Hacer Deniz Arisu

In vivo comparison of laser fluorescence measurements with conventional methods for occlusal caries detection

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the laser fluorescence (LF) (DIAGNOdent) measurements comparing with visual examination and conventional bitewing radiography for occlusal caries detection. The study comprised 44 occlusal surfaces. Three examiners independently evaluated the teeth by visual examination, LF measurements, and bitewing radiographs. After the evaluations, the teeth were opened, and the clinical lesion depth was determined. One-way variance analysis (ANOVA) was performed for comparison of observers. The diagnostic performance of three methods was assessed by using non-parametric tests (Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney U, and Spearman rank correlation). No statistically significant difference was found between observers (p > 0.05), and statistically significant difference was found between diagnostic systems (p < 0.01). The correlation of LF measurements with the clinical lesion depth was better than visual examination and bitewing radiography. This result concluded that LF may be a useful adjunct to visual examination, and the diagnostic performance of this device seems to be good for occlusal caries detection.

The Effect of Occlusal Loading on the Microleakage of Class V Restorations

OBJECTIVE This in vitro study evaluated the microleakage of Class V cavities restored with a resin composite and different adhesive systems after occlusal loading. METHODS & MATERIALS Standardized box-shaped Class V cavities were prepared on the buccal side of 135 non-carious human premolars. The teeth were randomly divided into three groups of 45 premolars each and restored as follows: Group 1-two-step total-etch adhesive (Single Bond, 3M) + resin composite (Supreme, 3M ESPE); Group 2-two-step self-etch adhesive (Clearfil SE, Kuraray) + resin composite and Group 3-one-step self-etch adhesive (Xeno III, Dentsply) + resin composite. The restorations were finished with aluminum oxide discs (Sof-Lex, 3M). Fifteen teeth in each group received 10,000 x 100 N and 250 N occlusal loads, respectively, and the remaining 15 teeth served as the control. The premolars were immersed in 2% methylene blue for 24 hours. The dye penetration was examined under a stereomicroscope, and the results were statistically analyzed by Kruskal Wallis, Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon Signed Rank tests to determine differences between the groups. RESULTS Gingival margins showed more dye penetration than occlusal margins in all the tested groups (p<0.05). In all the tested adhesive systems, 100 N occlusal loading did not change dye penetration; however, Groups 1 and 2 exhibited better marginal sealing than Group 3 at the enamel margins under 250 N occlusal loading. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this in vitro study, it may be concluded that enamel margins provided better marginal sealing than dentin/cementum margins and the two-step self-etch adhesive exhibited better marginal sealing than an all-in-one adhesive at the enamel margins under 250 N occlusal loading.

Effect of light-activated bleaching on pulp chamber temperature rise: An in vitro study

This study aimed to compare the pulp chamber temperature changes that occur with the use of different light sources during vital bleaching with and without application of bleaching agents. One hundred and forty-four mandibular incisor teeth were divided into four groups (n = 36) according to the use of halogen light, light-emitting diode, 3 W and 1.5 W diode laser. The teeth in the main groups were divided into three subgroups (n = 12). First subgroup had no bleaching gel application. By White and Whiteness HP were applied with a thickness of 2 mm to the other subgroups respectively. The labial surfaces of the teeth were irradiated with a total time of 20 s. Temperature changes in the pulp chamber were measured and analysed by using anova and Tukey test. The 3 W diode laser induced the highest pulp chamber temperature rise (P = 0.000). Bleaching gel application reduced the temperature changes in the diode laser groups (P < 0.05). Diode laser activation during vital bleaching induces pulp chamber temperature rise, which may cause thermal tissue damage.

The effect of different adhesive system applications on push-out bond strengths of glass fiber posts

PURPOSE Over the past years, the adhesion of fiber posts luted with simplified adhesive systems has been a matter of great interest. The aim of this study was to assess the post retentive potential of a self-adhesive resin cement using different adhesive systems to compare the push-out bond strengths of fiber posts. MATERIALS AND METHODS The post spaces of 56 mandibular premolar roots were prepared and divided into 4 experimental groups and further divided into 2 subgroups according to testing time (n=7). The fiber posts (Rely X Fiber Post) were luted with a self-adhesive resin cement (RelyX Unicem) and one of the following adhesive systems: no adhesive, a total-etch adhesive resin (Single Bond), a two-step self-etch adhesive resin (Clearfil SE Bond) and a one-step self-etch adhesive resin (Clearfil S3 Bond). Each root was cut horizontally, and 1.5 mm thick six root segments were prepared. Push-out tests were performed after one week or three months (0.5 mm/min). Statistical analysis were performed with three-way ANOVA (α=.05). RESULTS Cervical root segments showed higher bond strength values than middle segments. Adhesive application increased the bond strength. For one week group, the total-etch adhesive resin Single Bond showed higher bond strength than the self-adhesive resin cement RelyX Unicem applied without adhesive resin at middle region. For 3 months group, the two-step self-etch adhesive resin Clearfil SE Bond showed the highest bond strength for both regions. Regarding the time considered, Clearfil SE Bond 3 months group showed higher bond strength values than one week group. CONCLUSION Using the adhesive resins in combination with the self-adhesive resin cement improves the bond strengths. The bond strength values of two-step self-etch adhesive resin Clearfil SE Bond improved as time passes.

