Emerson Fernando Rasera

Social Constructionism in the Context of Organization Development: Dialogue, Imagination, and Co-Creation as Resources of Change

The world faces rapid changes that call for new epistemologies and methodologies that can generate innovative forms of “being” and “doing” within organizations. This article investigates conceptual and practical resources from the social constructionist perspective that can be useful in realizing the transformation of organizations. Initially, a global context of the world in change is described, explaining the consequences for organizations; then social constructionism is introduced as a postmodern epistemology and offered as a potential approach to the organizational development field in supporting research and intervention. Some perspectives for action and knowledge production are offered in the context of an organization. Finally, some resources with examples will be articulated; these new frameworks for action can be effective for organizations coping in times of change.

Sentidos do diagnóstico por câncer de mama feminino para casais que o vivenciaram

A lacuna de compreensao dos sentidos construidos por casais que vivenciaram o câncer de mama da parceira motivou a realizacao deste estudo, que objetivou descrever e analisar os sentidos que casais constroem sobre o câncer de mama da parceira e sobre as formas de se relacionar com esse adoecimento. Sete casais foram entrevistados e os dados coletados foram analisados a luz do referencial teorico do construcionismo social. Os resultados mostraram que os sentidos de provacao e morte construidos para o câncer da parceira, despertaram nos participantes sentimentos de revolta e ansiedade e a relacao com Deus. A partir disso, propoe-se a relevância da assistencia interdisciplinar para esses casais, bem como a integracao do discurso religioso como ferramenta do cuidado assistencial a essa populacao.

Os sentidos da construção social: o convite construcionista para a Psicologia

The social constructionist movement has been in prominence in the international psychological literature in the last decade and it is now rising in Brazil. The objective of this text is to describe the multiple meanings of the constructionist invitation through the histories of its origin, its contributions and the main tensions and debates produced. Considering a set of critics to scientific practice, constructionists proposals emphasize the historical and cultural specificities of our ways of knowing the world, the primacy of human relationships in the production and maintenance of knowledge, the link betweeen knowledge and activity and the valorization of a reflexive and critical stance. These proposals invite a culturally sensitive scientific practice that promotes the enhancement of our relational vocabularies.

Desafios da aproximação do construcionismo social ao campo da psicoterapia

Challenges of using social constructionism in psychotherapeutic context. In the last years, social constructionism has contributed to the construction of di...

Maternidades: os repertórios interpretativos utilizados para descrevê-las

The aim of this study was to describe the interpretative repertoires about the motherhood used in interviews by women who lives motherhood experience. We interviewed twelve mothers, users of a Maternal and Child Health-care Center, whose youngest child was between four months and two years old. Corpus analysis was performed according to Discourse Analysis. As results, we observed that the interviewers described the motherhood using four repertories: (1) romantic motherhood, emphasizing motherhood as a natural phenomenon, (2) medicate motherhood, that presents motherhood through a medical and psychological vocabulary; (3) exigent motherhood, in that the descriptions emphasize the demands of being mother; (4) learning with the motherhood, by which motherhood is described as an opportunity for learning and change. We concluded that, when such repertoires were used, the participants sought to position themselves as good mothers, seeking a comfortable place and positive assessment in the interaction.

OS IDOSOS E O USO DE PRÓTESES AUDITIVAS: IDENTIFICANDO OS REPERTÓRIOS INTERPRETATIVOS QUE JUSTIFICAM ESSA DECISÃO

The aim of this study was to describe the interpretative repertoires used by hearing impaired elders in choosing to use hearing aids. Five hearing impaired elders, of both sexes, who used hearing aids, were interviewed. Data analysis was performed according to Discourse Analysis by Constructionist Approach. As results, we observed that the hearing aid users justified their decision using five repertoires: (1) The disturb of repetition; (2) Seeking prevention and self-care; (3) Taking advantage of a beneficial technological resource(4) The benefits surpass the limitations (5) The virtue of resignation. Seeking to combat the fragilities of each of these repertoires, they were used in a combined manner. We concluded that, when such repertoires were used, the interviewers sought to legitimize their decision to use hearing aids, demonstrating that this decision was taken in a critical manner and so must be respected.

Mudança em psicoterapia de grupo: reflexões a partir da terapia narrativa

Resumo Este estudo de caso visa compreender o processo de mudanca de uma pessoa em psicoterapia de grupo a partir de uma perspectiva narrativa. A observacao participante e a analise dos registros das doze sessoes de um grupo de curto prazo permitiram investigar episodios e intervencoes terapeuticas que contribuiram para a construcao de uma narrativa em que a pessoa se descrevia com uma maior autonomia em sua vida, superando a narrativa anterior saturada pelo problema. Entendemos que os recursos propostos pela perspectiva narrativa, tais como a identificacao de acontecimentos extraordinarios, a externalizacao do problema e o fortalecimento das narrativas de enfrentamento ajudaram a construir novos sentidos por meio da criacao de um espaco dialogico no contexto grupal. Apesar da fertilidade da aproximacao das propostas narrativas ao campo grupal, as reflexoes realizadas apontaram ainda alguns desafios a serem enfrentados. Palavras-chave: psicoterapia de grupo, terapia narrativa, mudanca, construcionismo AbstRAct Change in group psychotherapy: understandings from narrative therapy This case study aims to understand the change process of a person in group psychotherapy, from a narrative perspective. Participant observation and an analysis of the notes of twelve sessions of a short-term group allowed us to investigate episodes and therapeutic interventions that had contributed to the construction of a narrative in which the person self-described as

