Clarissa Mendonça Corradi-Webster

Adaptação e validação do Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) para população ribeirinha do interior da Amazônia, Brasil

The objective of this study was to validate the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) for a river population in the Brazilian Amazon. The original English version of AUDIT was translated into Portuguese, using the procedure recommended by the World Health Organization. The text was then back-translated and submitted to a native English translator, who approved the translation. AUDIT was administered to 361 inhabitants for a total of three times in two weeks. Data were analyzed for test/retest reliability and internal consistency. Cronbachs alpha was 0.87 at the first interview, 0.87 at the second, and 0.86 at the third. Test/retest reliability assessed via the intra-class correlation coefficient for the total AUDIT scale was 0.93. Area under ROC was 0.805 for a cutoff of seven (sensitivity 76.4%; specificity 75%). The validated AUDIT proved to be internally consistent and stable over time, but requires further investigation of its psychometric properties.

Consumption of energy drinks among physical education students

UNLABELLEDnThis descriptive and cross-sectional study aimed to characterize the pattern of energy drinks consumption in a sample of physical education students through a self-applied questionnaire (socio-demographic data and characterization of consumption). Variables associated with consumption: gender, marital status, attending gym classes, athletic swim practice, and study in the morning. Consumption pattern (n=137): 2.2% once in their lives, 9.5% at least once in the last 12 months, 38% at least once in the last month, 39.4% six times or more in the last month, 10.9% 20 times or more in the last month. Justification for consumption: 54% to improve the taste of alcoholic drinks, 27.7% to extend their evening leisure periods, 13.9% to improve sports performance, 9.5% for stimulation, 8.8% enjoy the taste, 6.6% for curiosity and 4.4% to study. Of those who consumed energy drinks, 87.6% mixed it with alcohol, and 25.9% of the students reported they consume more alcohol when it is mixed with energy drinks.nnnCONCLUSIONSnthe consumption of energy drinks is associated to sports and drinking alcohol.OBJETIVO: caracterizar el patron de uso de energizantes en muestra por conveniencia de estudiantes de educacion fisica. Estudio descriptivo transversal. Instrumento: cuestionario auto aplicable para datos sociodemograficos y caracterizar el consumo. RESULTADOS: patron de consumo (n = 137), 2,2 % una vez en la vida; 9,5 % por lo menos una vez en ultimos 12 meses; 38 % por lo menos una vez en ultimo mes; 39,4 % seis veces o mas en ultimo mes; 10,9 % veinte veces o mas en ultimo mes. Ocasiones de consumo: discotecas (75,2%), fiestas (48,9%); bares (38,7%); antes practica deportes (14,6%), despues practica deportes (5,8%); al estudiar (4,4%). Razones del uso: 54% mejorar sabor alcohol; 27,7% divertirse toda la noche; 13,9% mejorar desempeno deportivo; 9,5% estimularse; 8,8% gustar bebida; 6,6% curiosidad, 4,4% estudiar. Quienes ya consumieron: 87,6 % combino con alcohol, con vodka (88,3%); 25,9 % consume mas alcohol combinandolo. CONCLUSIONES: el consumo de energizantes no solo se encuentra asociado al deporte sino al alcohol.

Intervenções breves para o uso abusivo de álcool em atenção primária

Summary This work aimed to identify, and characterize the field of evaluation studies of brief interventions (BI) for alcohol abuse in primary health care. A bibliographical search was carried out, using databases (Medline, PsycInfo, Lilacs), to identify empirical studies – clinical trials – with comparative evaluation of the results of BIs, published between January 1990 and December 2003. Twenty six studies were identified, most of them published in the United States of America during 1997. These studies evaluated the effectiveness of brief counseling intervention with the use of educational materials and follow up evaluation on problematic alcohol users. The majority showed that BIs reduce the consumption of alcohol. The most common study design was longitudinal, randomized clinical trial. The most frequent outcome measure was the alcohol drinking consumption pattern. There is no standardization of BIs procedures. BI were found to be effective in 25 studies. No Latin American and Caribbean studies in Lilacs were found.

