Glanville Price

Pas (point) without ne in interrogative clauses

Old and Middle French interrogative sentences of the type sez tu pas? have often been interpreted, erroneously, as providing evidence for the early dropping of ne as in modern je sais pas . The construction occurs most widely in Old and early Middle French with point (occasionally pas, mie ) and the particle had a positive or ‘potential’ value (e.g. Quenois le tu point? ‘Do you know him [at all]?’). It was only in late Middle French that, influenced by the increasing use of pas and point in negative clauses, the interrogative clauses in question came to have a negative value.

Discourse and Pragmatic Constraints on Grammatical Choices: A Grammar of Surprises

Part One: Topicality and Centrality I. Discourse salience and staging effects: The grammar of the direct object II. The grammar of whole/part relations III. Reflexive passive versus plain passive IV. Discourse coherence and verbal non-tensed forms: The suppine Part Two: Expectation V. Identity and denial: The pragmatics of same and self VI. Beyond logical operators: Romanian adversative conjunctions Part Three: Grammar and Narrative Strategies VII. The narrative functions of cross-sentential anaphoric subjects VIII. Iconicity in synthax: Past tenses in middle Romanian. In Lieu of Conclusion IX. A multivariable model of gender: When neuter becomes neutral General Bibliography Index of Linguistic Terms

The changing voices of Europe : social and political changes and their linguistic repercussions, past, present and future : papers in honour of Professor Glanville Price

This is a collection of articles that examine sociolinguistic issues in many of the countries of Western Europe. Lanugages do not exist in a vacuum but are affected by the social and political changes that affect their speakers. Such changes can lead to modifications both in the structure of a given language and in how much or how little it is used by the community. The volume deals with the linguistic repercussions of social and political change in Western Europe in a series of articles, by specialists in each area, that range from general surveys to detailed studies of one linguistic variety in a particular historical context. Although the main focus is on the present and on the prospects for the future within a more closely-integrated Europe, the volume also contains several contributions that illustrate the far-reaching effects of social and political developments in language use and structure in past centuries.

Manuscripts and Libraries in the Age of Charlemagne

Foreword Preface List of abbreviations Map: writing centres and writing provinces in the age of Charlemagne 1. Manuscripts in the early Middle Ages 2. Manuscripts in the age of Charlemagne 3. The court library of Charlemagne 4. The court library under Louis the Pious 5. Libraries and schools in the Carolingian revival of learning 6. Palaeography and the transmission of classical texts in the early Middle Ages 7. Benedictine monasteries and the survival of classical literature Bernhard Bischoff, bibliography, 1981-1993 Index of manuscripts Index of authorities cited General index.

The Syntax of Contemporary French: A Pedagogical Handbook and Reference Grammar

Chapter 1 Introduction: Contexts and Concepts Chapter 2 Fundamentals of the Sentence: Sentence Structures Chapter 3 Sentence Transformations Chapter 4 Sentence Reduction and Expansion Chapter 5 Nominal Phrases: Determiners and the Noun or Name Nucleus Chapter 6 The Expansion of Nominals Chapter 7 The Verb: Multi-Verb Formations Chapter 8 Verbs and the Construction Potential Chapter 9 Use of the Tenses Chapter 10 Verb Modifiers Chapter 11 Subordinate Clauses: Noun Clauses Chapter 12 Adverb Clauses Chapter 13 Adjective Clauses Chapter 14 Sentence Modifiers: The Vehicles of Sentence Modification Chapter 15 The Position of Sentence Modifiers Chapter 16 An Analytical Reflection Chapter 17 Synopses: The Subjunctive Chapter 18 Verb-Subject Inversion Chapter 19 The Infinitive Chapter 20 Syntactic Devices of Emphasis Chapter 21 Modification: General and Correlative Structures Chapter 22 Appendices Chapter 23 Glossary Chapter 24 Selected Readings Chapter 25 Index

The Other Languages of England

The scope of this volume, prepared by a multidisciplinary team, the Linguistic Minorities Project (LMP) , is specifically the ‘other languages’ (see below) of England (i.e. not of Britain). It is about ‘what these South and East Asian, Southern and Eastern European languages are, who speaks them and for what purpose’ and about ‘the significance [they] have for their speakers and for society as a whole’ (p. 1). On this and other general topics relating to LMP and its work, see Chapter 1, ‘Introduction’. The range of potentially relevant languages is immense. To quote an extreme case, in 1981 at least 131 different languages were spoken by school-children in London. Some selectivity in the surveys on which this volume is based (see below) was therefore inevitable. The linguistic communities in question are composed for the most part (but of course by no means entirely) of people who arrived in England between 1945 and 1975 and their descendants, and in particular of the following, here listed more or less in chronological order of arrival (see Chapter 2, ‘History and background of linguistic minorities in England’):