Clóves Cabreira Jobim

Características da carcaça de cordeiros alimentados com dietas contendo grãos de milho conservados em diferentes formas

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of corn grains in different forms (corn dry grain, high moisture corn silage, moisturized corn silage) in the diet of confined lambs, and its possible effects on the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the carcass. Twenty male Bergamacia x Corriedade lambs were used. The animals were confined and fed ad libitum, assigned to five treatments consisted of dry corn: high moisture corn silage or moisturized corn silage (0:100, 50:50, 100:0). There was not effect of the treatments on the main carcass characteristics. The average true yield of carcass was 51.5%, while the yield of commercial carcass was 42.4%. Differences were not observed between the variable body condition and conformation of the carcass, in function of the treatments. The variables fat covering, fat color and fat thickness were similar. The forms of the corn grains used in the feeding of the lambs did not affect the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the carcass.

Suplementação de bovinos em pastagem de Coastcross (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers) no verão

This trial was carried out in Luiziana, Northwest of Parana, from June to October 2000. Twenty-four animals with 223 kg of initial body weight and nine months old, from two different genetic groups, ½ Red Angus ½ Nellore (15) and ½ Marchigiana ½ Nellore (9), were used. Animal performance was evaluated, under grazing conditions of Coastcross (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers) and three types of supplementation: grazing Oat + Ryegrass pasture (OR) for four hours/day; 1.2% of body weight (BW) supplement (S); 1.2% of BW supplement + lasalocid (SL). The experimental area consisted of four padocks: three of Coastcross, with 7.35 ha of total area; and one of Oat (Avena strigosa Schreb) and Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam), with two ha. Pasture accumulation and quality were evaluated. After 112 days of experimental period, average daily gain did not show any difference between S and SL (1.063 kg and 1.026 kg, respectively), but both were superior than OR (0.856 kg). Lasalocid addition to supplement did not improve animal performance. These results show that even during the dry period, supplementation (1.2% of BW), with or without lasalocid, or winter pasture, can result in high liveweight.

Chemical composition, fermentation, in vitro digestibility and in situ degradability of sugar cane silages with Lactobacillus, urea and agricultural byproduct

The objective of this study was to evaluate the sugarcane silage in relation to chemical composition, pH, total losses, aerobic stability, in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDDM) and effective degradability (ED) of bovine and buffaloes under the following treatments (on a dry matter (DM) basis): sugarcane silage control (control), with addition of 3.3% urea; with addition of Lactobacillus buchneri (inoculate); with inoculate + 3.3% urea; with inoculate + 25.0% soybean hull, and with inoculate + 25.0% cassava byproduct meal. The experiment was analyzed through a completely randomized design with three replications, and for DM ED, a double 4 × 4 Latin square with a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement was used. The sugarcane variety was the RB-855156 (precocious). The urea increased the protein level and reduced neutral and acid detergent fiber and lignin fractions. Treatments with inoculate + cassava byproduct and inoculate + soybean hull increased DM levels. Bovines presented higher IVDDM than buffaloes. pH values varied from 3.1 to 4.0. Mean total losses observed were 7.8%. Treatments with inoculate + cassava and inoculate + soybean hulls resulted in larger aerobic stability with 61 and 81 hours, respectively, in relation to silages control (24 h) and control with 3.3% urea (33 h). A higher DM ED was verified for silages with inoculate + control and inoculate + soybean hulls at 2%/h passage rates and higher neutral detergent fiber ED for the treatment of control + inoculate + soybean hulls at 2 and 5%/h. Silages treated with urea, L. buchneri or agricultural byproduct plus inoculate presented better quality pattern.

Características morfogênicas do capim-mombaça (Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Mombaça) adubado com fontes de fósforo, sob pastejo

The experiment was carried out from December/2002 to April/2003 and aimed to evaluate the effects of two phosphorus sources (ordinary superphosphate + triple superphosphate and Yoorinâ magnesium thermophosphate), as a function of days (24) and evaluation period (summer and autumn) on leaf appearance interval (LAPI), leaf elongation rate (LER), leaf senescence (TLS), first and last ligule height (FLH; LLH), number of expanded leaves (NEL), number of leaves in expansion (NLE), total number of leaves (TNL), total number of live leaves (TNLL), and grazing return rate (GRR) on mombacagrass (Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Mombaca). The experimental design was randomized blocks with three replications. There was no difference between phosphorus sources in all evaluated variables, except for leaf elongation rate, which was higher in tillers fertilized with the SPS+TSP treatment. Differences were found between evaluation periods, with summer showing higher leaf elongation rate and ligule height (first and last). The days evaluated indicated effect on first ligule height (FLH; LLH), number of expanded leaves (NEL), number of leaves in expansion (NFE), total number of leaves (TNL), total number of live leaves (TNLL), total number of senescent leaves (TLS), and grazing return rate (GRR). For days and period interactions only TNLL and TSL had positive linear correlations.