Ely Simone Cajueiro Gurgel

Morfologia de plântulas de Leguminosae e o potencial sistemático

As investigacoes sobre a morfologia de plântulas, antes do surgimento dos metafilos, tem demonstrado rico potencial para estudos sistematicos, inclusive testando a monofilia de generos de Leguminosae. Alem disso, proporcionam a descoberta de estruturas transitorias, basais ou derivadas, que podem estabelecer conexoes nem sempre ocorrentes no individuo adulto. A natureza dos cotiledones, de reserva ou foliaceos, e uma das principais caracteristicas das leguminosae. O tipo de germinacao constitui um dos caracteres mais relevantes para diferenciar suas especies, assim como a forma do limbo, da margem, do apice, posicao dos eofilos, presenca ou ausencia de latex ou resina, relacao comprimento/largura dos cotiledones, tamanho e numero de pinas, peciolo alado ou nao, que permitem caracterizar familias, generos e ate mesmo especies. Em Leguminosae, a morfologia de plântulas corrobora a identificacao das plantas no campo e ainda fornece subsidios para delimitacoes genericas e infragenericas na familia. De uma maneira geral as plântulas de Caesalpinioideae e Mimosoideae sao epigeas, com cotiledones foliaceos; em Papilionoideae predominam plântulas hipogeas com cotiledones de reserva e extremamente variadas em termos morfologicos, principalmente nas tribos com especies lenhosas.

Estudo taxonômico do gênero Abuta (Menispermaceae) no Estado do Pará, Brasil

Abuta is a genus taxonomically complex due overlapping of morphological character variation. This study deals with the taxonomic treatment of the Abuta genus in the Para state. The study includes the analysis of botanical material originated from new collections and specimens from the herbaria Museum Goeldi (MG), Agronomic Institute of the North (IAN), National Institute for Research in the Amazon (INPA), Rio de Janeiro Botanic Garden (RB) and New York Botanical Garden (NY). Identification key, descriptions, geographical distribution, comments, and illustrations of species are provided. In Para the genus is represented by 11 species: A. barbata, A. brevifolia, A. candollei, A. grandifolia, A. grisebachii, A. imene, A. obovata, A. rufescens, A. sandwithiana, A. solimoesensis and A. velutina. Abuta obovata and A. velutina are new records for Para state. The leaf venation was the main character for separating species and the secondary vegetation formation the ecosystem with the largest number of species.

Effects of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil on germ tube formation by Candida albicans isolated from denture wearers

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil on germ tube formation by Candida albicans isolated from denture wearers. METHODS Ten C. albicans isolates recovered from denture wearers were tested using 10% fetal bovine serum with or without 4% R. officinalis essential oil. RESULTS The essential oil from R. officinalis completely inhibited germ tube formation in the investigated C. albicans isolates. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that the essential oil of R. officinalis modulates C. albicans pathogenicity through its primary virulence factor (i.e., germ tube formation was suppressed).

Antifungal activity of Rosmarinus officinalis Linn. essential oil against Candida albicans, Candida dubliniensis, Candida parapsilosis and Candida krusei

La actividad de formacion del tubo antifungico y anti-germen del aceite esencial de Rosmarinus officinalis Linn. fue verificada en cuatro cepas de Candida (C. albicans, C. dubliniensis, C. parapsilosis y C. krusei). Se obtuvieron halos de inhibicion y concentracion inhibitoria minima (MIC) utilizando las pruebas de difusion radial y de microdilucion, respectivamente. La concentracion fungicida minima (MFC) se obtuvo a traves de ensayo de la MIC. Ademas, se evaluo el efecto del aceite esencial en la formacion del tubo germinativo de C. albicans y C. dubliniensi. La MIC50 vario de 0,5% a 2%, mientras que la MFC vario de 1% a 2%. Se observo la inhibicion total del crecimiento del tubo germinativo en C. albicans y C. dubliniensis. El aceite esencial de R. officinalis Linn demostro una potente actividad inhibitoria y fungicida contra cepas especificas de Candida

