Francine Baltazar Assad

The Role of Social Support for Patients with Mental Disorders in Primary Care in Brazil

ABSTRACT The aim of this article was to identify the health care providers and other agencies in a given region where psychiatric patients included in the study reside. In addition, we evaluated how these patients perceive social support for specific needs related to mental health. This study was carried out using fieldwork and face-to-face semistructured interviews with 25 patients who were receiving psychiatric treatment through primary health care. We performed structural analysis of the data focusing on relationship structure. We identified that a significant number of health care providers were involved with the patients; however, some of them were ignored by patients interviewed. Participants cited mostly general practitioners, psychiatrists, and nurses, as professional references.

Mental health in the Family Health Strategy as perceived by health professionals.

Objective: to analyze the management of mental health needs in primary care as perceived by Family Health Strategy professionals. Method: this was a qualitative descriptive exploratory study developed within the coverage area of five family health teams. The data were collected using observation, group interviews, individual semi-structured interviews, and focus groups. Content analysis was conducted using text analysis software and interpretation was based on the corresponding analytical structures. Results: numerous and challenging mental health demands occur in this setting, for which the teams identified care resources; however, they also indicated difficulties, especially related to the operationalization and integration of such resources. Conclusion: there is a need for a care network sensitive to mental health demands that are better coordinated and more effectively managed. Objetivo: analisar o manejo das necessidades de saúde mental na atenção primária à saúde de acordo com a percepção dos profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Método: estudo qualitativo, descritivo exploratório, desenvolvido no território de abrangência de cinco equipes de saúde da família. Os participantes foram cinco enfermeiras, cinco coordenadores e 17 agentes comunitários de saúde. Os dados foram coletados utilizando observação, entrevistas grupais, entrevistas individuais semiestruturadas e grupos focais. Fez-se a análise de conteúdo com o auxílio de um Software de análise textual, e a interpretação baseou-se nas estruturas analíticas correspondentes. Resultados: inúmeras e desafiadoras demandas de saúde mental têm sido acolhidas nesse setting, para as quais as equipes identificaram recursos de atendimento; no entanto, apontaram dificuldades, sobretudo relacionadas à operacionalização e integração destes recursos. Conclusão: destaca-se a necessidade de uma rede de cuidados sensível a tais demandas, mais articulada e gerida de modo eficaz.

Mental health care situation in family health units: perceptions of community health agents

Se trata de una investigacion descriptiva cualitativa, con 17 Agentes Comunitarios de Salud tuvo como objetivo analizar la percepcion de estos profesionales con respecto a las situaciones de salud mental frecuente. Las tareas de los agentes comunitarios de salud son la identificacion, prevencion, promocion de la salud de las familias en el territorio. Se les considera actores importantes en la identificacion de las necesidades de salud mental en la atencion primaria. Para la recoleccion de datos se utilizo la observacion y dos grupos focales. Para el analisis de los datos se utilizo la perspectiva estructuralista. El metodo utilizado fue la observacion del territorio y grupos focales. Los resultados mostraron que estos profesionales tienen una vision amplia de las necesidades de salud mental y que los recursos de atencion de salud se insertan en una propuesta intersectorial. Estos profesionales, aunque las dificultades que senalan, estan desarrollando acciones basadas en las tecnologia ligeras, y no necesariamente centrado en la enfermedad. Se concluye que estos aspectos refuerzan el poder de la agentes comunitarios de salud como actores de practicas de salud mental y importante vinculo entre el servicio de salud y la comunidad.This was a qualitative, descriptive study, performed with 17 Community Health Agents. The aim was to analyze the perception of these professionals regarding the most frequent mental health cases in the region. Data was collected through observation of the region and two focus groups. We used the structuralist perspective for the analysis. The results showed that these professionals perceived mental health demands from an expanded concept of health, in which the resources fit together between the various sectors. They deal with difficulties, develop actions based on soft technologies and do not necessarily focus on the disease. It was concluded that these elements reinforce the power of the Community Health Agents as performers of mental health care practices and as an important link between the healthcare service and the community. DESCRIPTORS: Primary health care. Family health. Mental health. Community health workers.

