Xiuxiu Wang

Antioxidative, anti-inflammation and lung-protective effects of mycelia selenium polysaccharides from Oudemansiella radicata

The present work was designed to investigated the antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and pulmonary protective effects of SMPS and MPS from Oudemansiella radicata on LPS-induced lung injured mice. The results demonstrated that SMPS showed potential effects on relieving lung injury and preventing oxidative stress, reflecting by decreasing the serum levels of C3, CRP and GGT, increasing the pulmonary activities of SOD, GSH-Px, CAT and T-AOC, as well as down-regulating the MDA and LPO contents, respectively. Furthermore, the levels of TNF-α (224.211±3.12ng/mL), IL-1β (254.557±2.18ng/L), and IL-6 (18.214±0.15ng/L) in BALF of mice treated with SMPS at the dosage of 400mg/kg/d significantly lower than that in the lung injured mice. These conclusions indicated that both SMPS and MPS possessed potent antioxidants and anti-inflammation activities, and could be used as functional foods and natural drugs in preventing lung injury.

Hepatoprotective and in vitro antioxidant effects of native depolymerised-exopolysaccharides derived from Termitomyces albuminosus

In this study, native depolymerised-exopolysaccharides (DEPS) were successfully derived from the exopolysaccharides (EPS) of Termitomyces albuminosus, and its hepatoprotective effects against a high-fat emulsion and in vitro antioxidant activities were investigated. Based on the results of in vitro assays, DEPS showed superior antioxidant activities compared with EPS dose-dependently. According to the in vivo assays both EPS and DEPS significantly decreased the lipid levels, improved the enzymatic activities, and reduced lipid peroxidation in both serum and hepatic homogenates. Furthermore, EPS and DEPS attenuated the high-fat emulsion-induced histopathological injury to the liver. Both EPS and DEPS might be used as natural drugs to treat and protect against hyperlipidaemia and liver injury induced by a high-fat emulsion. In addition, based on the results of GC and HPLC analyses, rhamnose and low molecular weight compounds may play an important role in contributing to the antioxidant activities of EPS and DEPS.

Characterization, antioxidation, anti-inflammation and renoprotection effects of selenized mycelia polysaccharides from Oudemansiella radicata

The present work investigated the characteristics, antioxidative, anti-inflammative and renoprotective effects of mycelia selenized polysaccharides (MSPS) from Oudemansiella radicata on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced kidney damaged mice. The results demonstrated that both MSPS and mycelia polysaccharides (MPS) showed potential renoprotective effects reflecting by decreasing the serum levels of CRE, BUN and UA, increasing the nephritic enzyme activities of SOD, GSH-Px, CAT and T-AOC, reducing the activities of MPO, as well as down-regulating the contents of MDA and LPO, respectively. And the MSPS showed superior effects. Furthermore, the selenium contents and physical properties of polysaccharides were investigated by FAAS, GC, HPGPC, FT-IR, NMR and AFM analysis, and the results indicated that MSPS was a homogeneous heteropolysaccharide with an average molecular weight of 3.12×104Da. These results may provide theoretical basis in applying natural and functional foods for the prevention and alleviation of kidney damages and its complications.

Anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects of alkali-extractable mycelia polysaccharides by Pleurotus eryngii var. tuolensis

In this study, we noted that the Al-MPS from Pleurotus eryngii var. tuolensis provoked pharmacological effects on blood lipid profiles and oxidative stress. Animal studies demonstrated that Al-MPS showed potential effects on relieving hyperlipidemia and preventing oxidative stress, reflecting by decreasing the levels of serum enzyme activities (ALP, ALT and AST), restoring the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GSH-Px, CAT and T-AOC), down-regulating the MDA and LPO contents, as well as remitting the hepatic and cardiac tissues injury, respectively. The serum levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C, and HDL-C on mice treated with Al-MPS (500mg/kg bw) reached 2.48±0.08, 1.24±0.03, 0.84±0.02, 0.34±0.02, and 1.80±0.03mmol/L, which were lower/higher against the hyperlipidemia mice. The results clearly indicated that the Al-MPS could be used as a beneficial health food and potentially natural candidate medicine in preventing the high-fat emulsion-induced hyperlipidemia.

Antioxidant Activity and Protective Effects of Enzyme-Extracted Oudemansiella radiata Polysaccharides on Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury

This work was to examine the antioxidation in vitro and hepatoprotective effects of enzyme-extracted Oudemansiella radiata polysaccharides (En-OPS) on alcohol-induced liver damage in mice. The antioxidant activities were determined according to the scavenging effects of En-OPS on hydroxyl, superoxide, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, and the level of reducing power. En-OPS showed hepatoprotective activities on decreasing the serum levels of aspertate aminotransferase (AST), alamine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), as well as hepatic lipid levels of total cholesterol (TC) and triacylglycerols (TG). En-OPS treatment reversed the acute impairment induced by alcohol consumption, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, malondialdehyde (MAD), and lipid peroxide (LPO) elevation; and superoxide dismutase (SOD), GSH peroxide (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) impairment. The En-OPS effectively ameliorated alcohol metabolism by activating alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), and reducing cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) levels. Furthermore, the histopathological observations also displayed that En-OPS could alleviate liver damage. These results indicated that En-OPS could be suitable to be an ingredient of preventing alcoholic liver diseases (ALD). In addition, the preliminary structure characteristics of En-OPS were also analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID).

