Hadi Riyadi

High participation in the Posyandu nutrition program improved children nutritional status.

The objective of this research was to analyze nutritional status and food consumption of children participating in the Posyandu nutrition program. A total sample of 300 children under five years had been drawn. Sample was divided into two categories namely high participation and low participation in the Posyandu nutrition program. The sample was selected from two sub districts of Cianjur District, West Java. The districts were areas with a high proportion of poor people and many of them take the benefits of Posyandu nutrition program conducted by the government. The participation of children (under five years old) in visiting Posyandus was relatively good, namely, 92.4% (for the high participation group). However, for the low participation group, the number of participating children was relatively low (28.3%). The average consumption of energy for children under five years old was still below the recommended dietary allowance < 80% of RDA, whereas the protein consumption was already above the RDA. The prevalence of underweight, stunting, and wasting among children were respectively 30.0%, 43.7%, and 12.3%. The activities at Posyandus had a positive impact on the nutritional status of children under five years olds, measured in terms of weight for age (W/A) and weight for height (W/H). The more frequent the visit to Posyandus, the better the nutritional statuses would be.

PERBAIKAN STATUS GIZI ANAK BALITA DENGAN INTERVENSI BISKUIT BERBASIS BLONDO, IKAN GABUS (Channa striata), DAN BERAS MERAH (Oryza nivara)

The objective of this study was to assess the micronutrient and nutritional status among female adolescents having low birth weight history and normal birth weight history. Research design for this particular research was nested cohort in community level. Subjects was chosen by simple randomization, based on data collected by Frontiers for Health Foundation and Padjajaran University, Bandung. The measurement of micronutrients status (Hb, retinol plasma, and urinary iodine excretion), anthropometric, history of disease, semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire was collected to make comparison between female young adolescent with low birth weight and normal birth weight history. The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA), vitamin A deficiency (VAD), and iodine deficiency among all subjects were 9.9%, 12.9%, and 40.7%, respectively. The mean concentration of blood hemoglobin, plasma retinol and iodine excretion were not significantly different between low birth weight (LBW) and normal birth weight (NBW) group. Nutritional status, disease during the last three months, current nutritional status, food intake and onset of menstruation were not significantly different between group. In conclusion, micronutrient status, nutritional status, food intake and morbidity status in female adolescents with LBW and NBW history were not different.

PENGEMBANGAN PANGAN FUNGSIONAL BERBASIS PANGAN LOKAL SEBAGAI PRODUK SARAPAN UNTUK REMAJA GEMUK

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to analyze difference and compare the determinants of stunting among under five years children considering different ecosystem in Kupang. It is an observational study using case control of under five children with and without stunting. There were 132 subjects chosen from lowland, middleland region, and mountainous ecosystem zones. Data was analyzed using Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis. The analysis resumes that determinants of stunting in lowland area is energy intake (p=0.002; OR=0.059; 95%CI:0.010-0.359), energy intake is a protective factor, in the middleland region is love and cares (p=0.002; OR=9.247; 95%CI:2.213-38.644) and sanitation (p=0.046; OR=2.832; 95%CI:1.020-7.860). Furthermore, the environmental sanitation as the factor in mountainous area (p=0.034; OR=3.978; 95%CI:1.112-14.230). The impact of stunting if left untreated will cause problems for generation in the future, for example impairment of mental development and physical growth, and it will end in poverty and the threat of life survival, so it need a proper intervention to handle it. Keywords: determinants, ecosystem zone, stunting ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis gambaran dan membandingkan pengaruh variabel faktor penentu stunting anak balita pada berbagai zona ekosistem di Kabupaten Kupang. Jenis penelitian menggunakan desain observational dengan rancangan case control antara kelompok balita stunting dan normal. Jumlah subjek penelitian ini sebanyak 132 subjek yang terbagi pada tiga zona ekosistem dataran rendah, dataran sedang, dan pegunungan pada bulan Maret 2015. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan Analisis Regresi Logistik Berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor penentu stunting pada zona ekosistem di Kabupaten Kupang adalah sanitasi lingkungan (p=0,002; OR=2,307; 95%CI:0,120-0,721), dan kejadian sakit (p=0,007; OR=0,294; 95%CI:0,120-0,721); di zona ekosistem dataran rendah adalah asupan energi (p=0,002; OR=0,059; 95%CI:0,010-0,359) asupan energi sebagai faktor protektif; di zona dataran sedang adalah praktik kasih sayang (p=0,002; OR=9,247; 95%CI:2,213-38,644) dan sanitasi lingkungan (p=0,046; OR=2,832; 95%CI:1,020-7,860) dan di zona eksosistem pegunungan adalah sanitasi lingkungan (p=0,034; OR=3,978; 95%CI:1,112-14,230). Dampak yang ditimbulkan dari stunting jika tidak ditangani akan menimbulkan permasalahan bagi generasi di masa mendatang misalnya perkembangan mental dan pertumbuhan fisik terganggu, dan berakhir pada kemiskinan dan ancaman kelangsungan hidup sehingga memerlukan intervensi yang tepat dalam penanganannya. Kata kunci: faktor penentu, stunting, zona ekosistem