SITUAÇÕES DE SAÚDE MENTAL NAS UNIDADES DE SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA: PERCEPÇÃO DOS AGENTES COMUNITÁRIOS DE SAÚDE

Se trata de una investigacion descriptiva cualitativa, con 17 Agentes Comunitarios de Salud tuvo como objetivo analizar la percepcion de estos profesionales con respecto a las situaciones de salud mental frecuente. Las tareas de los agentes comunitarios de salud son la identificacion, prevencion, promocion de la salud de las familias en el territorio. Se les considera actores importantes en la identificacion de las necesidades de salud mental en la atencion primaria. Para la recoleccion de datos se utilizo la observacion y dos grupos focales. Para el analisis de los datos se utilizo la perspectiva estructuralista. El metodo utilizado fue la observacion del territorio y grupos focales. Los resultados mostraron que estos profesionales tienen una vision amplia de las necesidades de salud mental y que los recursos de atencion de salud se insertan en una propuesta intersectorial. Estos profesionales, aunque las dificultades que senalan, estan desarrollando acciones basadas en las tecnologia ligeras, y no necesariamente centrado en la enfermedad. Se concluye que estos aspectos refuerzan el poder de la agentes comunitarios de salud como actores de practicas de salud mental y importante vinculo entre el servicio de salud y la comunidad.This was a qualitative, descriptive study, performed with 17 Community Health Agents. The aim was to analyze the perception of these professionals regarding the most frequent mental health cases in the region. Data was collected through observation of the region and two focus groups. We used the structuralist perspective for the analysis. The results showed that these professionals perceived mental health demands from an expanded concept of health, in which the resources fit together between the various sectors. They deal with difficulties, develop actions based on soft technologies and do not necessarily focus on the disease. It was concluded that these elements reinforce the power of the Community Health Agents as performers of mental health care practices and as an important link between the healthcare service and the community. DESCRIPTORS: Primary health care. Family health. Mental health. Community health workers.

Situaciones de salud mental en las unidades de salud familiar: percepción de los agentes comunitarios de salud

Se trata de una investigacion descriptiva cualitativa, con 17 Agentes Comunitarios de Salud tuvo como objetivo analizar la percepcion de estos profesionales con respecto a las situaciones de salud mental frecuente. Las tareas de los agentes comunitarios de salud son la identificacion, prevencion, promocion de la salud de las familias en el territorio. Se les considera actores importantes en la identificacion de las necesidades de salud mental en la atencion primaria. Para la recoleccion de datos se utilizo la observacion y dos grupos focales. Para el analisis de los datos se utilizo la perspectiva estructuralista. El metodo utilizado fue la observacion del territorio y grupos focales. Los resultados mostraron que estos profesionales tienen una vision amplia de las necesidades de salud mental y que los recursos de atencion de salud se insertan en una propuesta intersectorial. Estos profesionales, aunque las dificultades que senalan, estan desarrollando acciones basadas en las tecnologia ligeras, y no necesariamente centrado en la enfermedad. Se concluye que estos aspectos refuerzan el poder de la agentes comunitarios de salud como actores de practicas de salud mental y importante vinculo entre el servicio de salud y la comunidad.This was a qualitative, descriptive study, performed with 17 Community Health Agents. The aim was to analyze the perception of these professionals regarding the most frequent mental health cases in the region. Data was collected through observation of the region and two focus groups. We used the structuralist perspective for the analysis. The results showed that these professionals perceived mental health demands from an expanded concept of health, in which the resources fit together between the various sectors. They deal with difficulties, develop actions based on soft technologies and do not necessarily focus on the disease. It was concluded that these elements reinforce the power of the Community Health Agents as performers of mental health care practices and as an important link between the healthcare service and the community. DESCRIPTORS: Primary health care. Family health. Mental health. Community health workers.

O teatro espontâneo do cotidiano como um instrumento terapêutico nas ressignificações de ser um portador de transtorno mental

The spontaneous theater of everyday life is an important tool for mental health care. This study aimed to understand the meaning of being a carrier of a mental disorder and to create possibilities for resignification. To this end, five individuals of a Psychosocial Care Center participated in 12 meetings, during which the technique of Spontaneous Theater of Everyday Life was used; they were filmed and interviewed and the content was transcribed and analyzed qualitatively, from a Symbolic interactionism approach. Seven categories were created, whose themes were related to the meaning of being a carrier of a mental disorder, and they provided insights into the normative issues and the suffering that results from daily losses. Paths of possibilities, renovation, overcoming and expectations were presented, with the spontaneous theater of everyday life as a facilitator of interaction and expression, which provides a creative construction that searches for solutions for the challenges of everyday life, thus being an important tool in psychosocial rehabilitation. deScripTorS: Mental disorders. Mental health. Rehabilitation. Occupational therapy.O teatro espontâneo do cotidiano constitui-se em importante ferramenta na assistencia a saude mental. Este estudo objetivou compreender o significado de ser um portador de transtorno mental e oferecer um instrumento para ressignificacoes. Para isso, cinco usuarios de um Centro de Atencao Psicossocial participaram de 12 encontros, utilizando-se a tecnica do Teatro Espontâneo do Cotidiano, que foram filmados, e os usuarios, submetidos a entrevistas, cujos conteudos foram transcritos e analisados de forma qualitativa, na otica do Interacionismo Simbolico. Identificaram-se sete categorias com temas relativos aos significados de ser um portador de transtorno mental, que revelaram percepcoes acerca de questoes normativas e do sofrimento pelas perdas cotidianas. Foram indicados caminhos de possibilidades, renovacao, superacao e de expectativas, sendo o teatro espontâneo do cotidiano um facilitador da interacao e expressao, propiciando uma construcao criativa em busca de solucoes para problematicas da vida cotidiana, constituindo-se, assim, em uma ferramenta significativa na reabilitacao psicossocial.

