Francisco Casimiro Filho

Matriz de insumo-produto para a economia turística brasileira: construção e análise das relações intersetoriais

This study aimed to analyze the tourism contributions to the Brazilian economy, considering the productive framework of 1999. For that, it was aimed to characterize the inter-sectors relations focusing on sectors that form the tourism segment. In order to perform this study it was needed to share the input-output matrix constituted to the country into sectors which were considered touristy and non-touristy In the analysis, it was used, the linkage index of Hirschmann-Rasmussem, the field of influence, the pure linkage. The linkages inter-sector indexes allowed the identification of key-sectors, considering the input-output model here developed and the level of aggregation used. Among the sectors classified as key-sectors, using the most extensive concept, six (06) were initially considered as compounds of the tourism segment: regular air transport, non-regular air transport, travel agents and agencies, supporting activities of air transport, hotels and other types of temporary accommodation, restaurants and other food establishments. In face of this, it is pointed out the importance of implementing policies and programs to promote the development of the sector of tourism in Brazil, considering that tourism contributes to the growth of the national economy.

MIBRA-USP, an interregional applied general equilibrium model for the Brazilian economy

On the external side Brazil has experienced since the beginning of the 1990’s an opening process of its economy in a world environment were there have been a wide process of block formation (European Union, Nafta, Mercosur, etc.), on the internal side the Brazilian Real Plan in 1994 has started a period of relative stabilization in the economy that after more than two decades of high inflation has finally brought it under control. The above factors seem to have contributed to structural changes in Brazilian economy. These structural changes were not equally distributed among the sectors and the regions in the Brazilian economy. As an instrument that can be used to evaluate the impact of the economic policies over the regional development in the Brazilian economy, this work presents an interregional Applied General Equilibrium (AGE) model, MIBRA-USP, constructed for the 16 most important sectors in the economy as well as for the 5 Brazilian macro-regions (North, Northeast, Central West, Southeast, and South), calibrated for the year of 1995. This model follows in the tradition of the MONASH-MRF (Multiregional Multisectoral Model of Australian Economy) constructed for the Australian economy and as such the model is solved using the GEMPACK software and their solutions are giving in growth rates. This model is a development over two other previous AGE models, in the Australian tradition, constructed for the Brazilian economy: a) the PAPA model (Guilhoto, 1995) that is a national model with a data base in 1980; and b) the B-MARIA model (Haddad, 1998), an interregional model consisting of 3 regions (North, Northeast, and Rest of the Economy) and calibrated for 1985. The simulations conducted with the MIBRA-USP model were chosen in a way to study how the regions and sectors in the Brazilian economy would react to different sets of economic policies.

Exchange Rate Versus Tariff Policies in Brazil: Results from MIBRA-USP, an Interregional Applied General Equilibrium Model of the Brazilian Economy

Since the beginning of the 1990’s Brazil has been experienced an opening process in the economy, which in turn has caused structural changes in the productive structure. In this work it is made an evaluation of the different impacts caused by changes in the exchange rate and in the tariffs over the Brazilian economy and its 5 macro regions. The study is done through the use of an interregional applied general equilibrium model, the MIBRA-USP. The results show that either a devaluation of the exchange rate or an increase in tariffs can cause a rise in the employment level as well as in the economic activity. However, there are differences between the policies, among which it is called attention for the real consumption of the families that decreases with the exchange rate devaluation and increases with higher tariffs.

CONTEXTUALIZANDO A TRANSPOSIÇÃO DO RIO SÃO FRANCISCO: considerações sobre a integração entre o projeto e demandas das comunidades rurais

The Brazilian semi-arid region is a largely inhabited region and historically exposed to problems of water shortage caused by unstable climatic conditions that lead to recurrent periods of drought. The supply of water resources in the region permeates decisions that involve changes in the social, economic and environmental spheres of local development. After years of centralized actions, defined and implemented

Dinâmica e Diferenciação de Sistemas de Produção no Semiárido Brasileiro: Agriculturas do Município de Pentecoste, Ceará

Este artigo estudou a realidade complexa das unidades de producao agropecuaria do municipio de Pentecoste, estado do Ceara. O objetivo foi identificar os tipos de agricultores e caracterizar seus sistemas de producao, relacionando-os ao desenvolvimento local. Utilizou-se uma abordagem sistemica, procurando-se integrar as dimensoes social, economica, ambiental e tecnologica. Foram utilizados 163 questionarios obtidos atraves de entrevistas diretas com os produtores. Pode-se constatar que grande parte dos agricultores familiares do municipio encontra-se em uma situacao de extrema fragilidade social, praticando uma agricultura de subsistencia, e dependendo de rendas fora da atividade produtiva como trabalho assalariado e transferencias governamentais, como Bolsa Familia e Seguro Safra. A baixa renda obtida e o despreparo para as intemperies climaticas (seca prolongada) a que sao submetidos permitem concluir que estes produtores conseguem assegurar minimamente sua reproducao social. Por outro lado, constata-se igualmente que os agricultores que implementaram os sistemas de producao fundamentados na pecuaria e na irrigacao associada a producao de coco e banana obtiveram indicadores de desempenho economico e social satisfatorios que possibilitam ultrapassar o nivel de reproducao social minimo.

Sociedade, natureza e desenvolvimento: uma investigação sob a perspectiva dos alunos do PRODEMA

O desenvolvimento sustentavel tornou-se a principal alternativa de crescimento socioeconomico da atualidade. A constatacao de que o meio ambiente nao sera capaz de suportar os desequilibrios ecologicos despertou o interesse dos pesquisadores universitarios que sao formadores de opiniao, lideres estudantis e mentores intelectuais a buscarem modelos sustentaveis, visando preservar e garantir a qualidade de vida dos alunos sem comprometer a disponibilidade dos recursos naturais futuros. Este artigo tem como objetivo fazer uma investigacao relatando a visao dos alunos do Mestrado e do Doutorado da Pos-Graduacao em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente sobre a preservacao ambiental na perspectiva social, ambiental e economica, propondo alternativas que resultem nas melhorias e nos cuidados com os recursos ambientais. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como exploratoria-descritiva, qualiquantitativa, bibliografica e estudo de caso, sendo a coleta de dados realizada atraves da tecnica de questionario. Este foi aplicado junto a comunidade academica que se pretendeu investigar. Foram distribuidos 30 questionarios, sendo que apenas 14 foram respondidos e entregues para analise. O trabalho permitiu identificar que a insercao da disciplina (que aborda aspectos da sustentabilidade) no programa de pos-graduacao colabora para o desenvolvimento academico e profissional dos individuos, alem de contribuir para o melhor desempenho diante das questoes ambientais.