Is vitamin D deficiency associated with using veil in female garment workers

Abstract Objective To find out the determinant factors which are associated with the serum vitamin D status in the female garment workers. Methods This study was a cross sectional design with a total of 154 childbearing female garment workers aging from 18 to 40 who worked at garment factory in Sukabumi, Indonesia and fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Serum 25(OH)D was determined using a chemiluminescence immunoassay method. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing serum vitamin D status. Results The results of this study showed that on average serum 25(OH)D of the workers was 31.6 nmol/L and only 5.2% of them had a sufficient status of vitamin D. There were no different proportion among body mass index, supplement consumption, energy, protein, calcium, and vitamin D adequacy level with the serum vitamin D status of the workers. The workers who wore veils had a higher proportion to have a deficient serum vitamin D compared to workers who did not use veils ( P = 0.000). The women who wore veils had a higher risk of vitamin D deficiency than the women who did not wear any veil. Conclusions A need of vitamin D can be obtained from sunlight. Therefore it is suggested that the garment provide an opportunity for the garment workers to do exercise in the morning so that the workers can get sunlight prior to working.

PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP, DAN PRAKTEK GIZI IBU TERKAIT IODIUM DAN PEMILIHAN JENIS GARAM RUMAH TANGGA DI WILAYAH PEGUNUNGAN CIANJUR

The objective of this study was to assess the micronutrient and nutritional status among female adolescents having low birth weight history and normal birth weight history. Research design for this particular research was nested cohort in community level. Subjects was chosen by simple randomization, based on data collected by Frontiers for Health Foundation and Padjajaran University, Bandung. The measurement of micronutrients status (Hb, retinol plasma, and urinary iodine excretion), anthropometric, history of disease, semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire was collected to make comparison between female young adolescent with low birth weight and normal birth weight history. The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA), vitamin A deficiency (VAD), and iodine deficiency among all subjects were 9.9%, 12.9%, and 40.7%, respectively. The mean concentration of blood hemoglobin, plasma retinol and iodine excretion were not significantly different between low birth weight (LBW) and normal birth weight (NBW) group. Nutritional status, disease during the last three months, current nutritional status, food intake and onset of menstruation were not significantly different between group. In conclusion, micronutrient status, nutritional status, food intake and morbidity status in female adolescents with LBW and NBW history were not different.

KONSUMSI SUPLEMEN ATLET REMAJA DI SMA RAGUNAN JAKARTA

ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the determinant factors that influence the breakfast habits in children in public primary schools in Pondok Labu, South Jakarta. The cross-sectional study was applied. The subject was selected in random sampling. Subjects were 300 students in grade 3,4, and 5 in SDN 03, 04, 09, and 10 Pondok Labu, South Jakarta. The analysis performed using chi-square analysis and multivariate logistic regression. The results showed that the breakfast habits of primary school children by 71.7% with a median energy of 246 kcal. The results showed a significant correlation between breakfast habits of the sexes, the availability of breakfast and breakfast nutrition knowledge (p<0.05). The school children breakfast was significantly affected by nutritional knowledge (p<0.05). Keywords: breakfast, children, knowledge ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor dominan yang memengaruhi kebiasaan sarapan pada anak-anak sekolah dasar negeri di Pondok Labu, Jakarta Selatan. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan penarikan subjek secara random sampling. Subjek berjumlah 300 siswa kelas 3, 4, dan 5 di SDN 03, 04, 09, dan 10 Pondok Labu, Jakarta Selatan. Analisis yang digunakan adalah chi-square dan multivariat regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebiasaan sarapan pada anak sekolah dasar sebesar 71,7% dengan median energi sarapan sebesar 246 kkal. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara jenis kelamin, ketersediaan sarapan, dan pengetahuan gizi dengan kebiasaan sarapan (p<0,05). Kebiasaan sarapan pada anak sekolah dasar sangat dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan gizi. Kata kunci: anak sekolah, pengetahuan, sarapan