O gênero Inga (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae) na Província Petrolífera de Urucu, Coari, Amazonas, Brasil

This study deals with the taxonomic treatment of Inga Mill. from Urucu Petroleum Province, Coari-AM. The genus is represented by nine taxa, distributed in five sections: Pseudinga Benth., composed by Inga nobilis Willd. subsp. nobilis and Inga stenoptera Benth.; Bourgonia Benth., by Inga laurina (Sw.) Willd., Inga alba (Sw.) Willd. and Inga pezizifera Benth.; Longiflorae (Benth.) T.D. Penn., by Inga rubiginosa (Rich.) DC. and Inga calantha Ducke; Inga and Leptinga Benth., respectively, by Inga edulis Mart. and Inga heterophylla Willd. Are given identification key, descriptions, and illustrations of the taxa, as well as data concerning geographical distribution, additional comments and habitat of the taxa.

Estudo taxonômico de Abuta (Menispermaceae) no estado do Acre, Brasil

A taxonomic treatment of Abuta in the Acre state is presented. Botanical specimens from national and foreign herbaria, as well as 17 new collections and the literature, were analyzed. The genus is represented by eight species: Abuta barbata, A. brevifolia, A. grandifolia, A. obovata, A. pahnii, A. rufescens, A. sandwithiana and A. solimoesensis. Identification keys, descriptions, and illustrations of the species are presented, as well as data concerning geographical distribution and additional comments of the species.

MORPHOANATOMY OF Garcinia madruno (KUNTH) HAMMEL (CLUSIACEAE) UNDER WATERLOGGED CONDITIONS

Garcinia madruno (Kunth) Hammel is a neotropical tree that naturally occurs in terra firme forests and is important as a source of income and medicine for Amazonian populations. This study describes and compares the morphoanatomical responses of plants under conditions of stress and normoxia. Young plants of Garcinia madruno were subjected to two water regimes: daily controlled irrigation and waterlogged for 84 days. Hypertrophic lenticels, adventitious roots and anatomical characteristics of the roots and leaves were evaluated on days 0, 21, 42, 63 and 84. There were no changes in leaf structure, but cracks and hypertrophic lenticels appeared on the stems, there was an increase in blackness of the roots and the plants formed adventitious roots to adapt to the flooded environment. The anatomical changes in the roots of the flooded plants were thickening of the exodermis in the main root and of the pericycle in the lateral roots, and a large increase in the amount of aerenchyma. Histochemical tests detected starch in the midrib, mesophyll, stem and root of flooded plants, and in the petiole of control plants. In the waterlogged plants, phenolic compounds were found in the petiole and alkaloids were found in the midrib, petiole and root. Termos para indexação: Amazon, bacurizinho, stress, fruit, histochemistry. MORFOANATOMIA DE Garcinia madruno (KUNTH) HAMMEL (CLUSIACEAE) SOB CONDIÇÕES DE ALAGAMENTO RESUMO Garcinia madruno (Kunth) Hammel, árvore neotropical, ocorre naturalmente em florestas de terra firme, considerada uma fonte de renda da população da Amazônia, além de sua importância medicinal do látex para curar diversas doenças. O estudo objetivou descrever e comparar as respostas morfoanatômicas das plantas estressadas e em condições de normoxia. Plantas jovens de Garcinia madruno foram submetidas a dois regimes hídricos: controle irrigado diariamente; e alagado, por 84 dias. Lenticelas hipertróficas, raízes adventícias e características anatômicas da raiz e da folha foram avaliados aos 0; 21; 42; 63 e 84 dias. Não foram observadas modificações na estrutura foliar, no caule surgiram rachaduras e lenticelas hipertróficas, aumento e enegrecimento das raízes, bem como o surgimento de raízes adventícias, como forma de adaptação ao ambiente alagado. As modificações anatômicas nas raízes de plantas alagadas foram o espessamento da exoderme na raiz principal e do periciclo na raiz lateral, além de grande quantidade de aerênquima. Os testes histoquímicos detectaram: amido: nervura central, mesofilo, pecíolo e raiz das plantas alagadas, bem como no pecíolo das controles; apenas nas alagadas foram observados compostos fenólicos no pecíolo e alcaloides: nervura central, pecíolo e raiz. Termos para indexação: Amazônia, bacurizinho, estresse, frutíferas, histoquímica. 1(Paper 089-16). Received July 06, 2016 . Accepted January 11, 2017. 2Master’s degree program in Biological Science Tropical Botany, Rural Federal University of the Amazon/Emílio Goeldi Museum. E-mail: natacouto@gmail.com 3Master’s degree studant program in Biological Science Tropical Botany, Rural Federal University of the Amazon/Emílio Goeldi Museum. E-mail: suzanamarques2006@yahoo.com.br 4Studant of Scientific initiation PIBIC/CNPQ in Emílio Goeldi Museum. E-mail: wendell_vilhena@hotmail.com. 5Researcher in Emílio Goeldi Musuem. E-mail: esgurguel@museu-goeldi.br

