Hee-Chung Ji

A Cold-Tolerant and Medium-Maturing Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) New Variety, `Kowinmaster`

This experiment was carried out to breed a cold-tolerant variety of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in Grassland and Forage Crops Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Suwon from 1999 to 2006. ew variety, Kowinmaster as a diploid variety was light-green in leaf color and had medium and semi-erect growth habit in late autumn and early spring, respectively. Kowinmaster was 13th May in heading date as a medium-maturing variety. Especially, Kowinmaster was similar to Florida 80 in flag leaf width, longer 3cm in flag leaf length and longer 6cm in plant length than those of control variety, Florida 80, respectively. Stem width of Kowinmaster was similar to that of Florida 80. Cold tolerance of Kowinmaster was better than that of Florida 80. Dry matter yield (9,521 kg/ha) of Kowinmaster was 2% more than that of Florida 80. Feed value of Kowinmaster was 12.1% in crude protein, 70.9% in In vitro dry matter digestibility and 32.9% in acid detergent fiber that were similar to those of Florida 80, respectively, but in neutral detergent fiber, Kowimaster was 56.0% that was 1% lower than that of Florida 80.

A Cold-Tolerant and Early-Maturing Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) New Variety, `Kospeed`

This experiment was carried out to breed the cold-tolerant variety of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in Grassland and Forage Crops Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan from 1999 to 2005. New variety, `Kospeed` is a diploid variety with green in leaf color, and has semi-erect and erect growth habit in late autumn and early spring, respectively. `Kospeed` was on 1 May in heading date as a early-maturing variety. Also `Kospeed` was wider by 0.2mm in flag leaf width, longer by 1cm in flag leaf length and shorter by 1cm in plant length than those of `Florida 80`, respectively. Stem width of `Kospeed` was similar to that of `Florida 80` and `Hwasan 101`. Cold tolerance of `Kospeed` was better than that of `Florida 80`. Dry matter (DM) yield (13,257kg/ha) of `Kospeed` was similar to that of `Florida 80`. In vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and total digestible nutrient (TDN) of `Kospeed` were 73.2% and 65.3% which are 2.1% and 1.7% higher than those of `Florida 80`, respectively. Acid detergent fiber(ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of `Kospeed` were 29.1% and 53.1% which are 2.1% and 2.3% lower than those of `Florida 80`, respectively.

Yield and Nutritive Value of Spring-seeded Early and Late Maturity Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.)

This experiment was carried out to know the possibility for cultivation of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) by spring seeding in Grassland and Forages Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan from 2007 to 2008. In spring seeding cultivation, heading date of early maturity variety, `Kospeed`, was on 14 May, but late maturity variety, `Hwasan 101`, was not heading up to harvesting date. Dry matter yield of `Kospeed` (6,819 kg/ha) was higher than that of `Hwasan 101` (4,409 kg/ha) by 55%. Crude protein (CP) and total digestible nutrients(TDN) of `Kospeed` were 15.6% and 62.1%, respectively and that of `Hwasan 101` were 20.3%, and 67.5%. In these result, when cultivation of Italian ryegrass by spring seeding, selection of early maturity variety have a decided advantage for high productivity.

Change in Dry Matter Yields and Feed Values of Italian Ryegrass, Hwasan 101, at Different Growth Stages

This experiment was carried out to provide some information on the change of dry matter productivity and feed value (forage quality) according to growth stages of late-maturing variety, Hwasan 101, Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in Grassland and Forages Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Suwon from 2000 to 2002. In Suwon, booting, first heading, full heading and flowering stages of cv. Hwasan 101 were May 8, 18, 28 and June 3, respectively. Dry matter (DM) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) yields of Hwasan 101 were tendency to be increased by the progress of growth. DM yield in first heading stage increased 50% more than DM 4,818 kg/ha of booting stage, and also DM yield in full heading stage was increased by 26% of DM 7,244 kg/ha of first heading. Crude protein content was decreased gradually by the progress of growth, which were 18.32, 15.12, 12.58 and 12.36% in booting, first heading, full heading and flowing stage, respectively. Acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber contents was increased and in vitro dry matter digestibility decreased gradually with progress of growth, but there was no difference between full heading and flowering stages. Considering DM yield and feed value of Italian ryegrass, the suitable cutting times seems between full heading and flowering stage.