Purification, in vitro antioxidant and in vivo anti-aging activities of exopolysaccharides by Agrocybe cylindracea

The in vitro antioxidant and in vivo anti-aging activities in D-galactose-induced aging mice of exopolysaccharides (EPS) and its fractions (EPS-1, EPS-2 and EPS-3) by Agrocybe cylindraceas were investigated presently. The scavenging effects of EPS-2 on hydroxyl (HO) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals were 97.1±4.25% and 90.23±3.25%, while the reducing power reached 1.18±0.08 at 120mg/L, which were higher than EPS, EPS-1 and EPS-3 at 1000mg/L. The EPS showed potential anti-aging activities via reducing the contents of malonaldehyde (MDA) and total cholesterol (TC), as well as increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC). Additionally, the monosaccharide analysis showed EPS contained rhamnose and glucose with the molar ratio of 2.8:1. These results demonstrated that EPS could be used as functional foods and natural drugs on preventing and mitigating the aging process.

Processing optimization and anti-oxidative activity of enzymatic extractable polysaccharides from Pleurotus djamor

In present study, a quadratic regression model based on the response surface methodology (RSM) coupled with Box-Behnken design (BBD) was employed to optimize the enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) process of enzymatic-extractable Pleurotus djamor polysaccharides (EnPPs). By solving the regression equations and analyzing the model graphs, the optimum conditions were at pH 7.36, water to material ratio 56.78, extraction time 44.77min and extraction temperature 35.36°C, respectively. Under these conditions, the experimental yields of EnPPs reached 3.61%, which were in good agreement with the validated values (3.57±0.51%). Basic physicochemical properties including molecular weights, structural identification by FT-IR and monosaccharide compositions were processed. In addition, the in vivo inhibiting activities against oxidative stress were investigated. The results provided an alternative bioresource for the exploitation of EnPPs under EAE from P. djamor, and the EnPPs had potential effects in prevention of oxidative stress.

Antioxidant and anti-aging effects of acidic-extractable polysaccharides by Agaricus bisporus

This study was designed to investigate the antioxidant and anti-aging effects of D-galatose-induced (D-gal-induced) aging mice as well as monosaccharide compositions of acidic-extractable polysaccharides (AcAPS) and its major purified fractions (AcAPS-1, AcAPS-2 and AcAPS-3) from the fruiting body of Agaricus bisporus. In the in vitro assays, AcAPS-2 showed superior scavenging activities on hydroxyl (82.98±4.67%) and DPPH (64.47±4.05%) radicals at the concentration of 1.0mg/mL than AcAPS and other polysaccharides fractions. For in vivo anti-aging analysis, AcAPS-2 showed superior effects on hepatic and nephric protection by improving serum enzyme activities, biochemical levels, lipid contents and antioxidant status, respectively. The monosaccharide analysis showed that rhamnose (Rha) and glucose (Glu) may play vital roles in maintaining the antioxidant and anti-aging activities. The results suggested that both AcAPS and its purified fractions might be suitable for functional foods and natural drugs in preventing the acute aging-associated diseases.

Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of intracellular mycelium polysaccharides from Pleurotus geesteranus against alcoholic liver diseases

In the present study, we investigated the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of intracellular mycelium polysaccharides from Pleurotus geesteranus (IMPP) to address acute alcoholic liver diseases (ALD). Animal studies have demonstrated that the hepatic parameters of CYP2E1, MPO, TC, ALT, AST and ALP, HDLC, LDL-C and VLDL-C were improved; the inflammatory factor levels, including TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, were decreased; the hepatic ADH and ALDH activities were inhibited; the activities of the antioxidant enzymes SOD, GSH-Px, CAT and T-AOC were enhanced; and the MDA and LPO contents were reduced by IMPP treatment. Furthermore, the liver histopathology confirmed the beneficial effects of IMPP against ALD in mice, demonstrating that IMPP had the potential to remediate alcoholic hepatitis. Besides the properties of typical pyran-type polysaccharides obtained by β-glycosidic bonding rich in fucose, the results demonstrated that IMPP might be used as a functional food and natural medicine for preventing ALD and its complications.

The regulation of inflammation and oxidative status against lung injury of residue polysaccharides by Lentinula edodes

In present study, two hydrolyzed residue polysaccharides (RPS) of enzymatic-RPS (ERPS) and acidic-RPS (ARPS) were successfully obtained from the residue of Lentinula edodes, and the anti-inflammatory as well as antioxidative effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced (LPS-induced) lung injured mice were investigated. The results demonstrated that ERPS showed superior lung protective effects by ameliorating the lung wet-to-dry weight (W/D) ratio, reducing the TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β levels in BALF, lowing the pulmonary MPO activity, decreasing the serum C3 and hs-CPR contents, as well as improving the antioxidant status by enhancing pulmonary enzyme activities (SOD, GSH-Px, CAT, and T-AOC) and eliminating the lipid peroxidation (MDA and LPO), respectively. These conclusions indicated that both RPS and its hydrolysates (ARPS and ERPS) might be suitable for functional foods and a potentially effective candidate medicine for the treatment of lung injury.