Eudes Euler de Souza Lucena

Inclusion of oral health teams in the Family Health Program and its impact on the use of dental services

The aim of this study was to determine whether the incorporation of Oral Health Teams (OHT) into the Family Health Program (FHP) led to greater use of dental services in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil. Twenty-two census tracts were studied, 11 located in areas covered by the FHP for at least one year and paired according to socioeconomic criteria with 11 tracts in areas without coverage. The final sample consisted of 4,604 subjects. The areas covered by OHT in the FHP (model 1) were compared to areas covered by the FHP but without OHT (model 2) and to areas covered by traditional primary care services or without any coverage (model 3). In areas covered by model 1, 32% of the population used dental care, whereas in models 2 and 3 the rates were 45.4% and 17.5%, respectively (p < 0.001). With respect to age, model 1 only exceeded model 2 in the age bracket 12 years and under. The study concludes that OHT in the FHP only had a positive impact on the target indicator when compared to model 3.

Prevalência de lesões labiais em trabalhadores de praia e fatores associados

OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence and factors associated with orolabial lesions caused by sun exposure in beach workers. METHODS Cross-sectional study with 362 beach workers from five urban beaches in the city of Natal, northeastern Brazil, from August to December 2010. All subjects completed a validated questionnaire to collect personal, occupational, and health-related information and underwent an orolabial clinical examination by trained examiners. Potential associations between sociodemographic, occupational, and health-related variables and the presence of orolabial lesions were assessed using the chi-square test at a 5% significance level. The multivariate analysis was performed using Poisson regression. RESULTS Of the 362 workers examined, 27.1% had orolabial lesions. Of these, 76.8% were males, 61.6% dark or black skinned, 94.5% informal workers, and 85.4% reported sun exposure. Most (81.1%) reported using sun protection methods including sunscreen (38.7%), lip balm (15.3%), and cap/hat (72.4%). Twenty-eight percent reported smoking and 48% regular drinking. Sun protection with cap/hat was associated with orolabial lesions caused by sun exposure. CONCLUSIONS There was found a high prevalence of orolabial lesions in workers exposed to sunlight that was associated with the use of a cap/hat as a sun protection method.OBJETIVO: Analisar a prevalencia de lesoes labiais decorrentes da exposicao solar e potenciais associacoes em trabalhadores de praia. METODOS: Estudo transversal com 362 trabalhadores de cinco praias urbanas em Natal, RN, de agosto a dezembro de 2010. Os participantes responderam um questionario validado com dados pessoais, de ocupacao e de saude e passaram por exame clinico dos labios feito por pesquisadores calibrados. As possiveis associacoes das variaveis sociodemograficas, ocupacionais e de saude geral com a presenca de lesoes labiais foram avaliadas pelo teste do qui-quadrado para um nivel de significância de 5%. A analise multivariada foi feita utilizando-se a regressao robusta de Poisson. RESULTADOS: Dos trabalhadores examinados, 27,1% apresentavam lesoes labiais. Desses, 76,8% eram do sexo masculino; 61,6% tinham pele morena ou negra; 94,5% trabalhavam informalmente; e 85,4% trabalhavam expostos ao sol. A maioria (81,1%) relatou uso de algum tipo de fotoprotecao: protetor solar (38,7%); protetor labial (15,3%); bone/chapeu (72,4%). Aproximadamente 28% eram fumantes e 48% consumiam alcool regularmente. A fotoprotecao com uso de bone/chapeu foi associada a presenca de lesoes labiais decorrentes da exposicao solar. CONCLUSOES: Observou-se alta prevalencia de lesoes labiais nos individuos expostos ao sol, a qual foi associada ao uso de bone/chapeu como forma de fotoprotecao.

Nuclear organization of the substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area and retrorubral field of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus): A cytoarchitectonic and TH-immunohistochemistry study