El teatro espontaneo del cotidiano como un instrumento terapéutico nas resignificaciones de ser un portador de trastorno mental

The spontaneous theater of everyday life is an important tool for mental health care. This study aimed to understand the meaning of being a carrier of a mental disorder and to create possibilities for resignification. To this end, five individuals of a Psychosocial Care Center participated in 12 meetings, during which the technique of Spontaneous Theater of Everyday Life was used; they were filmed and interviewed and the content was transcribed and analyzed qualitatively, from a Symbolic interactionism approach. Seven categories were created, whose themes were related to the meaning of being a carrier of a mental disorder, and they provided insights into the normative issues and the suffering that results from daily losses. Paths of possibilities, renovation, overcoming and expectations were presented, with the spontaneous theater of everyday life as a facilitator of interaction and expression, which provides a creative construction that searches for solutions for the challenges of everyday life, thus being an important tool in psychosocial rehabilitation. deScripTorS: Mental disorders. Mental health. Rehabilitation. Occupational therapy.O teatro espontâneo do cotidiano constitui-se em importante ferramenta na assistencia a saude mental. Este estudo objetivou compreender o significado de ser um portador de transtorno mental e oferecer um instrumento para ressignificacoes. Para isso, cinco usuarios de um Centro de Atencao Psicossocial participaram de 12 encontros, utilizando-se a tecnica do Teatro Espontâneo do Cotidiano, que foram filmados, e os usuarios, submetidos a entrevistas, cujos conteudos foram transcritos e analisados de forma qualitativa, na otica do Interacionismo Simbolico. Identificaram-se sete categorias com temas relativos aos significados de ser um portador de transtorno mental, que revelaram percepcoes acerca de questoes normativas e do sofrimento pelas perdas cotidianas. Foram indicados caminhos de possibilidades, renovacao, superacao e de expectativas, sendo o teatro espontâneo do cotidiano um facilitador da interacao e expressao, propiciando uma construcao criativa em busca de solucoes para problematicas da vida cotidiana, constituindo-se, assim, em uma ferramenta significativa na reabilitacao psicossocial.

The spontaneous theatre of everyday life as a therapeutic instrument in the resignification of being a carrier of a mental disorder

The spontaneous theater of everyday life is an important tool for mental health care. This study aimed to understand the meaning of being a carrier of a mental disorder and to create possibilities for resignification. To this end, five individuals of a Psychosocial Care Center participated in 12 meetings, during which the technique of Spontaneous Theater of Everyday Life was used; they were filmed and interviewed and the content was transcribed and analyzed qualitatively, from a Symbolic interactionism approach. Seven categories were created, whose themes were related to the meaning of being a carrier of a mental disorder, and they provided insights into the normative issues and the suffering that results from daily losses. Paths of possibilities, renovation, overcoming and expectations were presented, with the spontaneous theater of everyday life as a facilitator of interaction and expression, which provides a creative construction that searches for solutions for the challenges of everyday life, thus being an important tool in psychosocial rehabilitation. deScripTorS: Mental disorders. Mental health. Rehabilitation. Occupational therapy.O teatro espontâneo do cotidiano constitui-se em importante ferramenta na assistencia a saude mental. Este estudo objetivou compreender o significado de ser um portador de transtorno mental e oferecer um instrumento para ressignificacoes. Para isso, cinco usuarios de um Centro de Atencao Psicossocial participaram de 12 encontros, utilizando-se a tecnica do Teatro Espontâneo do Cotidiano, que foram filmados, e os usuarios, submetidos a entrevistas, cujos conteudos foram transcritos e analisados de forma qualitativa, na otica do Interacionismo Simbolico. Identificaram-se sete categorias com temas relativos aos significados de ser um portador de transtorno mental, que revelaram percepcoes acerca de questoes normativas e do sofrimento pelas perdas cotidianas. Foram indicados caminhos de possibilidades, renovacao, superacao e de expectativas, sendo o teatro espontâneo do cotidiano um facilitador da interacao e expressao, propiciando uma construcao criativa em busca de solucoes para problematicas da vida cotidiana, constituindo-se, assim, em uma ferramenta significativa na reabilitacao psicossocial.