H. Happy

80 GHz field-effect transistors produced using high purity semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes

This paper presents the high frequency performance of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) field-effect transistors, with channel consisting of dense networks of high purity semiconducting SWNTs. Using SWNT samples containing 99% pure semiconducting SWNTs, we achieved operating frequencies above 80 GHz. This record frequency does not require aligned SWNTs, thus demonstrating the remarkable potential of random networks of sorted SWNTs for high frequency electronics.

Flexible Gigahertz Transistors Derived from Solution-Based Single-Layer Graphene

Flexible electronics mostly relies on organic semiconductors but the limited carrier velocity in polymers and molecular films prevents their use at frequencies above a few megahertz. Conversely, the high potential of graphene for high-frequency electronics on rigid substrates was recently demonstrated. We conducted the first study of solution-based graphene transistors at gigahertz frequencies, and we show that solution-based single-layer graphene ideally combines the required properties to achieve high speed flexible electronics on plastic substrates. Our graphene flexible transistors have current gain cutoff frequencies of 2.2 GHz and power gain cutoff frequencies of 550 MHz. Radio frequency measurements directly performed on bent samples show remarkable mechanical stability of these devices and demonstrate the advantages of solution-based graphene field-effect transistors over other types of flexible transistors based on organic materials.

Gigahertz frequency flexible carbon nanotube transistors

We investigate the high frequency performances of flexible field-effect transistors based on carbon nanotubes. A large density of mostly aligned carbon nanotubes deposited on a flexible substrate by dielectrophoresis serves as the channel. The transistors display a constant transconductance up to at least 6GHz and a current gain cutoff frequency (fT) as high as 1GHz at VDS=−700mV. Bending tests show that the devices can withstand a high degree of flexion characterized by a constant transconductance for radius of curvature as small as 3.3mm.

An 8-GHz f/sub t/ carbon nanotube field-effect transistor for gigahertz range applications

In this letter, the authors report on the high-frequency (HF) performance of self-assembled carbon nanotube field-effect transistors. HF device structures including a large number of single-wall carbon nanotubes have been designed and optimized in order to establish a new state of the art. The device exhibits a current gain (|H21| 2) cutoff frequency (ft) of 8 GHz and a maximum stable gain value of 10 dB at 1 GHz, after de-embedding the access pads. Considering such results, nanotube-based circuits with gigahertz performance are now conceivable

Gigahertz characterization of a single carbon nanotube

Carbon nanotubes are intrinsically high impedance objects. The high frequency (HF) characterization of these nano-objects is crucial for applications such as interconnects in future integrated circuits, but still represents a daunting challenge. This letter presents HF characterization of an individual metallic single walled carbon nanotube up to 7 GHz. The equivalent circuit values are directly extracted from these HF measurements without numerical procedure, thus proving that the intrinsic transport parameters of a single carbon nanotube can be determined up to gigahertz frequencies.

Metamorphic In/sub 0.4/Al/sub 0.6/As/In/sub 0.4/Ga/sub 0.6/As HEMTs on GaAs substrate

New In/sub 0.4/Al/sub 0.6/As/In/sub 0.4/Ga/sub 0.6/As metamorphic (MM) high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) have been successfully fabricated on GaAs substrate with T-shaped gate lengths varying from 0.1 to 0.25 /spl mu/m. The Schottky characteristics are a forward turn-on voltage of 0.7 V and a gate breakdown voltage of -10.5 V. These new MM-HEMTs exhibit typical drain currents of 600 mA/mm and extrinsic transconductance superior to 720 mS/mm. An extrinsic current cutoff frequency f/sub T/ of 195 GHz is achieved with the 0.1-/spl mu/m gate length device. These results are the first reported for In/sub 0.4/Al/sub 0.6/As/In/sub 0.4/Ga/sub 0.6/As MM-HEMTs on GaAs substrate.

Active properties of carbon nanotube field-effect transistors deduced from S parameters measurements

AC performances of carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNT-FETs) are analyzed by means of scattering parameters measurements. The active ac properties of CNT-FETs are clearly demonstrated up to 80 MHz and indications of active behavior are obtained up to 1 GHz. From these measurements, a small signal equivalent circuit is proposed and validated up to 10 MHz. The extraction procedure and the determination of the intrinsic ac elements of CNT-FETs are pointed out

The indium content in metamorphic As/As HEMTs on GaAs substrate: a new structure parameter

Abstract State-of-the art metamorphic In x Al 1−x As/ In x Ga 1−x As HEMTs (MM-HEMTs) on a GaAs substrate with different indium compositions x=0.33 , 0.4 and 0.5 have been realized and characterized. The gate lengths Lg are 0.1 and 0.25 μm. These devices have been compared with lattice matched HEMTs on an InP substrate. DC-characteristics of 0.1 μm gate length MM-HEMTs show drain-to-source current Ids of the order of 550–650 mA/mm, and extrinsic transconductance of about 800 mS/mm. Schottky characteristics exhibit a gate reverse breakdown voltage varying from −14 to −7 V for x=0.33 –0.5, with an intermediate value of −10.5 V for x=0.4 . A small signal equivalent circuit of our 0.1 μm MM-HEMTs give intrinsic transconductance higher than 1100 mS/mm, with similar values of 1350 and 1450 mS/mm for x=0.5 and the lattice matched HEMT, respectively. The MM-HEMTs with a gate length of 0.25 μm present a cutoff frequency fT close to 100 GHz. To achieve the same result with pseudomorphic HEMTs on GaAs, a smaller gate length has to be realized, which requires the use of an electron beam lithography and therefore increases the device costs. For L g =0.1 μm, fT reaches 160, 195 and 180 GHz for x=0.33 , 0.4 and 0.5, respectively. These values are close to f T =210 GHz obtained for a lattice matched HEMTs on InP realized with the same technological process. The MM-HEMTs are therefore good alternatives to PM-HEMTs on GaAs and LM-HEMTs on InP in the V bands and W bands while maintaining a GaAs substrate. Moreover, metamorphic In0.4Al0.6As/In0.4Ga0.6As HEMTs exhibit a comparable microwave performance with large voltage operation than the MM-HEMT with a 0.5 indium content and the lattice matched HEMTs. These results indicate that a device with indium content x=0.4 is particularly attractive for the realization of low-noise and power circuits on the same wafer.

HELENA: a new software for the design of MMICs

HELENA, a new software for device optimization and circuit design, is presented. This software provides for any kind of HEMT (high electron mobility transistor) the DC, AC, and noise properties in the centimeter and millimeter wave range. It is very fast, easy to use, and needs only a personal computer. This quasi-2-D modeling approach takes into account many physical phenomena that occur in submicrometer-gate FETs. A complete analysis of a device was carried out, and results are in a good agreement with measurements.<<ETX>>

Modelling of pseudomorphic AlGaAs/GaInAs/AlGaAs layers using selfconsistent approach

A study of pseudomorphic layers properties using a selfconsistent approach is presented. The strain effects are taken into account. Sheet carrier density and capacitance voltage characteristics are related to technological layer parameters. Simple expressions of subband energy well suited for CAD are then deduced.