Faisal Qadeer

Corporate social responsibility and employee’s desire: a social influence perspective

ABSTRACT Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is an increasingly important topic in management, especially in organizational behavior field across the globe; however, this concept is still in its infancy in Pakistan. In this study, we examined the effect of employees’ perceptions about CSR on their Desire to have a Significant Impact through Work (DSIW). We suggested the serial mediation of organizational identification and organizational pride in this relationship. The time-lag data of middle managers were collected from a well-known Pakistani firm that is actively engaged in CSR. The data consist of 187 observations and were analyzed using structural equation modeling in AMOS software. The results show that CSR positively affects employees’ identification that in turn make employees proud of their organizational membership and finally pride leads to employees’ DSIW. The study contributes in CSR and organizational behavior literature and provides managerial implication to enhance the positive psychological state of employees.

Impact of Job Embeddedness on Leave Intention: An Understanding from Higher Education (HE) System

Most of the researchers have focused on work-related attitudes and employment alternatives to explain leave intension (or turnover intention) of employees. Job embeddedness framework integrates both work and non-work related factors to explain employee’s turnover rather than only work related dimension. This paper presents the results of an empirical survey conducted in higher education institutions to validate job embeddedness construct in a new context. Out of the two types of embeddedness, our findings fully supports that organization embeddedness has a negative impact on leave intension, however, there is no impact of community embeddedness. In addition, job alternative positively relates to leave intention. Some items of community and organization link dimensions of the composite measure have also been improved.

Disease Severity, Quality of Life, and Psychiatric Morbidity in Patients with Psoriasis with Reference to Sociodemographic, Lifestyle, and Clinical Variables: A Prospective, Cross-Sectional Study from Lahore, Pakistan

BACKGROUND Psoriasis is an immune-mediated, chronic disease with a genetic background that involves skin, nails, and joints. The incidence of psoriasis varies from 2.0% to 4.0% depending on the geographical location, ethnic background, and environmental conditions. Recent research has proved that psoriasis is a systemic inflammatory disease with extensive systemic implications. Objectives of the study were to explore the severity of psoriasis, dermatology-related quality of life, and psychiatric health of the patients with reference to sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical characteristics. METHOD Consecutive patients with psoriasis (ICD-10 criteria) from skin outpatient clinics of 3 tertiary care hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan, between November 1, 2012, and December 31, 2012, were assessed in this prospective cross-sectional study. The final sample includes 87 patients who were evaluated for severity of psoriasis (Psoriasis Area Severity Index [PASI]), dermatology-related quality of life (Dermatology Life Quality Index [DLQI]), and psychiatric morbidity (12-item General Health Questionnaire [GHQ-12]) and were assessed on 23 sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical variables. RESULTS Of the 23 variables, the PASI was significantly associated with education and habit of drinking alcohol (P < .05), the DLQI was significantly associated with disturbed eating (P < .05), and the GHQ-12 score was significantly associated with hair disease (P < .05), current income (P < .05), and disturbed eating and sleeping (P < .01). The PASI, DLQI, and GHQ-12 were not usually affected by sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors, except for some variables such as education of the patient, alcohol intake, eating and sleeping disturbance, and income status. A statistically significant correlation (P < .01) was found between all 3 scores (ie, PASI, DLQI, and GHQ-12). The correlation coefficients of the PASI with the DLQI and GHQ-12 are 0.345 and 0.460, respectively, and that of the DLQI with the GHQ-12 is 0.635. A moderating effect of the DLQI score was found on the relationship between the PASI and GHQ-12 scores. CONCLUSIONS Psoriasis has an immense impact on the life of patients and common comorbidities in psoriasis including coronary heart disease, depression, cerebrovascular disease, and metabolic syndrome. Screening for these comorbidities in psoriasis patients is essential. Impaired quality of life negatively affects the psyche of patients and initiates coping mechanisms, which may lead to depression and anxiety, social dysfunction, and loss of confidence, and the psychosocial burden of the disease may become more than the physical burden. The dermatologist usually manages physical disease and fails to address the social, emotional, and psychological aspects. Quality of life improves if these psychological aspects are also properly dealt with.

How Leader Member Exchange Impacts Employees’ Perceptions of Organizational Support, Embeddedness and Satisfaction: Some Evidences from Pakistan

LMX research in Asian context is limited. In addition to the direct impact of LMX on employee outcomes, researches call for investigating intervening mechanism. Therefore, the current study on the base of social exchange theory proposes perceived organizational support (POS) and organizational embeddedness (OE) as mediating mechanism between LMX and the three employee outcomes (i.e. job satisfaction, job performance and leave intention). Further, it investigates the predictive role of POS and OE towards generating the employee outcomes. The study utilizes probability proportionate to size sampling to select 209 dyads of 24 retail banking branches of a large private multinational commercial bank. Data was collected through two questionnaires. Linear and hierarchical regression was used to test study hypotheses. Study results show predictive role of LMX towards generating POS, OE, job satisfaction and leave intention. Further, predictive and mediating role of POS and OE for job satisfaction is supported. Study discusses the results and provides a number of theoretical and practical implications along with limitations and future directions.

Reasons of Debt Specialization: Understanding the Perspectives of Small and Large Organizations

Debt specialization (DS) has become a wide spread phenomenon among organizations during the recent years, However, the reasons of DS among small and large organizations are yet to be fully known. This paper aims to empirically find whether small and large firms pursue DS strategy for similar reasons or for different one. By using 7 years’ panel data of 419 non-financial companies, the comparative results confirm the existence of DS across organizations. Small companies follow it to reduce expected bankruptcy cost, for economizing information asymmetry, decreasing agency conflicts and due to limited ingress to the debt market. While large companies include few types of debt to reduce operational risk, flotation cost and for building good reputation. We suggest several theoretical justifications for these results. The usage of short term debts is considerably important for all types of organizations irrespective of size.