Fujuan Feng

Biogeographical distribution of bacterial communities in Changbai Mountain, Northeast China

The broad‐leaved and Korean pine mixed forest in Changbai Mountain, China is an important component of boreal forest; the area is sensitive to global climate change. To understand spatial distribution patterns of soil bacterial community along elevation, we analyzed the soil bacterial community diversity and composition along an elevational gradient of 699–1177 m in a primitive Korean pine forest in Changbai Mountain using the high‐throughput sequencing. In total, 149,519 optimized sequences were obtained. Bacterial Shannon index increased along elevation from 699 m to 937 m and started to decrease at the elevation of 1,044 m, showing a humpback curve along elevation. Evenness (ACE index) and richness (Chao index) of the soil bacterial community both decreased with elevation (the highest values of 770 and 762 at 699 m and the lowest values of 548 and 539 at 1,177 m, respectively), all the indices are significantly different between elevations. Bacterial composition at phylum and genus levels had some differences between elevations, but the dominant bacterial populations were generally consistent. Beta‐diversity analysis showed a distance‐decay pattern of bacterial community similarity at different samples. Soil physical and chemical properties explained 70.78% of the variation in bacterial community structure (soil pH explained 19.95%), and elevational distance only explained 8.42%. In conclusion, the contemporary environmental disturbances are the critical factors in maintaining the bacterial spatial distribution compared with historical contingencies.

Growth performance and genetic gain of hybrid Pinus koraiensis

A study was conducted to analyze the height, diameter at breast height of fifteen families from hybrid Pinus koraiensis testing forests. Results showed that there were abundant variations in these characters between families and within families, the highest growth of the largest family was three times than the smallest difference between the families, the diameter was also three times, traits within each plant family was 1 times. The family heritability of tree height, diameter at breast height was 0.700 and 0.697. Genetic Gain was 40.7% and 38.4%. Selected five excellent families: 139, 154, 306, 144, 2200, compared with the control, tree height, diameter at breast height were increased 86% 80% 141% 112% 97% 148% 90% 81% 95% 87%.