Edivaldo Aparecido Nunes Martins

Avaliação de constituintes séricos em eqüinos e muares submetidos à prova de resistência de 76km, no Pantanal do Mato Grosso, Brasil

The alterations in serum concentrations of sodium, potassium, ionized calcium, urea, creatinine, glucose, creatine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were studied in fifteen equines and five mules, participating in a 76km, 2-day long endurance competition, in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso State - Brazil. The blood samples were collected in the first day, before the beginning of the competition (T1); at the end of the first day, after covering 38km (T2); the second day, before the beginning of the ride (T3); and at the closure of the competition (T4). In the horses a decrease was observed in serum concentration of sodium and LDH in T4 with a return to basal values in T4. Potassium and calcium presented a decrease in concentration in T2. There was an increase of serum concentration of urea and creatinine in T2 and of glucose in T3. The serum values of CK and AST remained similar to T1. In the mules, the serum concentrations of sodium, calcium, urea, glucose and LDH presented a profile similar to the equines, while potassium, creatinine, CK and AST remained near T1 values. A difference was not observed between equines and mules serum biochemistry. It can be concluded that the studied endurance race did not impose duration and/or intensity above the physiological conditions of the participating animals.

Patellar instability following experimental medial patellar desmotomy in horses.

A controlled study was designed in order to evaluate the effects of medial patellar desmotomy (MPD), combined with exercise restriction, on clinically and radiographically normal femoropatellar joints, and to identify the patellar instability by radiographic examination. MPD was performed on the right hind limb and the horses were rested for 120 days. Both hind limbs were radiographed before surgery and at 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 days after MPD, obtaining lateromedial, flexed lateromedial, caudocranial and cranioproximal-craniodistal (skyline) views. The femorotibial and femoropatellar angles were assessed on the lateromedial views, and the distance between the medial and lateral cortex of the femur, and the distance between the medial cortex of the femur and the lateral border of the patella were evaluated in the caudocranial views. An increase in the angle between the proximal articular surface of the patella and the cranial distal surface of the femur along with enthesophyte formation and lateral deviation of the patella were found on the radiographs of the right stifles after MPD. Therefore, MPD leads to patellar instability, which can be demonstrated by the radiographic changes. The 120 days rest did not prevent the lesions caused by postsurgical patellar instability.

GESSO SINTÉTICO E PINOS TRANSCORTICAIS NA REDUÇÃO DE FRATURA DE TÍBIA EM UMA BEZERRA

SUMMARYA case of tibial fracture in a 7-month-old calf isreported, with closed comminuted diaphysial fracture. It has beengiven preference to external fixation as means of fractureimmobilization, and transcortical pins and fiberglass cast havebeen used. Effective immobilization of the fracture and fastrecovering of the animal as well as less time consuming towardthe postoperative have been obtained. This technique has showedfeasible to be done in the field. Key words: bovine, fracture, external fixation, tibia. INTRODUCAOAs fraturas em bovinos ocorrem com re-lativa frequencia, traduzindo em perdas economicassignificativas tanto para pecuaria leiteira como paraa destinada ao corte. O valor economico do animal eo principal ponto a ser analisado, quando se trata deanimais de producao, e, na maioria das vezes, opta-se pela eutanasia devido aos elevados custos impli-cados na reducao de fraturas e manejo das mesmas.Levantamentos de dados de univer-sidades norte-americanas demonstraram que asfraturas de tibia sao responsaveis por 12% do totaldas fraturas, sendo indicado o uso do gesso desde aarticulacao femur-tibio-patelar ate o casco, aparelhomodificado de Thomas, combinacoes de aparelhomodificado de Thomas com tala de gesso, pinos detransfixacao, transfixacao com pino e gesso sinteticoe placas ortopedicas (ADAMS & FESSLER., 1983;ADAMS, 1985; DENNY et al., 1988).O uso da tecnica de fixacao externa da ti-bia depende da configuracao da fratura, da injuria dotecido mole e da presenca de fraturas expostas(ADAMS, 1985; ANDERSON et al., 1994). Temsido aplicada com sucesso em ossos longos de bovi-nos, ovinos, caprinos, lhamas como citado porANDERSON & SAINT-JEAN (1996) e em peque-nos animais (VERSCHOOTEN et al., 1972).O uso da tecnica de fixacao externa comgesso sintetico e pinos transcorticais tem merecidodestaque dentre os metodos convencionais de imo-

Líquido sinovial da articulação femuropatelar após desmotomia patelar medial experimental em eqüinos

Medial patellar desmotomy (MPD) is a common treatment for upward fixation of the patella (UFP). It is easy to perform, and in most cases results are immediate. However, joint changes after MPD have been described. The purpose of this study is to use synovial fluid evaluate the effects of MPD in horses subjected to restricted exercis in the first 120 days postoperatively. Eight sounds adult horses, weighing from 350 to 480kg, were used in the study. The selected animals had no history of lesions in the femuropatellar joint and did not demonstrate lameness on physical examination or after hind limb flexion tests. Right medial patellar desmotomy was performed on each horse. The synovial fluid was obtained by arthrocentesis during the selection phase and after surgery on days 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120. Synovial fluid color, viscosity, total protein, and nucleated cell count and diferential leukocyte count was analysed. The poor viscosity on day 30 was the highest significative change from synovial fluid on the horses subject to medial patelar desmotomy and maintened in rest for 120 days.

Emprego de membrana de quitosana em feridas cutâneas induzidas experimentalmente em equinos

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of chitosan film on wound repair in horse distal limb. Skin wounds were induced on metacarpus and metatarsus region of four adults horses. On treat group, eight wounds were covered with chitosan film and on control group sodium chlorid 0.9% was used. During the experimental period, it was evaluated the wound diameter, exuberant granulation tissue formation, kind of exudat, histological analyzes, and some characteristics of the chitosan film (plasticity during handling and presence or absence of film on each change). The chitosan film had not interfered on healing time, might serving to cover skin wounds, with potential advantages, if it is used as a conductive of substances that interfere positively in the healing process, opening a field to news studies.