A Very Early-Maturing Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) New Variety, `Green Farm` for Double Cropping System

This experiment was carried out to breed a very early maturing variety of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in Grassland and Forage Crops Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan from 2009 to 2010. A new variety, `Green farm` is a diploid variety with green in leaf color and has erect and semi-erect growth habit in late autumn and early spring, respectively. `Green farm` was on 28 April in heading date as a early-maturing variety. `Green farm` was also wider by 0.4 mm in flag leaf width, longer by 0.8 cm in flag leaf length and shorter by 5 cm in plant height than those of control variety, `Florida 80`, respectively. `Green farm` was thicker in stem thickness and stronger in winter hardness than those of the `Florida 80`. Dry matter (DM) yield (11,790 kg/ha) of `Green farm` was similar to that of `Florida 80`. In vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), total digestible nutrient (TDN) and crude protein (CP) of `Green farm` were 68.7, 63.3 and 10.3% which are 1.9, 1.7 and 0.6% higher than those of `Florida 80`, respectively. Acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of `Green farm` were 32.5 and 54.6% which are 2.2 and 4.3% lower than those of the `Florida 80`, respectively.

Selection of Pasture Species at Paddy Field in Southern Region of Korea

ABSTRACTThis experiment was carried out to select the adaptability, forage production and quality of pasturespecies at paddy field from 2007 to 2009 at Jeonnam province. Among pasture species, Italian ryegrasswas somewhat good for waterlogging, production, and disease and insect resistance. Fresh and dry matteryields of Italian ryegrass was the highest as 67,368kg and 17,677kg per ha among six species. The dryyield of Tall fescue mixture(Orchardgrass, Tall fescue, Perennial ryegrass, Kentuck bluegrass, White clover)and Tall fescue were also high as 15,589kg and 14,693kg per ha, respectively. Crude protein of Tallfescue and Tall fescue mixture were high as 10.4% and 13.5%, respectively. The result of this studyshowed that Italian ryegrass, Tall fescue mixture and Tall fescue had good growth characteristics andforage productivity at paddy field in southern region of Korea.(Keywords: Pasture species, Forage, Paddy field, Nutritive value, Dry yield) .서 론 최근쌀소비량의감소로젮고량이증가됨에따라젧부의공공미비축비용은연간5,000억원이상이발생하고있는실젧이다. 또한논벼잱배면젒은2000년도에1,072천ha에서2009년도 924천ha로 감소하였으며, 휴경논 발생은2009년약14천ha로휴경률은1.4%를차지하고있다(통계청, 2010). 이에따라2011년부터젧부에서는논잱배에젒합한벼대체잒목을개발하고타잒물로정환하여쌀수급안젧은물론식량과사료잒물작급율향상, 지역특화품목육성등을도모하기위하여논소득다양화사업을추진중이다(농식품부, 2011). 또한국젮유가상승으로인한해상운임증가로조사료수입가격은매년상승하고있으며, 수입조사료는875천톤으로약4,000억원에달하고있다. 한편국내조사료작급률은2010년현잱85% 수준이나그중에서양질조사료가차지하는비중은32%에불과하다(농식품부, 2011).따라서안젧젒인양질조사료생산기반시설을확충하기위해서논에중부지방에서는이탈리안 라이그라스+옥수수, 수수×수단그라스교잣종, 남부지방에서는이탈리안라이그라스+식용벼잒부체계를이용한잱배면젒확대가젙실히필요한실젧이며나아가논을이용한

Selection of Pasture species at paddy field in the middle region of Korea.

