Gustavo Sattolo Rolim

Verbalizações de alunos de odontologia sobre a inclusão social de pessoas com deficiência

The aim of this study was to assess different ways students of Dentistry express themselves as they are asked questions concerning individuals with disabilities. A questionnaire consisting of examples of inclusive situations was applied prior to and after a teaching module focusing handicapped patients. Answers to the questionnaire were categorized as positive tendency (e.g. approval), negative tendency (e.g. pitiful), or neutral. Also, distinctions were made between the answers focusing on the individual and those focusing on inclusive actions. Results revealed the highest values for positive responsiveness, increasing after the teaching module application. Answers focusing on the individual showed higher values when compared to those regarding inclusive actions. This study emphasizes the contribution of Human Sciences approaches to dental students learning and their preparation to deal with handicapped patients.The aim of this study was to assess different ways students of Dentistry express themselves as they are asked questions concerning individuals with disabilities. A questionnaire consisting of examples of inclusive situations was applied prior to and after a teaching module focusing handicapped patients. Answers to the questionnaire were categorized as positive tendency (e.g. approval), negative tendency (e.g. pitiful), or neutral. Also, distinctions were made between the answers focusing on the individual and those focusing on inclusive actions. Results revealed the highest values for positive responsiveness, increasing after the teaching module application. Answers focusing on the individual showed higher values when compared to those regarding inclusive actions. This study emphasizes the contribution of Human Sciences approaches to dental students learning and their preparation to deal with handicapped patients.

Changes in salivary microbiota increase volatile sulfur compounds production in healthy male subjects with academic-related chronic stress

Objective To investigate the associations among salivary bacteria, oral emanations of volatile sulfur compounds, and academic-related chronic stress in healthy male subjects. Materials and methods Seventy-eight healthy male undergraduate dental students were classified as stressed or not by evaluation of burnout, a syndrome attributed to academic-related chronic stress. This evaluation was carried out using the Maslach Burnout Inventory—Student Survey questionnaire. Oral emanations of hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, and dimethyl sulfide were measured using an Oral Chroma™ portable gas chromatograph. The amounts in saliva of total bacteria and seven bacteria associated with halitosis were quantified by qPCR. The in vitro production of H2S by S. moorei and/or F. nucleatum was also measured with the Oral Chroma™ instrument. Results The stressed students group showed increased oral emanations of hydrogen sulfide and dimethyl sulfide, together with higher salivary Solobacterium moorei levels (p < 0.05, Mann Whitney test). There were moderate positive correlations between the following pairs of variables: Fusobacterium nucleatum and S. moorei; F. nucleatum and hydrogen sulfide; Tannerella forsythia and F. nucleatum; T. forsythia and S. moorei. These correlations only occurred for the stressed group (p < 0.05, Spearman correlation). The in vitro experiment demonstrated that S. moorei increased H2S production by F. nucleatum (p < 0.05, ANOVA and Tukey’s test). Conclusion The increased amount of S. moorei in saliva, and its coexistence with F. nucleatum and T. forsythia, seemed to be responsible for increased oral hydrogen sulfide in the healthy male stressed subjects.

A Eficácia de Vídeo Informativo sobre Ansiedade em Pacientes Submetidos à Exodontia

Avaliou-se a eficacia de um video informativo sobre ansiedade em pacientes submetidos a exodontia. Acompanharam-se 140 pacientes divididos nos Grupos Controle (GC) e Experimental (GE). Usaram-se aparelho de pressao arterial, Escala de Ansiedade Odontologica de Corah (DAS) e Inventario de Ansiedade de Beck (BAI) nos momentos pre-operatorio imediato, pos-operatorio imediato, pos-operatorio mediato e antes da remocao de sutura. O GE assistiu ao video no primeiro momento. Para analise dos dados, utilizaram-se ANOVA, Teste de Tukey e Teste de Contraste. Os resultados indicaram nao haver diferenca estatistica para pressao arterial sistolica e DAS em nenhum momento. Frequencia cardiaca, pressao arterial diastolica e BAI apresentaram diferenca estatistica entre os grupos nos quatro momentos. Sugere-se a nao eficacia do video para reducao dessas medidas.

Prevalence and correlates of common mental disorders among dental students in Brazil

This study aimed to estimate prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD) and associated factors among dental students. In this cross-sectional study, 230 students answered a questionnaire and instruments to assess CMD (Self Reporting Questionnaire-20), hazardous alcohol consumption (Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test), social support (Social Support Scale), perceptions of academic life (Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure), coping (Ways of Coping Inventory) and resilience (Resilience Scale). Bivariate analysis was conducted using the Chi-Square and Mann-Whitney tests. Logistic regression included all explanatory variableswith p<0.20 in the bivariate analysis, besides sex and academic year. The explanatory variables were analyzed in five successive blocks (backward-stepwise), until all variables presented statistical significance in the final model (p<0.05). The prevalence of CMD was 45.2% (95%CI: 38.7–51.6), with no significant differences between sexes. Students with no extracurricular activities, who had negatively self- assessed their health status and their academic performance, were about four times more likely to present CMD, followed by receiving psychological or psychiatric treatment during university (AOR: 2.65; 95%CI: 1.1–6.1) and those with high scores for confrontive coping (AOR: 1.20; 95%CI: 1.0–1.4). Resilience was a protective factor for CMD among dental students (AOR: 0.93; 95%CI: 0.9–1.0). Aspects related to academic performance, health status and confrontive coping strategies were risk factors to students’ mental health. Individuals with high levels of resilience showed lower prevalence of CMD. Further prospective studies could contribute to understanding the role of resilience among this population.