Effect of post‐space treatments on the push‐out bond strength and failure modes of glass fibre posts

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different post-space treatments on the push-out bond strength and failure modes of glass fibre posts. Forty mandibular premolar roots were cut and endodontically treated. Post spaces were prepared and roots were divided into four groups. In group 1 distilled water irrigation (control), in group 2 2.25% NaOCl irrigation, in group 3 2.25% NaOCl + 17% EDTA irrigation were done and in group 4 diode laser was applied to the prepared post spaces. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis was made for each group. Fibre posts were then luted with resin cement. Each root was prepared for push-out test. Data were statistically analysed with anova (P = 0.05). After push-out test, the failure modes were observed but not statistically analysed. There were statistically significant differences between Group 3 and Group 2 in both regions (P < 0.05), also in the middle region of Group 4 and Group 2 (P < 0.05). Cervical root segments showed higher bond strengths than middle ones in all groups (P < 0.05). The highest bond strength values were obtained from NaOCl/EDTA and the lowest bond strength values were obtained from NaOCl for both regions.

The effect of the application of gaseous ozone and ND:YAG laser on glass‐fibre post bond strength

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the application of gaseous ozone and Nd:YAG laser on glass-fibre post bond strength. Forty-two madibular premolar roots were cut, endodontically instrumented and irrigated with 2.5% NaOCl. Post spaces were prepared and roots were divided into three groups (n = 14). The antimicrobial pretreatment was conducted as follows: gaseous ozone, Nd:YAG laser and control (no additional disinfection methods). Scanning electron microscope analysis was made for each group (n = 2). A resin cement was used for luting the posts. For push-out test, each root was cut horizontally (two cervical, two middle and two apical). Statistical analyses were performed with one-way anova (α = 0.05). Fracture types were observed. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups (P > 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in cervical and apical segments of laser and control groups (P < 0.05). The disinfection of the post spaces with Nd:YAG laser and ozone had no adverse effects on bond strength of glass-fibre post.

Kazein fosfopeptit-amorf kalsiyum fosfat (CPP-ACP) ve floridin ağartma ajanı uygulanmış mine mikrosertliği üzerine etkisi: ex vivo

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) and 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF; pH 3.5) on the microhardness of enamel treated with a bleaching agent. Materials and Method: Enamel slices (n=32; 2×4 mm) were obtained from 8 mandibular permanent molar teeth. Specimens were embedded into acrylic resin blocks with the enamel surfaces facing upwards. Vickers microhardness (VHN) values of the specimens were recorded at baseline. The specimens were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups, and the experimental designation was as follows: Group 1: no treatment (control), Group 2: 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP), Group 3: HP + CPP-ACP, Group 4: HP + APF application. After treatments, VHN values were measured and recorded again. Specimens were stored in artificial saliva at 37 °C for 1 week. After 1 week second application was done and VHN of the specimens was registered once more. Data were statistically analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests. Values obtained at baseline, and first and second applications were compared using paired samples t-test (α=0.05). Results: In inter-group comparisons, no statistically significant difference in the enamel microhardness values was found between the baseline, and first and second applications (p>0.05). In intra-group comparisons, again, no statistically significant difference in the enamel microhardness values was found between the baseline, and first and second applications (p>0.05). Conclusion: According to the limitations of this study it can be concluded that neither the HP application nor the CPP-ACP or APF application after HP had any significant effect on the enamel microhardness.

Post boşluğuna bağlayıcı uygulamalarının kendinden bağlanabilen rezin siman kullanılarak yapıştırılan fiber postların push-out bağlanma dayanımlarına etkileri