Efikasi Pemberian Ekstrak Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb) dan Multivitamin Mineral terhadap Penurunan Kadar Asam Laktat Darah Atlet

ABSTRACT Heavy exercise can increase free radicals. The imbalance of the body’s natural antioxidant ability can cause oxidative stress and enhance blood lactic acid levels. The body requires exogenous antioxidants to meet antioxidant requirements against free radicals. Temulawak has antioxidant effects.This study examined the effect of temulawak extract and multivitamin-mineral supplements to decrease lactic acid levels in the blood plasma. This experimental design was a double-blind randomized controlled trial by recruited 35 football athletes of PPLP Salatiga, Central Java. We divided group treatment in to five, namely group I: placebo, group II : temulawak extract contains curcumin (TECC) 250 mg/day, group III: TECC 500 mg/day, group IV: TECC 750 mg/day, group V: multivitamin-mineral (MVM) capsules/day contained beta carotene (5000 IU); vitamin E (200 IU); vitamin C (500 mg); Zn (15 mg); and selenium (50 mcg). Capsules had been given for 17 days. The TECC 250 mg, placebo, and MVM groups increased its lactic acid level respectively were 0.24 ± 0.30 mmol/L, 0.30 ± 0.69 mmol /L, and 0.40 ± 1.34 mmol/L. The TECC 500 mg, MVM and TECC 750 mg groups declined its lactic acid level respectively were -0.04 ± 0.55 mmol/L, -0.40 ± 1.34 mmol/L and -0.80 ± 0.73 mmol/L. Ancova statistical test showed that decreased of lactic acid levels after intervention (adjusted) was influenced by levels of lactic acid and variations of treatment (p 0.05). The TECC 750 mg group was the best for decreasing lactic acid levels of athlete. Keywords: athletes, lactic acid, multivitamins minerals, temulawak. ABSTRAK Latihan berat dapat meningkatkan radikal bebas. Ketidakseimbangan kemampuan antioksidan alami tubuh menyebabkan stres oksidatif dan peningkatan kadar asam laktat. Tubuh memerlukan antioksidan eksogen dari luar tubuh untuk mencukupi kebutuhan antioksidan melawan radikal bebas. Temulawak merupakan tanaman herbal yang mempunyai efek antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efek pemberian esktrak temulawak dan mulivitamin mineral terhadap penurunan asam laktat darah. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah double blind randomized controlled trial . Subjek berjumlah 35 atlet sepakbola PPLP Salatiga Jawa Tengah. Penelitian dikelompokkan menjadi 5 perlakuan: kelompok I plasebo, kelompok II pemberian kapsul ekstrak temulawak kandungan Kurkumin (ETKK) 250 mg/hari, kelompok III ETKK 500 mg/hari, kelompok IV ETKK 750 mg/hari, kelompok V diberi kapsul multivitamin dan mineral (MVM) per hari (betakaroten 5000 UI, vitamin E 200 UI, vitamin C 500 mg, Zn 15 mg, selenium 50 mcg). Kapsul diberikan selama 17 hari. Data dianalisis menggunakan anova dan ancova. Kelompok perlakuan mengalami penurunan adalah ETKK 500 mg, MVM dan ETKK 750 mg masing-masing sebesar -0,04 ± 0,55 mmol/L, -0,40 ± 1,34 mmol/L dan -0,80 ± 0,73 mmol/L. Hasil uji ancova, penurunan kadar asam laktat setelah intervensi ( adjusted ) dipengaruhi kadar asam laktat awal dan variasi perlakuan (p 0,05). Pemberian ekstrak temulawak kadar Kurkumin 750 mg terbaik dalam menurunkan kadar asam laktat secara signifikan pada atlet. Kata kunci : atlet, asam laktat, multivitamin mineral, temulawak.