O gênero Macrolobium Schreb. (Leguminosae) no estado do Amapá, Brasil

The present study contributes to earlier studies on the genus Macrolobium in the state of Amapa, Brazil. We analyzed specimens of 10 domestic and foreign herbaria. Descriptions, illustrations, an identifi cation key, and data about phenology are provided for the seven taxa confi rmed in the state. Macrobium acaciifolium (Benth.) Benth., M. angustifolium (Benth.) R.S. Cowan, M. bifolium (Aubl.) Pers., M. campestre Huber, M. huberianum Ducke, M. multijugum (DC.) Benth., M. pendulum Willd. ex Vogel. Of these, M. campestre , and M. pendulum are endemic to Brazil, while M. angustifolium and M. pendulum are new records for Amapa.

HERBARIA AS PATRIMONY: THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE MFS COLLECTION IN THE CONSERVATION OF AMAZONIAN BIODIVERSITY

Herbaria and living collections play an indispensable role of species conservation strategies. The objective of this work was to discuss the formation of the MFS - Profa. Dra. Marlene Freitas da Silva herbarium, at the Universidade do Estado do Para, with the goals of helping new Brazilian herbaria and motivating educational institutions, professors and students. The processes that involve the creation of a botanical collection as such as establishing partnershipsare, training technicians, curating, processing field data, taking images, and making data available online are described. Presently, MFS has 6083 dried collections, including angiosperms (5111 spp.), bryophytes (863 spp.), lycophytes and ferns (18 spp.) and fungi (91 spp.). In addition, there are associated collections of seedlings (15 spp.), flowers (47 spp.), fruits and seeds (187 spp.), and an ethnobotanical collection (56). The increasing growth of this collection is a resulted of many interdisciplinary studies in botany, that invested resources to work the social and environmental importance with the biodiversity. MFS is an important academic space and reference for researchers and students because it allows botanical material to be identified, and is a resource of historical, sociocultural and economic information about plants of a distinct and unique region in the world.

The effect of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil on germ tube formation in Candida dubliniensis recovered from denture users

Candida dubliniensis is an emerging pathogenic yeast that is closely related to C. albicans and colonizes or infects the oral cavities of denture users. Similar to C. albicans, C. dubliniensis produces germ tubes as a major virulence factor. Due to the scarcity of data demonstrating that natural products have anti-C. dubliniensis activity, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of an essential oil from Rosmarinus officinalis on C. dubliniensis germ tube formation. Six isolates of C. dubliniensis were recovered from the oral cavities (n = 5/denture base and n = 1/palatal mucosa) of six denture users either with (n = 4) or without (n = 2) stomatitis. Germ tube formation was induced in Sabouraud dextrose broth containing 10% fetal bovine serum in the presence (test) or absence (control) of 4% R. officinalis essential oil. The complete inhibition of germ tube formation for all of the tested isolates of C. dubliniensis was observed (p = 0.004). Our results demonstrate the potent anti-C. dubliniensis effect of R. officinalis essential oil, indicating the need to further investigate the pharmaceutical use of R. officinalis essential oil, particularly as it impacts the colonization of denture resin and stomatitis.