A enfermagem e a prevenção do uso indevido de drogas entre adolescentes

This is an undergraduate nursing student experience report with a community project to prevent drug use among teenagers. The project consists of preventive educational interventions to teenagers, aged 15 to 17 years, attending the “Programa Agente Jovem de Desenvolvimento Social e Humano - Young Agent Program for the Social and Human Development.’ This program, which is coordinated by the Social Services Department of the District of Ribeirao Preto, Brazil, is funded by the Brazilian Federal Government. An interdisciplinary approach is used to address several community issues such as violence, the environment, teenager’s sexuality, the use of drugs, and opportunities for engagement in life experience projects. The program uses workshops to provide information, provoke discussions, and stimulate reflections on the main aspects of substance abuse and on strategies teenagers can use to develop coping skills. The program provided the undergraduate nursing student with an excellent experience with community project, which is very important in determining innovative nursing practices.Relato de experiencia de practicas en enfermeria con el objetivo de prevenir el uso indebido de drogas entre sadolescentes de una comunidad. Las actividades fueron realizadas con adolescentes del Programa Agente Joven de Desarrollo Social y Humano, coordinado por la Secretaria de la Asistencia Social de la Prefectura Municipal de Ribeirao Preto - SP, con recursos del Gobierno Federal. El programa atendia a jovenes de 15 a 17 anos y abordaba temas como violencia, medio ambiente, sexualidad, drogas y proyecto de vida. Las practicas fueron semanales y la tematica de drogas fue trabajada de forma interdisciplinaria. Se desarrollaron talleres de trabajo que tuvieron por objetivo ofrecer informaciones, promover discusion y reflexion sobre los aspectos involucrados en el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, ademas de desarrollar habilidades de enfrentamiento. Se creo un espacio para la reflexion respecto a la tematica con adolescentes y la alumna de pregrado involucrada tuvo la oportunidad de vivenciar el trabajo comunitario, importante en este momento de remodelacion de las practicas de enfermeria.

Sentidos sobre o hábito de fumar para mulheres participantes de grupo de tabagistas

The aim of this study was to understand the meanings produced about smoking by women participating in a group for smokers in Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. Seven participants took part in structured interviews with five open questions. The theoretical framework was social constructionism with two themes: 1) Cigarettes in the womens life cycle 2) Expectations regarding treatment. The repertories used to describe the beginning of consumption in adolescence included glamour, charm, independence and peer acceptance and those used to describe the maintenance of consumption in adulthood included anxiety, depression and coping with daily stress. Regarding expectations for treatment they believed that contact with people who experience the same difficulties in relation to the cessation of consumption and the dream of a healthy life would be motivating. The treatment offered to smokers should explore strategies for women to achieve what they want regarding the consumption of cigarettes.O objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer sentidos produzidos sobre o tabagismo por mulheres participantes de um grupo para tabagistas em Florianopolis, SC, Brasil. O grupo foi composto por sete participantes. Utilizou-se a entrevista estruturada, com cinco questoes abertas. O referencial teorico foi construcionismo social. Como conclusao, encontrou-se dois eixos tematicos: 1) cigarro no ciclo vital da mulher 2) expectativas em relacao ao tratamento. Os repertorios utilizados para descrever o inicio do consumo na adolescencia incluiram glamour, charme, independencia e aceitacao pelos pares, enquanto aqueles utilizados para descrever a manutencao do consumo na idade adulta incluiram ansiedade, depressao e recurso para lidar com o estresse diario. Quanto as expectativas em relacao ao tratamento, acreditam que o contato com pessoas que vivenciam as mesmas dificuldades, em relacao a interrupcao do consumo e sonhos de uma vida saudavel, seria motivador. O tratamento oferecido para tabagistas deve explorar estrategias para que as mulheres alcancem o que desejam com o consumo de cigarro.

