Elena I. Ivanova

Unwed motherhood in Russia

Unregistered marriages are becoming increasingly frequent in Russia. Such marriages (cohabitation, free unions) have always existed, but in recent decades they have become more frequent and in many Western countries are now a statistically significant alternative to the official family based on a registered marriage. According to the Russian microcensus of 1994, 6.5 percent of men and 6.7 percent of women were living together without registration and regarded themselves as married. The prevalence of unregistered marriages among the adult population of Russia is approximately the same as the rate in the United States1 in 1993 or in Great Britain, France, and the Netherlands in the mid-1980s—distinctly lower than the rate, even then, in Sweden (20 percent) or Norway and Finland (11 percent each) but higher than in Italy (1 percent), Germany (5 percent), Austria (4 percent), and Hungary (3 percent).2

New bryophyte records. 10

Софронова Е.В. (ред.), О.М. Афонина, С.М. Азнабаева, Э.З. Баишева, А.Н. Берсанова, А.Г. Безгодов, Е.А. Боровичев, М.А. Бойчук, Е.В. Чемерис, Г.Я. Дорошина, М.В. Дулин, А.П. Дьяченко, В.Э. Федосов, И.В. Филиппов, Э.В. Гарин, О.Г. Гришуткин, М.С. Игнатов, Е.А. Игнатова, Е.И. Иванова, М.А. Колесникова, Т.И. Коротеева, Г.М. Кукуричкин, С.А. Кутенков, Е.Ю. Кузьмина, Е.Д. Лапшина, О.В. Лавриненко, А.И. Максимов, К.О. Печенкина, Д.А. Филиппов, О.Ю. Писаренко, Н.Н. Попова, Ю.М. Сергеева, Е.А. Щипанова, Г.С. Таран, В.В. Телеганова, Д.А. Захарченко Sofronova, E.V. (ed.), O.M. Afonina, S.M. Aznabaeva, E.Z. Baisheva, A.N. Bersanova, A.G. Bezgodov, E.A. Borovichev, M.A. Boychuk, E.V. Chemeris, G.Ya. Doroshina, M.V. Dulin, A.P. Dyachenko, V.E. Fedosov, I.V. Filippov, E.V. Garin, O.G. Grishutkin, M.S. Ignatov, E.A. Ignatova, E.I. Ivanova, M.A. Kolesnikova, T.I. Koroteeva, G.M. Kukurichkin, S.A. Kutenkov, E.Yu. Kuzmina, E.D. Lapshina, O.V. Lavrinenko, A.I. Maksimov, K.O. Pechenkina, D.A. Philippov, O.Yu. Pisarenko, N.N. Popova, Yu.M. Sergeeva, E.A. Shchipanova, G.S. Taran, V.V. Teleganova, D.A. Zakharchenko