Felipe Hashimoto Fengler

USE OF SELF-ORGANIZING MAPS IN THE IDENTIFICATION OF DIFFERENT GROUPS OF RECLAMATION SITES IN THE AMAZON FOREST-BRAZIL

Brazil has the third largest reserve of contained tin, around 12.3% of the amount produced in world, being a large part of these reserves located in the Amazon region. As a result of this mineral wealth, the Amazonian ecosystem has been suffering a rapid process of environmental degradation since the sixties. In this sense, given the mining adverse consequences to the environment, Brazilian Constitution obligate the land reclamation of degraded areas by mining and it has been performed by the majority of the mining companies. However, given the environment complexity and its relationship with the biological diversity, there is a great necessity of better understanding in assessment of evolution of these degraded areas in recovery. Thus, the present work had as objective identifying different groups of degraded areas in reclamation process by means of soil texture, biochemistry and vegetation indicators. The data was analyzed through Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) Self Organizing Maps (SOMs). The results showed four different groups and it was identified a relationship between the different textures soils as a result to the recovery method applied.

Environmental diagnosis in areas with different use and occupation using the perception of diverse biological activity

In Brazil, the degradation of soil and landscape by urban and agricultural frontiers expansion leads to the need for comprehensive studies and consider the diverse biological activities generated from different interventions in the landscape, becoming an instrument for assessing the impacts and the decision for its environmental management. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different forms of occupation of the landscape, considering ecological elements and their interactions. The work was carried out on the Instituto Agronomico in the county of Jundiai, in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The area under study has been subjected to different use and occupancy for a period of about 40 years. During this period the landscape has been transformed, with the current scenario can be classified as a degraded area mining; grassy area; Araucaria forest and pasture. These areas were evaluated by means of a transect, from which ten sampling sites were selected for the description of diverse biological activities, which included: evaluation and description of ground cover, identifying the presence of fungus and insect species. Furthermore, we evaluated in these points the pH, fertility and porosity of the topsoil (0-0.10 m). The results showed a variation of the elements analyzed and a relationship between the use and occupation of land in the different scenarios of Environmental Impact 129 www.witpress.com, ISSN 1743-3541 (on-line) WIT Transactions on Ecology and The Environment, Vol 162,

Choice Of Revegetation Techniques For Degraded Areas Using Environmental Damage Assessment In The Amazon Forest, Brazil

The success in environmental recovery process is highly dependent on the knowledge of the characteristics of the new environment formed. Knowledge about historical degradation, activities developed, aspects and negative environmental impacts of human activity, allied with the characteristics of the new environment formed, allows the definition of effective strategies to the environmental recovery process. In this sense there is a necessity to develop more effective techniques and proposals for environmental recovery in degraded areas especially those that are located in regions with high environmental relevance, and explored by activities which promote a high degree of change in the environmental components. This paper presents a methodology for recovery of mined areas, using the assessment of environmental damage to define the recovery strategies. The work was developed in the Amazon ecosystem in a region explored by Cassiterite mining. The environmental damage was assessed in terms of the physical and biotic environment components, listed from the environmental aspects and impacts of historical exploration. Physical and chemical analyzes of degraded substrates were used to support zoning processes and to select the recovery activities. The methodology allowed identifying different degraded conditions in substrates, and determining the most affected environmental components. It was possible to define appropriate actions to recover the location, consolidating a methodology to manage degraded areas by mining and other activities with similar levels of environment alteration.

NEURO-FUZZY MODELING: A PROMISING ALTERNATIVE FOR RISK ANALYSIS IN URBAN AFFORESTATION MANAGEMENT

1 Received on 04.11.2016 accepted for publication on 12.12.2017. 2 Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Engenharia Ambiental, São José dos Campos, SP Brasil. E-mail: <adrianobressane@ymail.com> and <adriano.bressane@ict.unesp.br>. 3 Prefeitura Municipal de Nova Prata, Nova Prata, RS Brasil. E-mail: <florestal@novaprata.gov.br>. 4 Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus de Sorocaba, Sorocaba, São Paulo Brasil. E-mail: <carloshbiagolini@ig.com.br>. 5 Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Engenharia Ambiental, Sorocaba, SP-Brasil. E-mail: <roveda@sorocaba.unesp.br> and <sandra@sorocaba.unesp.br>. 6 Universidade Católica de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Ambiental, Campinas, SP Brasil. E-mail: <felipe_fengler@hotmail.com>. *Corresponding author.

Environmental assessment using landscape analysis methodology: the case of the Jundiaí Mirim river basin, Southeast Brazil

Environmental damage and impacts from anthropogenic activities has led to the need for methodological development for its evaluation to subsidize environmental and human health management models. In this context, landscape analysis is a technique that incorporates a set of methods and procedures for understanding and explaining the structure, properties, indexes and parameters influenced by the occupation and use of the land. The main goal of this research was to present an environmental assessment methodology to represent the landscape, in simplified form, in order to identify environmental damage and impacts, to establish criteria and to propose management models for the Jundiai Mirim river basin, Sao Paulo state, Brazil. This approach integrates fundamental methodological procedures through compartmentation, stratification, highlighted elements, characterization and evaluation of the landscape, considering physical, biotic and anthropogenic indicators. The results show its potential for educational, research and extension proposals because of its simple and expeditious character. Therefore it was possible to obtain a landscape efficiency index, clear and objective, that promoted the understanding of the landscape. As guidelines for the river basin management we highlighted soil conservation plans, solid waste management and sanitation in urban areas, and land use planning to protect the supply reservoir of Jundiai city.

Soil erodibility assessment in a pasture and forest remnant using the Inderbitzen device

Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Departamento de Engenharia Ambiental, Sorocaba, Av. Tres de Marco, 511, Alto da Boa Vista, CEP 18087180, SP, Brasil