Avaliação do desempenho do CAGE com pacientes psiquiátricos ambulatoriais

Descriptive and transversal study to evaluate the performance of CAGE among psychiatric outpatients at a tertiary-level university hospital. Convenience sample composed of patients from HCFMRP-USP (n=127). The instruments used were CAGE and the diagnostic interview based on ICD-10 criteria for harmful use and alcohol dependence. The performance of CAGE scores was evaluated through the analysis of ROC curve, using the ICD-10 clinical diagnostic as a gold standard. The sensitivity and specificity in accordance with the cut-off points are: > or =0, Sens=100%, Spec=0%; > or =1, Sens=100%, Spec=73.7%; > or =2, Sens=53.8%, Spec=87.7%; > or =3, Sens=53.8%, Spec=94.7%; > or =4, Sens=0%; Spec=100%. Score 1 showed to be the ideal critical point for sensibility/specificity. > or =1 was the best cut-off point for CAGE among psychiatric outpatients from a tertiary-level university hospital. To increase the diagnostic power of the test and the reliability of its results, its performance in the study population should be assessed.Descriptive and transversal study to evaluate the performance of CAGE among psychiatric outpatients at a tertiary-level university hospital. Convenience sample composed of patients from HCFMRP-USP (n=127). The instruments used were CAGE and the diagnostic interview based on ICD-10 criteria for harmful use and alcohol dependence. The performance of CAGE scores was evaluated through the analysis of ROC curve, using the ICD-10 clinical diagnostic as a gold standard. The sensitivity and specificity in accordance with the cut-off points are: ³0, Sens=100%, Spec=0%; ³1, Sens=100%, Spec=73.7%; ³2, Sens=53.8%, Spec=87.7%; ³3, Sens=53.8%, Spec=94.7%; ³4, Sens=0%; Spec=100%. Score 1 showed to be the ideal critical point for sensibility/ specificity. ³1 was the best cut-off point for CAGE among psychiatric outpatients from a tertiary-level university hospital. To increase the diagnostic power of the test and the reliability of its results, its performance in the study population should be assessed.

Consumo de álcool e atenção primária no interior da Amazônia: sobre a formação de médicos e enfermeiros para assistência integral

Alcohol abuse is one of the main public health problems on the list of priorities in Brazils Family Health Strategy. The objectives of this study were to learn the views of family health nurses and physicians concerning alcohol abuse, focusing on their understanding of this issue and the way it is handled routinely by health services in the Amazon. This was a qualitative study with 14 recently graduated nurses and physicians from the Family Health Strategy in a county in the interior of the State of Amazonas. Two focus groups were used. The data were analyzed through thematic analysis, based on the principles of the Unified National Health System (SUS) and human resources training. The health professionals identified risk factors for alcohol abuse, were aware of the consequences for the individual and society, and described the criteria used by disease classification systems, but they did not know how to act on this issue, thus revealing gaps in the respective university training.

Implementação de intervenções breves para uso problemático de álcool na atenção primária, em um contexto amazônico

AIMSnto evaluate the implementation process of Screening and Brief Interventions for the Problematic Use of Alcohol (PUA) in primary health care in the city of Coari, Amazonas.nnnMETHODSnmanagement evaluation through a process analysis study, using triangulation methods, with qualitative techniques like focus groups with health professionals and with the training/follow up team; quantitative epidemiological data and data concerning health service productivity in 2008.nnnRESULTSnthe health team accepted the training course well, feeling that it valued them. Twenty-five percent of the sample scored PUA using AUDIT. Difficulties: preservation of the biomedical approach, difficulties to continue the work because of high professional rotation levels due to political reasons, difficulties to stabilize policies in places with little access.nnnCONCLUSIONSnmanagement action is needed, as well as health policies for PUA in the PHC, including the need for fixed human resources in PHC teams.O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o processo de implementacao de estrategias de rastreamento e intervencoes breves para o uso problematico de alcool (UPA), na atencao primaria, do municipio de Coari, Amazonas. A metodologia usada nesta pesquisa foi do tipo avaliacao para gestao por analise do processo, atraves da triangulacao de metodos, utilizando-se tecnicas qualitativas, como grupos focais com profissionais de saude e equipe envolvida na capacitacao/monitorizaca, e dados quantitativos epidemiologicos e de produtividade, em servicos de atencao do ano 2008. Como resultados, obteve-se que o treinamento foi bem aceito pela equipe, que se sentiu valorizada. Da amostra, 25% pontuou UPA no Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). As dificuldades apresentadas se referem a preservacao do enfoque biomedico, ainda, dificuldade para dar continuidade ao trabalho devido a rotatividade dos profissionais por motivos politicos e para estabelecer politicas para areas de pouco acesso. Conclui-se que ha necessidade de acoes de gestao e de politicas de saude, direcionadas a tematica do UPA, na atencao primaria, sobressaindo a necessidade de fixacao do recurso humano das equipes de Estrategia de Saude da Familia.

