Euclides Reuter de Oliveira

Degradabilidade in situ da matéria seca, proteína bruta e fibra em detergente neutro, de diferentes gramíneas, em novilhos suplementados com misturas múltiplas

The experiment was conducted with the purpose of evaluating the effect of different mineral supplements on the degradability of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber in cattle on pasture, at Escola Agrotecnica Federalxa0 de Cuiaba - MT, from July to November, 2001. It was utilized 12 steers.xa0 Twelve steers aged 18 months and average weight of 240 kilograms, from several breedings and rumen fistulated, were utilized. From the differing management of the pasture, the area was divided into six padlocks, provided with covered drinker and feeder. The rotated grazing with 14 days occupation and the stocking rate of 1 animal/ha was utilized. The treatments were: T0 - pasture withoutxa0 mineralsxa0 (control); T1 - pasture with mineralized salt; T2 - Pasture with mineralized salt plus urea; T3 - Pasture with mineralized salt plus urea plus corn; T4 - pasture with mineralized salt plus urea plus soybean meal;xa0 T5xa0 -xa0 pasturexa0 withxa0 mineralizedxa0 saltxa0 plus urea plus soybean meal plus corn. The sample of forage was obtained by the technique of simulated grazing andxa0 homogenized. Thexa0 foragexa0 used in the degradability trialxa0 showed a mean of 8.4% of CP and 77.2% of NDF on the DM basis and was incubatedxa0 in natura with 37.2% DM. The in situ ruminal degradabilityxa0 was obteinedxa0 withxa0 thexa0 nylonxa0 bagxa0 technique.xa0 Eachxa0 nylonxa0 bagxa0 containedxa0 20 mgxa0 DM/cm2 xa0xa0ofxa0 surface and incubated in rumen for 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96 hours. The potential and effective degradability and the undegradable fraction of DM, CP and NDF were analyzedxa0 utilizing the Randomized Block Design with six treatments and six replicates and means compared by the Scott Knott test. The blocks were arranged by considering each fistulated animal. The results obtained showed that, for the effective degradability of DM, there was difference (P 0.05) by the treatments. Feeding nitrogen and/or energy source in supplement provided efficient and effective degradability ofxa0 DM, on average, 6.8% bigger than the others without these sources.

Inoculation of Lactobacillus buchneri alone or with Bacillus subtilis and total losses, aerobic stability, and microbiological quality of sunflower silage

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of inoculation of Lactobacillus buchneri (L. buchneri) alone or with Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) on gas and effluent losses, chemical composition, in vitro digestibility of nutrients, aerobic stability, and microbiological quality of sunflower silage. A randomized experimental design was used, which contained 3 treatments, each one included 15 mini-silos. Mini-silos were distributed to the following treatments: (1) Control (CON), without inoculants; (2) L. buchneri alone (LB), inoculation at 2.6u2009×u20091010u2005cfu/g; and (3) L. buchneri with B. subtilis (LBu2009+u2009BS), inoculation at 2.6u2009×u20091010u2005cfu/g and 1u2009×u2009109u2005cfu/g with L. buchneri and B. subtilis, respectively. Treatments were applied at 2u2005g/t of fresh forage ensiled. Silages with microbial inoculants had lower DM content, and higher in vitro digestibility of DM and neutral detergent fibre than CON. Inoculants decreased the number of aerobic bacteria, mould, and yeast, and increased the counts of lactic acid bacteria in sunflower silage. L. buchneri exhibited positive effects on aerobic stability, in vitro digestibility of nutrients and decreased the counts of mould and yeast, but did not show a synergistic effect with B. subtilis on sunflower silage.

