Laizhi Sui

Near‐Infrared Photoluminescent Polymer–Carbon Nanodots with Two‐Photon Fluorescence

Near-infrared-emissive polymer-carbon nanodots (PCNDs) are fabricated by a newly developed facile, high-output strategy. The PCNDs emit at a wavelength of 710 nm with a quantum yield of 26.28%, which is promising for deep biological imaging and luminescent devices. Moreover, the PCNDs possess two-photon fluorescence; in vivo bioimaging and red-light-emitting diodes based on these PCNDs are demonstrated.

Piezochromic Carbon Dots with Two‐photon Fluorescence

Piezochromic materials, which show color changes resulting from mechanical grinding or external pressure, can be used as mechanosensors, indicators of mechano-history, security papers, optoelectronic devices, and data storage systems. A class of piezochromic materials with unprecedented two-photon absorptive and yellow emissive carbon dots (CDs) was developed for the first time. Applied pressure from 0-22.84 GPa caused a noticeable color change in the luminescence of yellow emissive CDs, shifting from yellow (557 nm) to blue-green (491 nm). Moreover, first-principles calculations support transformation of the sp2 domains into sp3 -hybridized domains under high pressure. The structured CDs generated were captured by quenching the high-pressure phase to ambient conditions, thus greatly increasing the choice of materials available for a variety of applications.

Thermal analysis of double-layer metal films during femtosecond laser heating

In this paper, the primary interest is the heat effect of the bottom-layer metal on the temperature distribution of the top-layer metal in a double-layer metal structure during femtosecond laser irradiation. The evolution of the surface electron and lattice temperature depends a lot on the thermal parameters of the substrate. The damage threshold can be increased by using a substrate material with high electron–lattice coupling factor. Next, we choose chrome as the bottom-layer material. The results of modeling show that the surface lattice temperature of top-layer gold can be reduced remarkably. For a fixed entire thickness of the double-layer film, there is an optimal proportion of top and bottom layers for which the damage threshold is the highest possible. Also, for increasing the damage threshold, a substrate with higher melting temperature should be chosen.

Engineering triangular carbon quantum dots with unprecedented narrow bandwidth emission for multicolored LEDs

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have emerged as promising materials for optoelectronic applications on account of carbon’s intrinsic merits of high stability, low cost, and environment-friendliness. However, the CQDs usually give broad emission with full width at half maximum exceeding 80 nm, which fundamentally limit their display applications. Here we demonstrate multicolored narrow bandwidth emission (full width at half maximum of 30 nm) from triangular CQDs with a quantum yield up to 54–72%. Detailed structural and optical characterizations together with theoretical calculations reveal that the molecular purity and crystalline perfection of the triangular CQDs are key to the high color-purity. Moreover, multicolored light-emitting diodes based on these CQDs display good stability, high color-purity, and high-performance with maximum luminance of 1882–4762 cd m−2 and current efficiency of 1.22–5.11 cd A−1. This work will set the stage for developing next-generation high-performance CQDs-based light-emitting diodes.Carbon quantum dots have promising advantages such as high stability, low cost and environment-friendliness, but their broad emission band limits their application in displays. Here Yuan et al. synthesize these dots showing tunable emission color, high fluorescence and a narrow FWHM of only 30 nanometers.

Optical emission generated from silicon under dual-wavelength femtosecond double-pulse laser irradiation.

In femtosecond double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, collinear double-pulse performance is investigated experimentally using various laser wavelength combinations of 800 nm and 400 nm Ti: sapphire lasers. The induced plasma emission line collected by BK7 lenses is the Si (I) at 390.55 nm. The double-pulse time separation ranges from -300 ps to 300 ps. The line intensity is dependent on the time separation of the dual-wavelength femtosecond double-pulse, and its behavior is unlike that of single-wavelength femtosecond double-pulses. Optical emission intensity can be enhanced by selecting appropriate time separation between sub-pulses. This result is particularly advantageous in the context of femtosecond laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy.

