Enrique Javier Díez Gutiérrez

La diferencia sexual en el análisis de los videojuegos

Tourism is understood, nowadays, as a systemic activity, inserting socio-cultural agents in the elaboration of its competitive products. The complexity of interlinked activities through its interative relations is the main reason for this. Fortaleza, with the best age capital city program (PFCMI), presents a good example of share management, a kind of strategy that makes stronger the consolidation and sustenance of a touristic destination. The major goals are to increase the practice of share management of touristic products, encouraging the recognition of activities developed with federal, state and city governments as a contribution. For these objectives to be accomplished, it was developed a research that analyses the own experience in the form of group leader into share management. This research was related with the insertion of some categories in tourism business, specifically in the administration, in the organized society and in the planning really shared. The greatest result of this experience came up with actions promoted by PFCMI, such as: lectures and events in favor of a sensibilization, the opening of new best age clubs in Ceara’s hinterland, cultural promotions designed for older people, encouraging the creation of an ‘Old Age Police District’, among other measures. It’s difficult to put in numbers results concerned on a cultural change of society. Nevertheless they exist, in a sense of some signals that this process is going on: a commitment, more and more emphatic, from the state government in the elaboration of the State Older People Council. Keywords: Sustenance. Share Management. Touristic products. Fortaleza, the best age. Capital city program.The objective of this article isto interpret and to understand the use of rhetoric devices in Brazil´s political propaganda and finding out in what ways the use of these symbolic elements became a tool for persuasion in order to provoke behavioral changes in voters. Based on Depth Hermeneutics, proposed by John B. Thompson, and with the support of important categories, such as political propaganda, persuasive communication and rhetoric, it was analyzed Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva´s last political spot, broadcasted on television during the Brazilian electoral propaganda free air time on the last day of the second round of the election, in 2002. Keywords: Political propaganda. Persuasion. Rhetoric.This texts focuses initially at the relationship of the author with the theme and her interest on it. Secondly, it is made a curricular analysis to show the coherence between the directives of Brazil’s Ministry of Education, the development of such directives by graduate institutions and the demand by the professional market. Finally, this research was able to present the distance from the ideal professional profile to the real accountancy professional. Keywords: Education. Continuing education. Curricular analysis.In this work, it is presented a discussion about the individual person and about society, as per Emile Durkheim. In a very succinct way, it is presented the idea of moral individualism, according do the father of Sociology, as a morality found in modern societies, emphasizing a non-contractual element, which conditions social relations and ties in communities that gather through the organic solidarity. Despite not being an anti-individualist, it will be shown that Durkheim works with a very peculiar concept of individual, that, along with other concepts of State, Society, and Moral, is presented closer to the ideal type, rather than what is really found in real life. Keywords: Durkheim. Individual. Society. Moral. Moral individualism.Most expressive changes about the feminine participation in politics started in the 70´s with the insertion of woman in the social movements, the utilization of electoral quotas between the candidates, and the increase of woman in governmental roles. However, data from the elections of 2000 and 2004, in Ceara state, Brazil, shows that there is still a large imbalance on the distribution between male and female candidates. Based on the analysis of this data and on cultural, structural and political aspects, here are formulated hypothesis about the possible obstacles that prevent a more equitable distribution between man and woman in political roles. Keywords: Politics. Feminine participation. Municipal elections

Ecologías de aprendizaje ubicuo para la ciberciudadanía crítica

El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido detectar y analizar los aprendizajes ubicuos adquiridos en entornos educativos expandidos destinados a la «formacion permanente de formadores» y como estos influyen en la construccion de una ciudadania consciente, critica y comprometida. Se han analizado las «soft skills» adquiridas para el desenvolvimiento efectivo en el trabajo o la vida diaria, mediante la exploracion activa del proceso formativo. Se ha tratado asi de detectar el aprendizaje ubicuo que suele resultar invisible para la educacion formal. Con este proposito, el estudio de caso aqui presentado recurre a una triangulacion de analisis cualitativo y cuantitativo de informacion multifuente (cuestionarios, entrevistas, observacion participante, grupos de discusion, diarios individuales y colectivos), que incluye analisis de red semantica de las expresiones de los participantes. Los resultados obtenidos nos indican que las «soft skills» relacionadas con la capacidad de desarrollo autonomo, el uso de medios y recursos transformadores, la potenciacion de la cooperacion social, la resolucion de desafios cognitivos y sociales, la potenciacion del compromiso civico y del aprendizaje funcional, que genera el aprendizaje expandido, se pueden convertir en un instrumento para el empoderamiento de personas, colectivos y movimientos sociales. Pero este aprendizaje expandido, como aprendizaje abierto y colaborativo, democratico y comprometido, requiere un apoyo consciente si se desea que las futuras generaciones no solo sean consumidoras, sino productoras colaborativas en un mundo socialmente compartido

Diretoras em Educação: Quebrando o Teto de Vidro na Espanha

Las organizaciones escolares espanolas se caracterizan por el alto indice de mujeres que trabajan en ellas. Sin embargo, los datos estadisticos demuestran que el numero de hombres es superior en proporcion en puestos de direccion. El estudio de las razones por las cuales ocurre esto es el principal objetivo de este articulo: las motivaciones y obstaculos que encuentran las mujeres para acceder a estos cargos de mayor responsabilidad y poder y ejercerlos, mediante la aplicacion de cuestionarios a 2.022 profesoras, 430 directoras y 322 directores, asi como 60 entrevistas semiestructuradas a directoras, 14 grupos de discusion con directoras y 16 autobiografias de directoras e inspectoras de educacion. Las causas identificadas tienen que ver con aspectos estructurales, ligados a una cosmovision patriarcal aun dominante en nuestra sociedad y cultura. Pero tambien se han hallado motivaciones para el acceso y desempeno del cargo directivo para las mujeres.Abstract: Spanish schools are characterised by having a high proportion of female staff. However, statistics show that a proportionately higher number of men hold leadership positions. The aim of this study was to analyse the reasons why this is so, and to determine the motivations and barriers that women encounter in attaining and exercising these positions of greater responsibility and power. Questionnaires were administered to 2,022 female teachers, 430 female principals and 322 male principals. In addition, semi-structured interviews were held with 60 female principals, 14 focus group discussions were held with female principals and 16 autobiographical narratives were compiled with female principals and school inspectors. The reasons identified were related to structural aspects linked to the patriarchal worldview that is still dominant in our society and culture. Nevertheless, we also found motivations among women for attaining and exercising leadership roles. Keywords: social equality, women, management, leadership, discrimination