It is widely known that the catecholamine group is formed by dopamine, noradrenaline and adrenaline. Its synthesis is regulated by the enzyme called tyrosine hydroxylase. 3-hydroxytyramine/dopamine (DA) is a precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline synthesis and acts as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. The three main nuclei, being the retrorubral field (A8 group), the substantia nigra pars compacta (A9 group) and the ventral tegmental area (A10 group), are arranged in the die-mesencephalic portion and are involved in three complex circuitries - the mesostriatal, mesolimbic and mesocortical pathways. These pathways are involved in behavioral manifestations, motricity, learning, reward and also in pathological conditions such as Parkinsons disease and schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to perform a morphological analysis of the A8, A9 and A10 groups in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus - a neotropical primate), whose morphological and functional characteristics support its suitability for use in biomedical research. Coronal sections of the marmoset brain were submitted to Nissl staining and TH-immunohistochemistry. The morphology of the neurons made it possible to subdivide the A10 group into seven distinct regions: interfascicular nucleus, raphe rostral linear nucleus and raphe caudal linear nucleus in the middle line; paranigral and parainterfascicular nucleus in the middle zone; the rostral portion of the ventral tegmental area nucleus and parabrachial pigmented nucleus located in the dorsolateral portion of the mesencephalic tegmentum. The A9 group was divided into four regions: substantia nigra compacta dorsal and ventral tiers; substantia nigra compacta lateral and medial clusters. No subdivisions were made for the A8 group. These results reveal that A8, A9 and A10 are phylogenetically stable across species. As such, further studies concerning such divisions are necessary in order to evaluate the occurrence of subdivisions that express DA in other primate species, with the aim of characterizing its functional relevance.

Adoption of photoprotection measures on lip and perioral regions among beach workers in North Brazil.

Workers from various occupational groups stand out as being more susceptible to photodamage. Behaviors that can reduce the risk of onset of these disorders include the limitation or reduction of sun exposure, use of photoprotective clothing, and correct use of sunscreen. The present study aimed to verify the use of photoprotection measures by beach workers on the lips and perioral regions, as well as investigate possible associations with sociodemographic, occupational, and health variables.

Serotonergic fibers distribution in the midline and intralaminar thalamic nuclei in the rock cavy (Kerodon rupestris)

The thalamic midline/intralaminar complex is part of the higher-order thalamus, which receives little sensory input, and instead forms extensive cortico-thalamo-cortical pathways. The midline thalamic nuclei connect with the medial prefrontal cortex and the medial temporal lobe. On the other hand, the intralaminar nuclei connect with the fronto-parietal cortex. Taking into account this connectivity pattern, it is not surprising that the midline/intralaminar complex has been implicated in a broad variety of cognitive functions, including memory process, attention and orientation, and also reward-based behavior. Serotonin (5-HT) is a neurotransmitter that exerts different post-synaptic roles. Serotonergic neurons are almost entirely restricted to the raphe nuclei and the 5-HT fibers are distributed widely throughout the brain, including the midline/intralaminar complex. The present study comprises a detailed description of the morphologic features and semiquantitative analysis of 5-HT fibers distribution in the midline/intralaminar complex in the rock cavy, a typical rodent of the Northeast region of Brazil, which has been used by our group as an anatomical model to expand the comprehension about phylogeny on the nervous system. The 5-HT fibers in the midline/intralaminar nuclei of the rock cavy were classified into three distinct categories: (1) beaded fibers, which are relatively fine and endowed with large varicosities; (2) fine fibers, with thin axons and small varicosities uniformly distributed in whole axon; and (3) stem axons, showing thick non-varicose axons. Moreover, the density of 5-HT fibers is variable among the analyzed nuclei. On the basis of this diversity of the morphological fibers and the differential profile of optical density among the midline/intralaminar nuclei of the rock cavy, we conclude that the serotonergic system uses a diverse morphologic apparatus to exert a large functional repertory in the midline/intralaminar thalamic nuclei.

