribution of plasma luminescence emission during the filamentation of linearly polarized femtosecond laser pulses. It is found that the luminescence from N2 shares the same intensity in all directions, while that from N2+ is more intense in the direction parallel to that of the laser polarization. The isotropic emission behavior of luminescence from N2 illustrates that the formation of excited N2(C3Πu+) does not result from the dissociative recombination; on the other hand, the linear increase of the strength of 337 nm signal with pressure indicates that the collision plays a negligible role, excluding the collision assisted intersystem crossing scheme. However, the intersystem crossing does not rely on the collision, making it a possible scheme. This study will be helpful to the understanding of mechanism of plasma luminescence emission during femtosecond filamentation.

Filamentation induced by collinear femtosecond double pulses with different wavelengths in air

Filamentation induced by collinear femtosecond double pulses with different wavelengths (400 nm + 800 nm) in air is investigated by measuring the filament spectra along the propagation axis. By changing their energies and the time delay between them, the role of each pulse in the filamentation is investigated. Though the two pulses do not overlap in time, the filament generated by the previous pulse will interact with the latter one, thus affecting the filamentation process. Each pulse plays a different role when the time delay and input energy are different: As the energy of the 800 nm pulse is relative high (∼600 μJ), the 400 nm pulse has inhibitory and supplementary effects on the filament generated by the 800 nm one as it is prior to and behind the 800 nm one, respectively, which ultimately influences the filament length and strength; however, as energy of the 800 nm pulse decreases to 340 μJ, the filament mainly results from the 400 nm pulse and the 800 nm one just plays an auxiliary role. This study provides an effective way to control filamentation.

Revisiting the mechanism of nitrogen fluorescence emission induced by femtosecond filament in air

The backward propagating and side emitted fluorescence during the femtosecond filamentation in air is experimentally investigated in this paper. By comparing the fluorescence emission in the circular and linear polarization states, we find that in the shorter focal length case, the direct ionization of N 2 greatly affects the fluorescence emission behaviors: the fluorescence from N 2 + and N 2 is always stronger in the linear and circular polarization cases, respectively. Based on the observation, the emission mechanism of nitrogen fluorescence emission induced by a femtosecond filament is discussed.

Ultrafast time-resolved spectroscopy of white-light continuum by optical Kerr grating

We have optimized a femtosecond time-resolved system by the optical Kerr-gate (OKG) method to investigate characteristics of various Kerr media. Optical Kerr gating is widely used in ultrafast measurements ranging from pulse characterization to spectroscopy and microscopy. We compared the efficiencies and the temporal responses of three Kerr media CS2, benzene and GGG. We have demonstrated that benzene has fast response and low efficiency while CS2 has high efficiency and slow response. Benzene as a Kerr medium shows the most befitting characteristics in the three media.