Amac: Asiri kron harabiyeti gosteren endodontik tedavili dislerin restorasyonunda kullanilan fiber post sisteminin post bosluguna baglayici rezin uygulanarak ya da uygulanmadan iki farkli kendinden baglanabilen rezin simanla yapistirilmasinin, push-out baglanma dayanimi uzerine etkilerinin incelenmesidir. Gerec ve Yontem: Calismada kullanilan cekilmis 80 adet 1. kucuk azi disi kok kanal preparasyonlari yapildiktan sonra fiber postun (RelyX Fiber Post) yapistirilmasinda kullanilan materyallere gore 4 gruba ayrildi. Grup 1 RelyX Unicem, Grup 2 RelyX Unicem + Adper Easy One, Grup 3 Clearfil SA Cement, Grup 4 Clearfil SA Cement + S3 Bond kullanilarak yapistirildi. Ornekler 24 saat ve 1 aylik surelerde etuvde bekletildikten sonra fiber postun apikal, orta ve koronal bolgelerinden 1 mm’lik horizontal 6 kesit alindi ve push-out baglanma dayanimlari degerlendirildi. Gruplarin karsilastirilmasinda tek yonlu varyans analizi ve Tukey HSD testleri, bekletme surelerinin karsilastirilmasinda bagimsiz degiskenler t-testi kullanildi (α=0.05). Bulgular: Hem 24 saat hem de 1 aylik olcum sonuclarina gore en yuksek baglanma dayanim degerleri Rely X Unicem + Adper Easy One grubunda gozlendi. En zayif baglanti 24 saat sonrasinda postun apikal bolgesinden alinan kesitlerde goruldu, bunu orta ve koronal bolgeler izledi. 1. ay sonunda, apikal ve orta bolge kesitleri benzerlik gosterirken (p>0.05), her iki bolge de koronal bolgeden daha dusuk degerler gosterdi (p<0.05). Apikal ve orta bolgelerde RelyX Unicem + Adper Easy One diger gruplara gore daha yuksek baglanma dayanimi degerleri gosterdi (p<0.05). Sonuc: Bu in vitro test kosullari altinda post simantasyonunda, kendinden baglanabilen rezin simanlarin uygun baglayicilar ile birlikte kullaniminin baglanma dayanimini arttirdigi soylenebilir.

Investigation of eluted monomers from resin-based root canal sealer by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis

Objective: The purpose of the current study was to determine the amount of urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA), poly (ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA), bisphenol A ethoxylated dimethacrylate (Bis-EMA), and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) eluted from resin-based root canal sealer, epiphany, using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Materials and Methods: Epiphany was placed into the plastic molds and light-cured with a light emitting diode. After the curing process, each specimen in the first group (n = 12) was immersed in Eppendorf tubes containing a phosphate-buffered saline solution (PBS) and incubated for 45 s. In the second group, each specimen (n = 12) was immersed in Eppendorf tubes containing PBS and incubated for 24 h. Of the specimen extracts, 100 μL were subjected to HPLC. Analysis of data was accomplished with one-way analysis of variance (P < 0.05). Results: All of the samples eluted HEMA, UDMA, Bis-GMA, PEGDMA, and Bis-EMA. A significant difference was determined between the time periods of HEMA, UDMA, PEGDMA, and Bis-EMA (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of the current study showed that Epiphany releases HEMA, UDMA, Bis-GMA, PEGDMA, and Bis-EMA in both time periods.

Transdental ışık uygulamasının kompozit rezinlerin polimerizasyonu üzerine etkisi

Amac: Bu calismanin amaci, farkli kalinliklarda dentin disklerinin uzerinden transdental isik uygulanmasinin kompozit rezinin polimerizasyonu uzerine etkisini Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) ve Vickers mikrosertlik testleri ile incelemektir. Gerec ve Yontemler: Curuksuz alt 3. buyuk azi dislerin bukkal yuzeylerinden 1, 2 ve 3 mm kalinlikta dentin diskleri hazirlandi. 5 mm capinda ve 2 mm derinliginde teflon kaliplarin ici hibrit tip bir kompozit rezin (Clearfil Majesty Esthetic) ile dolduruldu ve kompozit materyalin icerisine bir ucu dijital termometreye bagli isil cift yerlestirildi. Daha sonra kompozit rezin uzerine Grup 1’de; 1 mm kalinliginda dentin diski, Grup 2’de; 2 mm kalinliginda dentin diski veya Grup 3’de; 3 mm kalinliginda dentin diski yerlestirildi. Takiben kompozit rezin dentin disklerinin uzerinden LED isik cihazi ile 40 sn isik uygulanarak polimerize edildi. Kontrol grubunda ise kompozit rezin ornekler 10 mm kalinliginda bir cam uzerinden polimerize edildi. Her bir grup icin toplam 10 ornek hazirlandi. Polimerizasyon sonrasi dijital termometre ile isi artisi kaydedilen orneklerin besi yuzey sertlik testinde diger besi polimerizasyon miktarinin tespit edilmesi amaciyla kullanildi. Orneklerin polimerizasyon miktari FTIR ile yuzey sertlik olcumleri ise Vickers mikrosertlik olcum cihazi kullanilarak incelendi. Elde edilen bulgularin istatistiksel degerlendirmesi tek yonlu varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve Tukey coklu karsilastirmalari kullanilarak yapildi. Bulgular: Calismada polimerizasyon sirasinda kompozit materyal icerisinde olusan isi artis miktarinin deney gruplari arasinda farklilik gosterdigi gozlendi. En yuksek polimerizasyon miktari 1 mm’lik dentin diskinin kullanildigi Grup 1’de (%95.16), en dusuk polimerizasyon miktari ise 3 mm’lik dentin diskinin kullanildigi Grup 3’de (%77) elde edildi (p