Directoras en Educación: Rompiendo el Techo de Cristal en España

Las organizaciones escolares espanolas se caracterizan por el alto indice de mujeres que trabajan en ellas. Sin embargo, los datos estadisticos demuestran que el numero de hombres es superior en proporcion en puestos de direccion. El estudio de las razones por las cuales ocurre esto es el principal objetivo de este articulo: las motivaciones y obstaculos que encuentran las mujeres para acceder a estos cargos de mayor responsabilidad y poder y ejercerlos, mediante la aplicacion de cuestionarios a 2.022 profesoras, 430 directoras y 322 directores, asi como 60 entrevistas semiestructuradas a directoras, 14 grupos de discusion con directoras y 16 autobiografias de directoras e inspectoras de educacion. Las causas identificadas tienen que ver con aspectos estructurales, ligados a una cosmovision patriarcal aun dominante en nuestra sociedad y cultura. Pero tambien se han hallado motivaciones para el acceso y desempeno del cargo directivo para las mujeres.Abstract: Spanish schools are characterised by having a high proportion of female staff. However, statistics show that a proportionately higher number of men hold leadership positions. The aim of this study was to analyse the reasons why this is so, and to determine the motivations and barriers that women encounter in attaining and exercising these positions of greater responsibility and power. Questionnaires were administered to 2,022 female teachers, 430 female principals and 322 male principals. In addition, semi-structured interviews were held with 60 female principals, 14 focus group discussions were held with female principals and 16 autobiographical narratives were compiled with female principals and school inspectors. The reasons identified were related to structural aspects linked to the patriarchal worldview that is still dominant in our society and culture. Nevertheless, we also found motivations among women for attaining and exercising leadership roles. Keywords: social equality, women, management, leadership, discrimination

Female Principals in Education: Breaking the Glass Ceiling in Spain

Las organizaciones escolares espanolas se caracterizan por el alto indice de mujeres que trabajan en ellas. Sin embargo, los datos estadisticos demuestran que el numero de hombres es superior en proporcion en puestos de direccion. El estudio de las razones por las cuales ocurre esto es el principal objetivo de este articulo: las motivaciones y obstaculos que encuentran las mujeres para acceder a estos cargos de mayor responsabilidad y poder y ejercerlos, mediante la aplicacion de cuestionarios a 2.022 profesoras, 430 directoras y 322 directores, asi como 60 entrevistas semiestructuradas a directoras, 14 grupos de discusion con directoras y 16 autobiografias de directoras e inspectoras de educacion. Las causas identificadas tienen que ver con aspectos estructurales, ligados a una cosmovision patriarcal aun dominante en nuestra sociedad y cultura. Pero tambien se han hallado motivaciones para el acceso y desempeno del cargo directivo para las mujeres.Abstract: Spanish schools are characterised by having a high proportion of female staff. However, statistics show that a proportionately higher number of men hold leadership positions. The aim of this study was to analyse the reasons why this is so, and to determine the motivations and barriers that women encounter in attaining and exercising these positions of greater responsibility and power. Questionnaires were administered to 2,022 female teachers, 430 female principals and 322 male principals. In addition, semi-structured interviews were held with 60 female principals, 14 focus group discussions were held with female principals and 16 autobiographical narratives were compiled with female principals and school inspectors. The reasons identified were related to structural aspects linked to the patriarchal worldview that is still dominant in our society and culture. Nevertheless, we also found motivations among women for attaining and exercising leadership roles. Keywords: social equality, women, management, leadership, discrimination

La cultura sexista y la violencia en los videojuegos

Este articulo es el resultado de una investigacion desarrollada a lo largo de los anos 2003-2004 por las Universidades de Leon y Valladolid (ambas de Espana), sobre los contenidos y valores promovidos por los videojuegos de mayor exito comercial entre los adolescentes y jovenes. La metodologia de investigacion empleada ha sido de corte cuantitativo, no experimental y mediante encuesta descriptiva. Las herramientas que hemos empleado en esta investigacion conforman un amplio bagaje de instrumentos de evaluacion, donde los cuestionarios (5000 repartidos por toda Espana), los estudios de caso (22 con 44 participantes), las entrevistas (60), los grupos de discusion (13), las observaciones de campo (20), el analisis grafico de las revistas en primera linea de mercado (las 14 revistas mas vendidas pertenecientes a los anos 2002, 2003 y 2004), el analisis videografico de los videojuegos mas vendidos (250 videojuegos mas vendidos), nos han aportado toda la informacion que, a priori, pretendiamos, con una gran riqueza de detalles. La principal conclusion a la que hemos llegado en nuestra investigacion es que todos los videojuegos analizados que, a su vez, usan nuestros adolescentes y jovenes entre los 7 y los 23 anos, tienden a promover una cultura sexista que podemos denominar como “cultura del macho”, y un gran culto a la violencia de todo tipo. Palabras clave: videojuegos, cultura sexista, violencia, racismo, medios.