Psychological concept of optimism and drug use among nursing students

Objective: To describe the consumption of psychoactive substances among undergraduate nursing students and nursing residents, and verify a correlation between psychoactive substances and the perception of optimism. Methods: This is a quantitative, descriptive, correlational study involving 229 subjects, including 184 undergraduate students and 45 nursing residents, from a public University of Parana, in 2010. The Life Orientation Test and the Screening Test for Alcohol, Tobacco and other Substances were used for the study. Descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation and Kruskal Wallis statistics were used for analysis. Results: We found significant differences for the consumption of tobacco and sedatives within different series. There was weak negative correlation between sedatives and optimism. Misuse was found for alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and sedatives. Conclusions: Further studies should be conducted to understand the reasons for the gradual increase in tobacco use in the series, the dramatic decline in tobacco use and sedatives in the Residency Program in Nursing and the correlation between use of sedatives and optimism, in order to prevent injuries and promote mental health in students.Objective: To describe the consumption of psychoactive substances among undergraduate nursing students and nursing residents, and verify a correlation between psychoactive substances and the perception of optimism. Methods: This is a quantitative, descriptive, correlational study involving 229 subjects, including 184 undergraduate students and 45 nursing residents, from a public University of Parana, in 2010. The Life Orientation Test and the Screening Test for Alcohol, Tobacco and other Substances were used for the study. Descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation and Kruskal Wallis statistics were used for analysis. Results: We found significant differences for the consumption of tobacco and sedatives within different series. There was weak negative correlation between sedatives and optimism. Misuse was found for alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and sedatives. Conclusions: Further studies should be conducted to understand the reasons for the gradual increase in tobacco use in the series, the dramatic decline in tobacco use and sedatives in the Residency Program in Nursing and the correlation between use of sedatives and optimism, in order to prevent injuries and promote mental health in students.

Conceito psicológico de otimismo e uso de drogas entre estudantes de enfermagem

Objective: To describe the consumption of psychoactive substances among undergraduate nursing students and nursing residents, and verify a correlation between psychoactive substances and the perception of optimism. Methods: This is a quantitative, descriptive, correlational study involving 229 subjects, including 184 undergraduate students and 45 nursing residents, from a public University of Parana, in 2010. The Life Orientation Test and the Screening Test for Alcohol, Tobacco and other Substances were used for the study. Descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation and Kruskal Wallis statistics were used for analysis. Results: We found significant differences for the consumption of tobacco and sedatives within different series. There was weak negative correlation between sedatives and optimism. Misuse was found for alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and sedatives. Conclusions: Further studies should be conducted to understand the reasons for the gradual increase in tobacco use in the series, the dramatic decline in tobacco use and sedatives in the Residency Program in Nursing and the correlation between use of sedatives and optimism, in order to prevent injuries and promote mental health in students.Objective: To describe the consumption of psychoactive substances among undergraduate nursing students and nursing residents, and verify a correlation between psychoactive substances and the perception of optimism. Methods: This is a quantitative, descriptive, correlational study involving 229 subjects, including 184 undergraduate students and 45 nursing residents, from a public University of Parana, in 2010. The Life Orientation Test and the Screening Test for Alcohol, Tobacco and other Substances were used for the study. Descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation and Kruskal Wallis statistics were used for analysis. Results: We found significant differences for the consumption of tobacco and sedatives within different series. There was weak negative correlation between sedatives and optimism. Misuse was found for alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and sedatives. Conclusions: Further studies should be conducted to understand the reasons for the gradual increase in tobacco use in the series, the dramatic decline in tobacco use and sedatives in the Residency Program in Nursing and the correlation between use of sedatives and optimism, in order to prevent injuries and promote mental health in students.