Prevalence and factors associated with orolabial lesions in beach workers

OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence and factors associated with orolabial lesions caused by sun exposure in beach workers. METHODS Cross-sectional study with 362 beach workers from five urban beaches in the city of Natal, northeastern Brazil, from August to December 2010. All subjects completed a validated questionnaire to collect personal, occupational, and health-related information and underwent an orolabial clinical examination by trained examiners. Potential associations between sociodemographic, occupational, and health-related variables and the presence of orolabial lesions were assessed using the chi-square test at a 5% significance level. The multivariate analysis was performed using Poisson regression. RESULTS Of the 362 workers examined, 27.1% had orolabial lesions. Of these, 76.8% were males, 61.6% dark or black skinned, 94.5% informal workers, and 85.4% reported sun exposure. Most (81.1%) reported using sun protection methods including sunscreen (38.7%), lip balm (15.3%), and cap/hat (72.4%). Twenty-eight percent reported smoking and 48% regular drinking. Sun protection with cap/hat was associated with orolabial lesions caused by sun exposure. CONCLUSIONS There was found a high prevalence of orolabial lesions in workers exposed to sunlight that was associated with the use of a cap/hat as a sun protection method.OBJETIVO: Analisar a prevalencia de lesoes labiais decorrentes da exposicao solar e potenciais associacoes em trabalhadores de praia. METODOS: Estudo transversal com 362 trabalhadores de cinco praias urbanas em Natal, RN, de agosto a dezembro de 2010. Os participantes responderam um questionario validado com dados pessoais, de ocupacao e de saude e passaram por exame clinico dos labios feito por pesquisadores calibrados. As possiveis associacoes das variaveis sociodemograficas, ocupacionais e de saude geral com a presenca de lesoes labiais foram avaliadas pelo teste do qui-quadrado para um nivel de significância de 5%. A analise multivariada foi feita utilizando-se a regressao robusta de Poisson. RESULTADOS: Dos trabalhadores examinados, 27,1% apresentavam lesoes labiais. Desses, 76,8% eram do sexo masculino; 61,6% tinham pele morena ou negra; 94,5% trabalhavam informalmente; e 85,4% trabalhavam expostos ao sol. A maioria (81,1%) relatou uso de algum tipo de fotoprotecao: protetor solar (38,7%); protetor labial (15,3%); bone/chapeu (72,4%). Aproximadamente 28% eram fumantes e 48% consumiam alcool regularmente. A fotoprotecao com uso de bone/chapeu foi associada a presenca de lesoes labiais decorrentes da exposicao solar. CONCLUSOES: Observou-se alta prevalencia de lesoes labiais nos individuos expostos ao sol, a qual foi associada ao uso de bone/chapeu como forma de fotoprotecao.

Plasticity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Mouse Bone Marrow in the Presence of Conditioned Medium of the Facial Nerve and Fibroblast Growth Factor-2

A number of evidences show the influence of the growth of injured nerve fibers in peripheral nervous system as well as potential implant stem cells (SCs). The SCs implementation in the clinical field is promising and the understanding of proliferation and differentiation is essential. This study aimed to evaluate the plasticity of mesenchymal SCs from bone marrow of mice in the presence of culture medium conditioned with facial nerve explants and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2). The growth and morphology were assessed for over 72 hours. Quantitative phenotypic analysis was taken from the immunocytochemistry for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), protein OX-42 (OX-42), protein associated with microtubule MAP-2 (MAP-2), protein β-tubulin III (β-tubulin III), neuronal nuclear protein (NeuN), and neurofilament 200 (NF-200). Cells cultured with conditioned medium alone or combined with FGF-2 showed morphological features apparently similar at certain times to neurons and glia and a significant proliferative activity in groups 2 and 4. Cells cultivated only with conditioned medium acquired a glial phenotype. Cells cultured with FGF-2 and conditioned medium expressed GFAP, OX-42, MAP-2, β-tubulin III, NeuN, and NF-200. This study improves our understanding of the plasticity of mesenchymal cells and allows the search for better techniques with SCs.

Occupation and factors associated with exposure to the sun among beach workers

Subjects were selected from five urban beaches to characterize the type of work conducted on urban beaches in the city of Natal, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, and determine potential associated factors among workers exposed to the sun. Data collection was based on a validated questionnaire. Results were obtained for 362 workers. Individuals were predominantly male (72.6%) who worked under direct exposure to the sun (87.8%). Almost 95% had no more than 6 years of schooling and 87.91% earned an average monthly income of

State of the art in the treatment of mandibular fractures caused by firearms: case report

318.75 dollars or more. Photoprotection was reported by 80.1%, among which sunscreen and caps/hats were predominant. Around 25% smoked and more than half did not consume alcohol. Male gender, no more than 6 years of schooling, daily exposure for up to 6 hours and use of photoprotection were the factors associated with the outdoor work category.

Expansion and Phenotypic Changes of Mouse Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Cells Cultured with FGF-2 and Facial Nerve-Conditioned Medium

Injuries to the face represent a significant risk to the health of the individual, mainly because of its significance, both functional, because it houses sensory organs and part of the respiratory and digestive systems, as well as esthetic. In this scenario, gunshot wounds in this location cause great concern on account of the magnitude of the damage, and the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology team must act so that the treatment enables the rehabilitation of the patient in the shortest possible time, with a minimum of complications and sequelae. The objective of this study is to report a clinical case of a 19-year-old female patient with a comminuted fracture of the mandible body caused by a firearm projectile, treated immediately with stable internal fixation using the 2.00 mm plate-screw system for simplification of the fracture and a 2.4 mm reconstruction locking-plate on the bone gap. Relevant aspects of the surgical technique and tactics are reviewed and long-term follow-up of the patient is presented. Indexing terms: Firearms. Internal fixation of fractures. Mandible. Therapeutics.