Edson Luiz de Azambuja Ribeiro

Cinética ruminal da fração fibrosa de volumosos para ruminantes

Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram a caracterizacao e a determinacao das estimativas dos parâmetros relativos a cinetica de degradacao ruminal da fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) dos fenos de mata pasto, juazeiro, mororo, aveia e Tifton 85 e silagens de milho, sorgo e palma forrageira. Foram determinados a composicao quimico-bromatologica, os coeficientes de degradacao e o efeito de replecao ruminal da FDN. As caracteristicas quimico-bromatologicas dos alimentos avaliados apresentaram variacoes em seus componentes nutricionais. A fracao insoluvel potencialmente degradavel da FDN, correspondente a fracao B2 dos alimentos estudados, apresentou degradacao variavel. Os fenos de mata pasto, juazeiro e mororo apresentaram menores valores para a fracao potencialmente degradavel. As silagens de milho e sorgo apresentaram uma pequena variacao para a fracao potencialmente degradavel e para a fracao indigestivel, assim como, para a taxa de degradacao da FDN potencialmente digestivel. O maior tempo de retencao total foi observado para mata pasto, juazeiro e mororo, seguidos pelas silagens, sendo constatados para os fenos de aveia e Tifton 85 os menores valores para esta variavel. As forrageiras de regioes semiaridas avaliadas (mata pasto, juazeiro e mororo) podem limitar o consumo de materia seca devido aos menores valores da fracao potencialmente degradavel e maiores valores da fracao indigestivel. O efeito de replecao ruminal da FDN e determinado pela integracao de varias caracteristicas da fibra. Dessa maneira, nao se pode atribuir a toda e qualquer fonte de fibra as mesmas inferencias restritivas a limitacao fisica de consumo.

Desempenho de novilhos de corte em pastos de capim-tanzânia sob quatro alturas de desfolha

This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of four grazing heights under continuous stocking of Tanzânia grass (Panicum maximum Jacq. Cv. Tanzânia) on the stocking rate, performance and beef production per hectare. The experimental area was 12 hectares, divided into paddocks with one hectare each, with three replicates each (20, 40, 60 and 80 cm). There were three male Nellore bovines per paddock, adding animals as needed to adjust the desired heights in a completely randomized design. The stocking rate had a negative linear function of grazing heights in all seasons regarding yield per hectare, while the average daily gain showed opposite behavior. Apparently, Tanzânia grass heights between 40 and 60cm under continuous stocking enable good average daily weight gain in beef cattle, and high yield per hectare.

Consumo, digestibilidade e balanço de nitrogênio em ovinos alimentados com rações contendo torta de Crambe

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of using crambe cake in diets for sheep on intake and digestibility. The experimental design was a 4x4 Latin square with four animals, four periods and four treatments. The treatments were diets with 30% sorghum silage and 70% crambe cake (30:70) and a diet with 70% sorghum silage and 30% crambe cake (70:30) in lambs under the voluntary and controlled intake. The animals who fed a diet with a 30:70 ratio consumed more dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE) per kg/day, %BW/day and g/kgPV0,75. The ration provided higher digestibility of DM and NDF. The animals in the voluntary regime presented higher consumption of DM, CP, EE per kg/day, %BW/day and g/kgPV0,75. The cake crambe presented digestibility coefficient higher than sorghum silage, regardless of the regime intake. The 30:70 ration presented a difference in N intake and N absorbed. The cake crambe has high nutrient digestibility and acceptance by animals when associated with sorghum silage.

Desempenho, consumo e morfometria in vivo de cordeiros Santa Inês alimentados com rações contendo torta de girassol em substituição ao farelo de algodão

This study was conducted with the aim to determine the optimal level of protein replacement of cottonseed meal protein by sunflower cake in diets for Santa Ines lambs, through the evaluation of consumption, weight gain, feed conversion and morphometric measurements. Thirty Santa Ines lambs, bulls, with age and weight at the beginning of the experiment of 80 days and 21.45±2.16kg, respectively, were confined for 60 days. A completely randomized experimental design was used, where the animals were divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates per treatment. For the treatments, the protein from the cottonseed meal was replaced by the protein of the sunflower cake (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80% of substitutions). For morphometric determinations, the following measurements were taken: pre-slaughter body length, leg length, leg perimeter, height of the dorsum; hip height; chest girth, hip width and chest width. Final weight, dry matter intake and feed conversion were not affected by the experimental diets, although the average daily gain was lower for diets with higher content of sunflower cake. For consumption parameters, there was a difference only in the consumption of ether extract in relation to metabolic weight (g/kg PV 0, 75), where lambs receiving diets with higher levels of sunflower cake ingested larger amounts of ether extract. Regarding the morphometric measurements, there was a linear decrease of the height of the dorsum and hip width with the inclusion of sunflower cake in the diet. The replacement of cottonseed meal protein by sunflower cake protein negatively affected the weight gain of Santa Ines lambs. However, it affected little or nothing the parameters of consumption and in vivo morphometric measurements.