Enhancement of laser-induced Fe plasma spectroscopy with dual-wavelength femtosecond double-pulse

In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a study of Fe plasma using collinear dual-wavelength femtosecond double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) with a fundamental wavelength (800 nm) and a second harmonic wavelength (400 nm) from Ti:sapphire laser. By varying the time separation of the dual-wavelength femtosecond double-pulse, the experimental results clearly show the signal enhancement up to a factor of 10 and more than 10 times, in comparison with it at 0 ps time separation. The electron temperature and electron density are analyzed as the basic parameters of plasma properties, and they are respectively based on the theory of Boltzmann plot and Stark broadening. It proves that dual-wavelength femtosecond double-pulse LIBS is excellent for enhancing the emission intensity of the signal.

Persistence of atomic spectral line on laser-induced Cu plasma with spatial confinement

This paper carries out the spatial confinement effect on laser-induced Cu breakdown spectroscopy in a cylindrical cavity via a nanosecond pulsed Q-switch Nd:YAG laser operating at a wavelength of 1064 nm. The temporal evolution of the laser-induced plasma spectroscopy is used to investigate the characteristics of spectral persistence. The atomic spectral persistence in plasma generated from Cu with spatial confinement is experimentally demonstrated, where the results indicate that the diameter of the confinement cavity plays a very important role in the persistence of an excited neutral Cu emission line, while the depth of the confinement cavity is almost independent of Cu (I) line persistence. As the diameter of the confinement cavity increases, the persistence of the Cu (I) line in the plasma grows longer under a certain limit. The likely reason for this phenomenon is that under spatial confinement, the reflected shockwave compresses the plasma and leads to an increase in the plasma temperature and dens...

Temperature effect on femtosecond laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of glass sample

In this study, we observed the evolution of the spectral emission intensity of a glass sample with the increase of sample temperature, laser energy, and delay time in femtosecond laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (fs-LIBS). In the experiment, the sample was uniformly heated from 22 °C to 200 °C, the laser energy was changed from 0.3 mJ to 1.8 mJ, and the delay time was adjusted from 0.6 μs to 3.0 μs. The results indicated that increasing the sample temperature could enhance the emission intensity and reduce the limits of detection, which is attributed to the increase in the ablated mass and the plasma temperature. And the spectral intensity increases with the increase of the laser energy and the delay time, however, the spectral line intensity no longer increases when the laser pulse energy and delay time reach a certain value. This study will lead to a further improvement in the applications of fs-LIBS.

Two sequential enhancements of laser-induced Cu plasma with cylindrical cavity confinement

This study was conducted to investigate spatial confinement effects in laser-induced Cu plasma via optical emission spectroscopy. Two sequential enhancement events of Cu atomic emission lines were observed. This phenomenon was attributed to the compressed plasma by the reflected shockwave facilitating a highly condensed plasma core area with high plasma temperature and a dense population of excited atoms.

Influence of distance between focusing lens and target surface on laser-induced Cu plasma temperature

In this study, the influence of distance between the focusing lens and target surface on the plasma temperature of copper induced by a Nd:YAG laser was investigated in the atmosphere. The plasma temperature was calculated by using the Cu (I) lines (510.55 nm, 515.32 nm, and 521.82 nm). The Cu (I) lines were recorded under different lens-to-sample distances and laser pulse energies (15.8 mJ, 27.0 mJ, 43.4 mJ, 59.2 mJ, and 76.8 mJ). The results indicated that the plasma temperature depended strongly on the distance between the focusing lens and target surface. With the increase in the distance, the plasma temperature firstly rose, and then dropped. This could be attributed to the interaction between the tailing of the nanosecond laser pulse and the front portion of the plasma plume, the plasma shielding effect, and the expanding of the plasma. In addition, there was an interesting phenomenon that the plasma temperature and the emission intensity were not completely consistent with the change of the lens-to-...