Geane Dias Gonçalves Ferreira

Anatomia e cinética de degradação do feno de Manihot glaziovii

Anatomy and kinetics of degradation of Manihot glaziovii Hay. This study the structural components of cell wall with its degradability, chemical composition, secondary compounds, in situ degradability, anatomy and tissue degradability of the hay of “maniçoba” (wild cassava) from plants in early fruiting, from savanna vegetation in Ibimirim, Pernambuco. The stem showed cells with varied degrees of lignification, highlighting the presence of gelatinous fibers, lignified pith parenchyma and thick cell walls inside the xylem. The leaves were highlighted by the presence of a girder structure, characterized by the great quantity of mesophyll, constituted by cells with thin walls, contributing to the degradability of dry matter. Idioblasts with druses of oxalate were observed around the vascular tissues, in the midrib. It works like defense mechanisms of plant against herbivores and can affect the availability of minerals for animals. “Maniçoba” hay, in spite of its advanced maturity stage (early fruit development), presents adequate chemical composition and low concentration of cianidric acid and tannins. The mains limits to degradability are cell wall thickness and lignification, particularly in stem tissue. Additionally, several aspects reported here induce to the continuity of studies in several focuses and aim to improve the use this specie as forage.

Repetibilidade e respostas de características morfofisiológicas e produtivas de capim-elefante de porte baixo sob pastejo

The objective of this study was to estimate the coefficients of repeatability and determination (R2) and the minimum number of measurements necessary to predict the real value of morphophysiological and yield variables, as well as the responses to sheep-grazing of dwarf elephant grass pasture. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with five treatments - Taiwan A-146 2.27, Taiwan A-146 2.37, Taiwan A-146 2.114, Merker Mexico MX 6.31 and Mott - and four replicates, over five grazing cycles, between September 2008 and April 2009. Mean sward height, leaf area index (LAI), light interception (LI), mean leaf angles (MLA), silage accumulation (SA) and silage accumulation rate (SAR) were evaluated. For the variables LAI, IL and mean sward height of plants, in long cycles, only one measurement was necessary (R2 = 80%) to place them among the most predictable characteristics in the evaluation of elephant grass clones. Assessments for SA and SAR need longer experimental periods for greater reliability in the estimation of response variables. In dwarf elephant grass, light interception increases with sward height and LAI.

Common bean residue as additive in sugarcane silage

The sugarcane has a high content of soluble carbohydrates, thereby resulting in increased production of ethanol during its fermentation. Thus, it is necessary to use an additive that reduces the losses in the nutritional value of the forage during the ensiling process.The objective was to evaluate the use of common bean residue during the sugarcane ensiling process over the silage nutritional quality and fermentation characteristics. Were used 20 silos made of PVC pipes, in which the residue of crude and previously ground common bean processing ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were added to newly chopped sugarcane in the proportions of 0, 50, 100 and 150 g kg -1 of natural forage matter. A randomized design was used and the regression analysis was performed according to the level of beans in silage. The losses from the ensiling process, the aerobic stability of the material, and the silage chemical composition, pH, NH 3 -N and IVDDM were analyzed. The inclusion of increasing levels of bean residue until the level of 150 g kg -1 improved the quality of silages, since there was a reduction in gaseous losses, improvement in food composition and in vitro digestibility of DM, without impairing the silages pH. The residue can be used as additive in sugarcane silage until 150 g kg -1 green material for improving silage fermentation characteristics and dry matter digestibility.

Avaliações Histológicas do Colmo da Brachiaria decumbens Stapf. no Período de Transição Seca - Água na Região Agreste Meridional de Pernambuco

Objetivou-se determinar as proporcoes de lignina e celulose atraves de cortes histologicos em tres estratos do colmo de Brachiaria decumbens Stapf. durante o periodo de transicao seca-agua (11/09/10 a 23/10/10). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado em fatorial 3 x 3 (tres estratos e tres regioes) e as medias comparadas pelo teste Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Foram coletados perfilhos por padroes (1 a 5) os quais foram estabelecidos com base na massa e altura do relvado contido no interior do quadrado. Para a realizacao das analises histologicas as amostras do colmo foram obtidas em tres estratos diferentes (apical, mediano e basal). Os cortes foram corados com solucao de Fasga diluida 1/8 que permitiu que a lignina apresentasse coloracao vermelha e a celulose cor azul. Houve diferenca significativa (P<0,05) entre os estratos dos colmos avaliados apenas para a regiao medular, verificando maior proporcao de celulose. A regiao apical dos colmos e caracterizada por apresentar melhor valor nutricional devido a menor proporcao de lignina. DOI:10.15528/2176-4158/rcpa.v14n1p13-16

Composição da Silagem de Cana-de-Açúcar Enriquecida com Resíduo do Beneficiamento do Feijão Comum

A ensilagem da cana e uma pratica que facilita o manejo do canavial em sistemas de producao animal por melhorar a eficiencia de colheita. Apesar do crescente numero de produtores adeptos a sua adocao, ainda sao escassas as informacoes sobre a qualidade dessas silagens. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da adicao do residuo de feijao durante o processo de ensilagem da cana-de-acucar (Saccharum ssp.) sobre a sua composicao bromatologica. O experimento foi conduzido na UAG/UFRPE, em Garanhuns-PE. Foram utilizados 12 silos de PVC, que permaneceram em local coberto ate a abertura (45 dias). A cana foi enriquecida com niveis crescentes de residuo do feijao (Phaseolus vulgaris L.): 0; 4; 8 e 12% com base na materia natural do volumoso e tres repeticoes. A inclusao do residuo do beneficiamento do feijao durante a ensilagem da cana-de-acucar nao promoveu reducao das perdas de materia seca do material ensilado (P>0,05). Entretanto, houve melhoria significativa do material ensilado, o que pode ser observado a partir dos aumentos (P<0,05) dos niveis de materia seca, proteina bruta e carboidratos nao- fibrosos, alem das reducoes (P<0,05) dos niveis de fibra em detergente neutro e acido. Houve pequeno acrescimo no pH (P<0,05) para os niveis 8 e 12% de residuo, 3,65 e 3,69 unidades respectivamente. A inclusao do residuo de feijao durante a ensilagem da cana-de-acucar apresentou-se tecnicamente viavel. DOI:10.15528/2176-4158/rcpa.v12n2p133-137