A atuação do psicólogo em ONG/AIDS

Since the beginning of the epidemic, Psychology has contributed in the fight against AIDS through psychological care for those living with AIDS, their relatives and STD/AIDS prevention. Related to the AIDS social movement, a new context of work for psychologists emerged: the AIDS non-governmental organizations. Considering the scarcity of Brazilian literature about the contribution of Psychology in this context, the objective of this article is to describe the psychological practices developed at an AIDS non-governmental organization in Ribeirao Preto/Sao Paulo/Brazil, the Grupo Humanitario de Incentivo a Vida. The diversity of activities performed by psychologists in this NGO goes from individual psychotherapy and coordination of different types of group to the organization of the structure of the NGO and the supervision of its political actions. Among the challenges faced by the psychologist in this context are the integration between professional practice and social activism and the relationship between the HIV carrier and the psychologist. They point out how AIDS challenges traditional professional practices and demands changes in healthcare.

Problema e mudanca em terapia de grupo: descricoes construcionistas sociais

A constructionist description of group therapy defines it as a discursive practice in which problem and change are considered conversational constructions produced by people in relationships. The objective of this study is to comprehend how certain ways of talking contribute to the construction of the problem and its solution in a support group for people living with HIV. The group studied had ten sessions and four participants. The sessions were tape-recorded and transcribed. Through the discursive analysis of group moments we comprehended how: the construction of the problem and the solution are part of the same conversational process; this conversational process implies in the expansion of supplementation domains; this expansion is influenced by the interactional dynamic of the session, by the social discourses about the group and the problem, and by the narrative form of the problem. This comprehension favored a reflection about identity and ethical implications on making part of this group.

Use of Theoretical Models in Family Therapy: Focus on Social Constructionism

espanolResumen: En el campo de la terapia familiar (TF) coexisten perspectivas teoricas y metodologicas. El objetivo de este articulo es comprender como los terapeutas familiares utilizan teorias de la TF, especialmente, el construccionismo social. Es un estudio cualitativo, realizado a partir de entrevistas semiestructuradas, con 14 terapeutas familiares brasilenos, hombres y mujeres. El analisis y discusion presentan cuatro discursos en que terapeutas combinan teorias: conciliatorio-construccionista, conciliatorio-reflexivo, conciliatorio-explicativo e eclectico. El analisis presenta aspectos que los caracterizan y diferencian, e implicaciones en la practica de los terapeutas. Concluimos que la combinacion de teorias busca enriquecer la practica clinica y genera tensiones en el campo de la TF. El articulo invita terapeutas a la construccion de practicas orientadas por una investigacion epistemologica, a traves de las cuales puedan identificar presupuestos teoricos que guian sus acciones, buscando congruencia entre las practicas adoptadas y las teorias que las fundamentan. EnglishAbstract: In the field of family therapy (FT), theoretical and methodological perspectives coexist. This article aims to comprehend how family therapists use different theories, especially social constructionism. We describe a qualitative study, carried out through semi-structured and individual interviews with 14 Brazilian family therapists, men and women. Our analysis and discussion present four types of discourse by which the participants combine theoretical perspectives: conciliatory-constructionist, conciliatory-reflexive, conciliatory-descriptive and eclectic. The analysis presents features that characterize and differentiate each discourse, and implications they have on the participants’ practice. We conclude that the combination of theories is an effort to enhance clinical practice, at the same time as it creates tensions in the FT field. This article invites family therapists to construct practices based on an epistemological investigation, by which they will be able to identify theoretical premises that guide their actions, as an effort to achieve congruence between practices and the theories behind them. portuguesResumo: No campo da terapia familiar (TF) coexistem perspectivas teoricas e metodologicas. O objetivo deste artigo e compreender como terapeutas familiares utilizam diferentes teorias da TF, especialmente, o construcionismo social. Este estudo possui natureza qualitativa, e foi realizado a partir de entrevistas individuais semi-estruturadas, com 14 terapeutas familiares brasileiros, homens e mulheres. A analise e discussao apresentam quatro discursos pelos quais os terapeutas combinam perspectivas teoricas: conciliatorio-construcionista, conciliatorio-reflexivo, conciliatorio-explicativo e ecletico. A analise apresenta aspectos que os caracterizam e diferenciam, e implicacoes que possuem na pratica dos terapeutas. Concluimos que a combinacao de teorias busca enriquecer a pratica clinica, ao mesmo tempo em que gera tensoes no campo da TF. O artigo convida os terapeutas a construirem praticas orientadas por uma investigacao epistemologica, por meio das quais podem identificar os pressupostos teoricos que norteiam suas acoes, em busca de congruencia entre as praticas empregadas e as teorias que as embasam.