Elif Öztürk

Effects of organic conditioner applications on soil loss under simulated rainfall conditioner

This study was conducted to determine effects of farmyard manure, rice husk and municipal waste compost on soil loss caused by runoff in two different soil groups under greenhouse conditions. Soils used in the study were classified as Lithic Ustorthent and Typic Calciustept located in Minöz Basin of Samsun province. Organic conditioners were applied to the soils of basin according to dry weight basis at four different doses (0, 2, 4 and 6 %) under greenhouse conditions. Experiment was planned in a randomized factorial plot design with two replications. After a 12-week incubation period, 15 % slope was given to erosion pans and 55 mm h -1 and 70 mm h artificial rainfall intensities were applied for one hour and soil loss values caused by runoff were measured. At the end of the experiment, it was determined that organic conditioners applied to the soils reduced soil losses. Municipal waste compost was determined to be more effective than rice husk compost and farmyard manure in reducing soil losses occurred in runoff pans. Effectiveness of organic conditioners showed differences depend on application doses and the lowest soil loss in each obtained at the maximum dose. The results suggest that using organic conditioners in the agricultural fields reduces soil degradation and loss. Organik düzenleyici uygulamalarının yapay yağış koşulları altında toprak kaybı üzerine etkileriBu calisma sera kosullarinda iki farkli toprak grubunda celtik kavuzu kompostu, ahir gubresi ve cop kompostu uygulamalarinin yuzey akisla meydana gelen toprak kayiplari uzerine etkilerini belirlemek uzere yurutulmustur. Bu amacla calismada Samsun ili sinirlari icerisinde bulunan Minoz Havzasi’nda yayilim gosteren Lithic Ustorthent ve Typic Calciustept olarak siniflandirilan topraklar kullanilmistir. Bozulmus toprak orneklerine (8 mm’den kucuk agregatlar) organik duzenleyiciler kuru agirlik esasina gore farkli dozlarda (% 0, 2, 4 ve 6) uygulanarak simulasyon unitesi altinda ve sera kosullarinda uygulamalar yapilmistir. Denemeler tesaduf parselleri deneme deseninde, faktoriyel duzende ve iki tekrarlamali olarak yurutulmustur. 12 haftalik inkubasyon periyodunun ardindan erozyon tavalarina % 15 egim verilerek 55 mm h -1 ve 70 mm h -1 intensiteli yapay yagislar 1 saat sure ile uygulanmis ve yuzey akisla kaybolan toprak miktari olculmustur. Deneme sonucunda topraklara uygulanan organik duzenleyicilerin toprak kayiplarini azalttigi belirlenmistir. Erozyon ve yuzey akis miktarlarini azaltmada cop kompostu, celtik kavuzu kompostu ve ahir gubresine oranla daha etkili olarak belirlenmistir. Organik duzenleyicilerin etkinlikleri uygulama dozlarina bagli olarak farkliliklar gostermistir ve en dusuk kayiplar max doz uygulamalarindan elde edilmistir. Sonuclara gore, celtik kavuzu kompostu, cop kompostu ve organik duzenleyicilerin tarimsal alanlarda toprak bozulmasini ve kaybini azalttigi gerekcesiyle kullanimi onerilmektedir.

The Effect of Bio-solid and Tea Waste Applications on Erosion Ratio Index of Eroded Soils

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of organic wastes such as bio-solid (BS) and tea waste (TW) on erosion ratio index (ER) of eroded soils in different levels (slight, moderate and severe). Soil samples used in this research were taken from surface soil (0–20 cm depth) located on agricultural land of Samsun province in the northern part of Turkey. These soil samples were treated with organic residues at four different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6% basis w/w) and each treatment was replicated three times in a split block design. All pot mixtures were incubated for 4 weeks under greenhouse conditions and later tomato plants were grown in all pots. When plant growth was in its 14th week, the experiment was ended. After greenhouse work, changes in ER values of eroded soils were determined. It was determined that the BS and TW treatments dramatically decreased ER values of the eroded soils compared to the control treatment. Statistical test results showed that erosion level (p <0.001), type of residue (p <0.01) and the application dose (p <0.001) caused the changes of the ER values.