This experiment was carried out to select adaptability and forage production and quality of Pasture species at paddy field from 2007 to 2009 at Chungnam province. Among growth characters, `Tall fescue` and `Tall fescue mixture (Orchardgrass, Tall fescue, Perennial ryegrass, Kentuck bluegrass, White clover)` were somewhat good for waterlogging, production and disease and insect resistance. Fresh yield of `Tall fescue mixture` and `Tall fescue` were the highest as 84,294 kg and 78,400 kg per ha among 6 species. The dry yield of `Tall fescue mixture` and `Tall fescue` were also the highest as 20,644 kg and 19,759 kg per ha. The result of this study showed that `Tall fescue mixture` and `Tall fescue` had good growth characters and forage productivity at paddy field in middle region of South Korea.

Agronomic Characteristics and Yield of Silage Corn Hybrids 'Cap 444NG'

This experiment was carried out to know adaptability, forage production and quality of corn hybrid for silage at three regions during 2007 to 2008. Among agronomic characteristics, `CAP444NG` hybrid was somewhat strong for good stay green and higher stem height as 294cm. The fresh and dry matter yield of `CAP444NG` hybrid were the highest 61,111 kg/ha and 20,635 kg/ha, respectively. The crude protein of `CAP444NG` hybrid was somewhat higher than other hybrids as 7.9%. The result of this study indicated that `CAP444NG` hybrid could be recommended as having good characters according to forage production and stay green and for silage in Korea.

Comparison of Growth Characteristics and Productivities of Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa) Varieties

This experiment was conducted to compare the agronomic characteristics and productivity in introduced hairy vetch cultivars and developed new Korean Hairy vetch cultivars in two areas of the experimental field of Grassland and Forage Crops Division, National Institute of Animal Science from 2005 to 2006. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. A total of 11 hairy vetch cultivars used in this study including 9 introduced cultivars (Penn-02, Sander, Latigo, Welta, Ostsaat, VV4712, Minnie, Barlosa and Capello) and 2 Korean cultivars (Cold green and Cheong pa). The early flowering varieties of Minnie, Barlosa, Capello and Cold green were grown as early maturity cultivars, while the late flowering varieties of Penn-02, Sander, Latigo, Welta, Ostsaat, VV4712 and Cheong pa were grown as medium and late maturity. The winter hardiness of hairy vetch was good except for Minnie, Barlosa and Capello of early maturity cultivars. In this study, dry matter yield of VV4712 was the highest of 11 hairy vetch cultivars. And dry matter yield of medium and late maturity vetch increased in the middle region while that of early maturity increased in the south. The new Korean cultivar, Cheong pa, as a medium and late maturity hairy vetch was not bad compared to introduced cultivars and Cold green as an early maturity hairy vetch was an excellent cultivar compared to introduced cultivars in both regions. Latigo in NDF (neutral detergent fiber) and Welta in ADF (acid detergent fiber) were lower than other cultivars, while Sander in IVDMD (in vitro dry matter digestibility) and CP (crude protein) content were higher than other cultivars. The results of this experiment indicated that the productivity of hairy vetch cultivars was highest in VV4712, and Cheong pa and Cold green of new Korean cultivar were the promising cultivars of hairy vetch in Korea.

Crop Analysis through Growth Survey after Wintering of Winter Annual Forages Grown from 2014 to 2015

ABSTRACT In order to identify the causes of various problems related to forage crop growth, such as winter survival, coldness, rainfall, drought etc., and to provide basic data for the stable production and supply of forage year round, we performed a growth survey after the wintering of winter forage crops grown from mid-Sep. 2014 to late-Feb. 2015. The growth of winter forage crops after wintering in the country was generally bad. As shown in the regional distribution in the country, regions with 80% or higher winter survival rates comprised 66%, regions with 79 to 50% winter survival comprised 24.9% and regions with less than 50% winter survival comprised 9.1%. In conclusion, the average winter survival rate was 79% in the country. Winter survival rate and coverage rate after the wintering of winter forage crops under installed drain channels in paddy fields were good at 83% and 80%, respectively. However, the rates without installed drain channels were bad at 67% and 66%, respectively. It was predicted that the crop production of winter forage crops was reduced by 10-15% in Gangwon, Chungbuk, Chungnam, Gyeongnam and Jeonnam regions, reduced by 30% in Gyeonggi, Gyeongbuk and Jeonbuk regions and reduced overall by approximately 19% nationwide.(