Hany Besada

Mining codes in Africa: emergence of a ‘fourth’ generation?

A burgeoning interest among academics, policy-makers and civil society groups has developed concerning Africas extractive sector and particularly its mining codes, which are now at the centre of a wider policy debate over natural resource governance and economic development on the continent. This article reviews the evolution of Africas regulatory codes in the mining sector, which has undergone what Bonnie Campbell describes as ‘three generations’ of liberalization since the 1980s. We also highlight new voluntary, regional and transnational initiatives, driven by a host of heterogeneous actors from Africa and abroad, which constitute a ‘fourth’ generation of mining codes and natural resource governance practices that place primary emphasis on transparency and accountability by both mining companies and host governments. This new generation of natural resource governance initiatives presents new opportunities as well as unique challenges, particularly with the growing role of emerging economies such as the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa). We conclude by assessing future trends and policy challenges in Africas extractive sector governance.

An assessment of the effects of Africa's water crisis on food security and management

Food security remains one of the most pressing concerns of this century. This article explores the often overlooked role of water scarcity in food security. This is particularly important within the African context, because most states on the continent rely heavily on agriculture. The article therefore focuses on Africa, discussing triggers and practices related to water usage currently in place, as well as their impact on development. The authors offer various recommendations on how to improve and streamline policies to encourage efficient water use.

Multilateral development cooperation in a changing global order

Changes in the Nature of Multilateral Development Cooperation: Implications for Multilateral, Bilateral and Emerging Donors His Excellency Joaquim Alberto Chissano New Diplomacy in Multilateral Development Cooperation Winston Dookeran Introduction: Multilateralism in an Era of Change by Hany Besada and Shannon Kindornay PART I: MULTILATERAL DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION: THE CURRENT STATE OF PLAY 1. How Infrastructure Investment Can Advance the Development Agenda Justin Yifu Lin 2. Reshaping International Institutions to Achieve Millennium Development Goals Manmohan Agarwal 3. Rethinking the Role of Multilateral Institutions in an Ever-Changing Aid Architecture Michael Blomfield and Homi Kharas PART II: CASES IN MULTILATERAL DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION: OLD AND NEW CHALLENGES 4. Building Country Capacity for Development Results: How does the International Aid Effectiveness Agenda Address the Capacity Gaps? Franke Toornstra and Frederic Martin 5. Increasing the Effectiveness of Multilateral and Bilateral Aid: Lessons from the Global AIDS Response Franklyn Lisk, Praddep Kakkitil and Musa Bullaleh 6. The Role of the Third Sector as Partners in the Development Aid System David Felsen and Hany Besada 7. Canadas Fraying Commitment to Multilateral Development Cooperation Stephen Brown and Michael Olender 8. Assessing the Relevance of the WTO in International Trade and Development Pablo Heidrich PART III: EMERGING MULTILATERALISMS: POSSIBILITIES FOR THE 21ST CENTURY 9. New Donors and Old Practices: The Role of China in the Multilateral System Arjan de Haan and Ward Warmerdam 10. South-South Cooperation: How Does Gender Equality Factor in the Emerging Multilateralism? George Kararach, Frannie Leautier and Towera Luhanga 11. Establishing a Legitimate Development Co-operation Architecture in the Post-Busan Era Shannon Kindornay and Yiagadeesen Samy

Advancing African agency in the new 2030 transformative development agenda

This paper explores the current transition from the MDG framework to the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) framework in the post-2015 development agenda, with specific emphasis on how the SDGs with their aim of ‘Transforming our World’ might guide economic development and policy in Africa. The aim is to investigate the scope and implications of the post-MDG Agenda for Africa against the background of distinct disparities in development progress across the African continent, rapid urbanization, the availability of new technologies, and the emergence of parallel comprehensive new frameworks for managing global climate change and for creating synergies between China’s transformation over the coming decades and Africa’s Agenda 2063. Drawing on the changing shape of development finance and new insights into the role of public entrepreneurship for development, we make proposals for advancing African agency in the context of these new frameworks, and conclude with policy recommendations for the future.

Introduction: Multilateralism in an Era of Change

Traditionally, multilateral institutions like the United Nations, the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund — institutions that promote and facilitate cooperation among countries — oversaw and delivered concerted responses to development challenges. Founded some 65 years ago following the Second World War, these institutions mark an international site for collective development efforts and are responsible for overseeing 40 percent of official development assistance (ODA) worldwide. However, the rapidly changing landscape in which development takes place is calling the future of multilateral development cooperation into question.

Post-2015 as the Litmus Test for Multilateral Development Cooperation?

This volume has examined many of the challenges facing the traditional multilateral system and emerging forms of development cooperation, multilateral and otherwise. A number of critical issues were addressed, including the fragmentation, support, and effectiveness of the multilateral system, as well as long-standing concerns regarding the legitimacy of multilateral development cooperation. While the perspectives of contributors vary, the chapters in this volume highlight three key themes. First is the increasingly complex and competitive environment in which evelopment cooperation occurs.