Comportamento ingestivo e parâmetros sanguíneos em ovinos que receberam dietas contendo aditivos à base de extratos de própolis em pó

RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos do extrato de propolis (LLOSC2) sobre o comportamento ingestivo e os parâmetros sanguineos em cordeiros alimentados com dieta concentrada. Foram utilizados quatro cordeiros machos, castrados, sem raca definida e com peso medio inicial de 32±1,92kg, mantidos em gaiolas metabolicas individuais durante todo o periodo experimental. O delineamento experimental foi em quadrado latino 4x4, com quatro animais, quatro dietas e quatro periodos experimentais. As dietas diferiram em relacao a adicao ou nao de extratos de propolis a racao. As dietas testadas diferiam na adicao de zero (controle), 1(88,16mg/g de flavonoides), duas (176,32mg/g de flavonoides) ou tres (264,48mg/g de flavonoides) doses de aditivo a base de extrato de propolis LLOSC2. A dieta tinha relacao volumoso:concentrado de 40:60 e foi formulada para ganhos de 250g. A racao concentrada era composta de milho e farelo de soja. O comportamento ingestivo dos animais foi observado por 24 horas, divididas em quatro periodos de seis horas. As coletas de sangue eram realizadas no ultimo dia do periodo. Nao houve efeito das doses LLOSC2 sobre o tempo despendido em alimentacao, ruminacao, ocio e ingestao de agua. A duracao do ciclo ruminativo foi maior nos animais que receberam duas doses de LLOSC2, e o numero de movimentos mastigatorios tambem tendeu a aumentar no periodo que compreendia das 13 as 19h. Ja a dieta contendo uma dose de LLOSC2 aumentou a duracao da ruminacao do bolo bem como o seu numero total de mastigacoes no periodo de uma a sete horas. Houve uma diminuicao nos niveis sericos de cortisol com a adicao de tres doses de LLOSC2. O hemograma, o leucograma, o perfil bioquimico e as imunoglobulinas nao foram afetados pela inclusao das doses de LLSOC2. A administracao de extrato de propolis LLOSC2 a dieta de ovinos nao afetou seu comportamento ingestivo, os parâmetros hematologicos, bioquimicos e imunologicos estudados. Palavras-chave: cortisol, parâmetros hematologicos, parâmetros imunologicos, perfil bioquimico, ruminacao ABSTRACT

Residual frying oil in the diets of sheep: intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance and ruminal parameters

Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the intake and nutrient digestibility, nitrogen balance and ruminal ammonia nitrogen in lambs of diets containing different levels of residual frying oil. Methods Levels of 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 g/kg dry matter (DM) base of residual frying oil in the diets of lambs were evaluated. Five castrated lambs with initial body weights of 36.8±3.3 kg, distributed in a Latin square (5×5) design, were used. Results There was a decreasing linear effect on the intake of DM, organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), total carbohydrates (TCH), and nonfibrous carbohydrates (NFC). There was an increased linear intake of ether extract (EE). The apparent digestibility of DM, OM, CP, NDF, TCH, and NFC, as well as urine nitrogen excretion, nitrogen balance and ruminal parameters, were not influenced by different levels of residual frying oil in the diet. EE digestibility presented a crescent linear effect. Conclusion It can be concluded that the addition of residual frying oil to the diets of sheep can affect nutrient intake without affecting the digestibility of most nutrients (with the exception of EE), nitrogen balance and ruminal ammonia nitrogen concentration.

Parâmetros nutricionais e padrões nictemeral do comportamento ingestivo de cordeiros Somalis Brasileira alimentados com diferentes níveis de energia metabolizável

The study was conducted to determine the intake, nutrient digestibility and ingestive behavior of Brazilian Somali lambs fed different levels of metabolizable energy (ME). Forty non-castrated Brazilian Somali lambs with average weight of 13.47±1.76kg were used. The animals were assigned to a randomized block design with eight replications per block and five diets with increasing metabolizable energy (1.18, 2.07, 2.25, 2.42 and 2.69 Mcal/kg DM). The quadratic effect (P<0.05) of the ME level was determined for DM, CP, NDF and FC (g/day) and DM (g/kg0,75) and NDF(%PC and g/kg0,75) intake, as well as the digestibility coefficients (P<0.05) for CP, NDF and CF. A linear effect (P<0.05) was observed for digestibility of DM, OM and NFC with the increase of ME in the diet. Eating and idle results (hours/day) were influenced by the energy levels (P<0.05) and efficiencies of feeding and rumination (g NDF/h) showed a quadratic effect (P<0.05). It is concluded that the increase of ME levels in the diet influences intatke, nutrient digestibility and ingestive behavior of Brazilian Somali lambs.