The effect of a preoperative informative video on the perception of pain in youths undergoing third molar extraction: a randomized clinical trial

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The extraction of the third molar is an invasive procedure and is potentially traumatic for the patient. Preparatory procedures may be used for the management of pain and emotional responses, resulting in a better recovery process for patients. The aim of the study evaluates the effects of a preparatory procedure using an animated informative video on post-surgical pain responses after third molar extraction on youths during the postoperative follow-up. METHODS: 140 patients undergoing third molar extraction were randomly divided into two groups: control (CG) and experimental (EG). For pain assessment, the short-form McGill pain questionnaire was given once before the procedure and four times after the surgery, and the amount of postoperative analgesic consumption was recorded. The informative video was presented to the EG after the first assessment. For data analysis, ANOVA and Tukey tests (p < 0.05) were used. Data analysis indicated that the EG patients reported reduced pain perception for all pain indexes. RESULTS: Significant between-group differences were observed for Sensory and Affective Rank Pain Indexes (PRI-S and PRI-A, respectively), as well as for Global Assessment, at stages 2, 3 and 4 (p=0.0001; p=0.0027; p=0.0001). For Present Pain Intensity, a significant difference between groups was observed (p=0.0004) at stages 3, 4 and 5. The postoperative consumption of analgesics was lower in the EG (p=0.0001), indicating higher medicine consumption by CG patients. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the preoperative informative video effectively reduced pain perception and the consumption of analgesics.

Informação prévia face a face e controle da dor em exodontia de terceiros molares

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Third molar extraction is an invasive and potentially adverse procedure and may induce pain. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of face to face information on postoperative pain and analgesic consumption in patients undergoing third molar extraction. METHOD: This was a longitudinal study with 123 patients randomly distributed in two groups: Control (CG) and Experimental (EG). McGill Pain Questionnaire- short form (Sensory Pain Rank Index, Affective Pain Rank Index, Present Pain Intensity and Patient Global Assessment of Pain Experience) was used in the following moments: preoperative period, immediate postoperative period, mediate postoperative period I, mediate postoperative period II and suture removal. Face-to-face information was given to EG patients immediately after the preoperative moment. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis, mixed models were used for repeated measures (SAS programs Proc Mixed), in addition to Tukey test (α = 5%). RESULTS: The results suggest a statistically difference between groups in Sensory Pain Rank Index in the immediate postoperative period, showing that immediate postoperative pain report was lower in the group receiving face-to-face information. CONCLUSION: Face-to-face information has decreased postoperative pain. These strategies are critical to establish effective coping responses and to improve postoperative adherence.

Adaptação de um questionário de autoconfiança relacionado a situações-problema em Odontopediatria

This work describes the adaptation of Milgroms questionnaire on self-confidence and ways of dealing with behavior problems faced during pediatric dental treatment. The adaptation of the instrument was approved by experts and was analyzed in terms of quantity, coherence and quality of responses. The results of this study suggest that the questionnaire can contribute to dentists education.

Verbalizaciones de alumnos de odontología sobre la inclusión social de personas con deficiencia

The aim of this study was to assess different ways students of Dentistry express themselves as they are asked questions concerning individuals with disabilities. A questionnaire consisting of examples of inclusive situations was applied prior to and after a teaching module focusing handicapped patients. Answers to the questionnaire were categorized as positive tendency (e.g. approval), negative tendency (e.g. pitiful), or neutral. Also, distinctions were made between the answers focusing on the individual and those focusing on inclusive actions. Results revealed the highest values for positive responsiveness, increasing after the teaching module application. Answers focusing on the individual showed higher values when compared to those regarding inclusive actions. This study emphasizes the contribution of Human Sciences approaches to dental students learning and their preparation to deal with handicapped patients.The aim of this study was to assess different ways students of Dentistry express themselves as they are asked questions concerning individuals with disabilities. A questionnaire consisting of examples of inclusive situations was applied prior to and after a teaching module focusing handicapped patients. Answers to the questionnaire were categorized as positive tendency (e.g. approval), negative tendency (e.g. pitiful), or neutral. Also, distinctions were made between the answers focusing on the individual and those focusing on inclusive actions. Results revealed the highest values for positive responsiveness, increasing after the teaching module application. Answers focusing on the individual showed higher values when compared to those regarding inclusive actions. This study emphasizes the contribution of Human Sciences approaches to dental students learning and their preparation to deal with handicapped patients.

Social inclusion of handicapped persons: what dentistry students say about it

The aim of this study was to assess different ways students of Dentistry express themselves as they are asked questions concerning individuals with disabilities. A questionnaire consisting of examples of inclusive situations was applied prior to and after a teaching module focusing handicapped patients. Answers to the questionnaire were categorized as positive tendency (e.g. approval), negative tendency (e.g. pitiful), or neutral. Also, distinctions were made between the answers focusing on the individual and those focusing on inclusive actions. Results revealed the highest values for positive responsiveness, increasing after the teaching module application. Answers focusing on the individual showed higher values when compared to those regarding inclusive actions. This study emphasizes the contribution of Human Sciences approaches to dental students learning and their preparation to deal with handicapped patients.The aim of this study was to assess different ways students of Dentistry express themselves as they are asked questions concerning individuals with disabilities. A questionnaire consisting of examples of inclusive situations was applied prior to and after a teaching module focusing handicapped patients. Answers to the questionnaire were categorized as positive tendency (e.g. approval), negative tendency (e.g. pitiful), or neutral. Also, distinctions were made between the answers focusing on the individual and those focusing on inclusive actions. Results revealed the highest values for positive responsiveness, increasing after the teaching module application. Answers focusing on the individual showed higher values when compared to those regarding inclusive actions. This study emphasizes the contribution of Human Sciences approaches to dental students learning and their preparation to deal with handicapped patients.