Recombinant bovine somatotropin on heifer’s biometric measures, bodyweight, blood metabolites, and dry matter intake predictions

This study aimed to determine the influence of sustained-release recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) injections on biometrics measures, bodyweight (BW), average BW gain, observed and predicted DM intake, accuracy of recent methods to estimate DM intake, blood metabolites, haematological profile and rectal temperature in dairy heifers. Thirty Holstein heifers (132 ± 27 kg BW and 6.2 ± 0.35 months of age) were used in a complete randomised design experiment. Heifers were assigned to treatments: (1) Control (CON), 250 mL of saline solution, or (2) rbST, 250 mg of sustained-release rbST every 15 days. Treatments were injected in the subcutaneous of ischiorectal fossa or subscapular region in a regular alternating manner (right and left side) every 15 days throughout a period of 90 days. Prediction of DM intake was calculated using either non-linear or linear models for heifers in tropical conditions. rbST injections increased the average values of thoracic perimeter, length, and rump width in heifers. rbST-treated heifers had higher average BW and BW gain than CON. Regardless of the model applied, both observed and predicted DM intake were higher for heifers rbST-treated in relation to CON. Non-linear model was accurate without significant bias. rbST injections elevated blood glucose and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration in heifers. No differences were detected on haematological profile and rectal temperature of heifers. rbST injections every 15 days to growing heifers promoted animal performance by increasing biometrics measures and BW gain. In addition, non-linear model was accurate to predict DM intake of heifers.

Degradabilidade ruminal da matéria seca e proteína bruta, e tempo de colonização microbiana de oleaginosas, utilizadas na alimentação de ovinos - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v33i4.11388

This study evaluated in situ ruminal degradability of grains of linseed, canola, rapeseed and corn, whole cottonseed, as well as soybean hulls and soybean meal, in sheep. Three Santa Ines sheep were fistulated and fitted with rumen cannulas. The animals were housed in individual stalls, receiving chopped grass and concentrated feed daily. Feeds were incubated in descending order of 72, 48, 24, 18, 6, 3 and 0h. Protein content was 34.77% for canola, 30.07% for rapeseed, 23.70% for linseed, 10.64% for corn, 26.12% for cottonseed, 14.65% for soybean hulls, and 56.90% for soybean meal. Canola and rapeseed showed low effective degradability of DM, with mean value of 33.68%. Linseed grain had DM degradability of 64.24%, with 87.89% potential degradable fraction. Corn grain showed soluble fraction of 12.33% and 39.67% degradation for DM. Soybean meal was within normal parameters of degradation, with 52.61% for DM and 52.83% for CP. For linseed, canola and rapeseed, average protein degradability value was 18.34%. The evaluated grains showed low effective degradability for dry matter and crude protein.

Cinética da digestão ruminal da casca de café (Coffea arabica, L.) em vacas da raça holandesa

Com o objetivo de avaliar a cinetica da digestao ruminal pela tecnica da degradabilidade in situ, da materia seca (MS), proteina bruta (PB) e fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) de racoes isoenergeticas e isoproteicas, com 16% de PB e diferentes niveis (0, 10, 20, 30 e 40%) de substituicao do milho desintegrado com palha e sabugo (MDPS) por casca de cafe, conduziu-se um experimento no Departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Lavras - UFLA, Lavras - Minas Gerais, Brasil, com 3 vacas da raca holandesa, com cânulas ruminais, nas quais foram incubadas amostras de volumoso, casca de cafe, MDPS e racoes experimentais por 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 e 96 horas. Os dados de degradabilidade foram ajustados para uma regressao nao-linear pelo metodo de Gauss-Newton. Pelos resultados obtidos, pode-se avaliar que, com o aumento dos niveis de casca de cafe, a degradabilidade efetiva da MS das racoes apresentou-se semelhante a da racao sem esse residuo, observando-se tambem uma tendencia de aumento da degradabilidade efetiva da PB. Porem, com a FDN, o efeito foi de reducao da degradabilidade efetiva. Conclui-se que a substituicao do MDPS pela casca de cafe, ate o nivel de 40%, nao afetou a degradabilidade efetiva da MS e PB dos concentrados. Entretanto, reduziu a degradabilidade efetiva da FDN.