Helga Geremias Gouveia

The Millennium Development Goals and the social commitment of Nursing research

In 2000, the United Nations (UN) brought together representatives from 191 countries, heads of state and government at the UN Millennium Summit. The discussions outlined eight “Millennium Development Goals” (MDG) to be achieved by 2015. Driven by growing concerns for the planet’s sustainability and the serious problems aff ecting humankind, the international community set goals targeted at priority areas to improve health and education conditions as well as reduce extreme poverty worldwide. The eight Millennium Development Goals are to: 1 – eradicate extreme poverty and hunger; 2 – achieve universal primary education; 3 – promote gender equality and empower women; 4 – reduce child mortality; 5 – improve maternal health; 6 – combat AIDS, malaria and other diseases; 7 – ensure environmental sustainability; and 8 – develop a global partnership for development. The global commitment to the MDGs requires international cooperation and, locally, cooperation between the public and private sectors. These goals should be pursued by means of public policies and discussions and initiatives jointly carried out by people in diff erent occupations, especially healthcare. Hence, the eight goals mutually reinforce and support one another as they represent basic human needs and seek to guarantee fundamental rights. As 2015 begins, it should be noted that Brazil has come a long way in terms of achieving the MDGs. The Brazilian performance is owed to social participation and a host of public social and healthcare policies put in place in the past few years that have had positive impacts on them. There are good indicators. However, many challenges still lay ahead . The country realizes it is important to achieve these goals to foster the Brazilian population’s health and welfare . Pursuing the MDGs along with researchers’ dedication to topics involving worldwide development, whether economic, social or environmental, allow the civil society, the healthcare industry, and the government to work towards improving the quality of life of everyone across the country. There is a need for studies that actually create useful knowledge enabling social players and the government to attain important results for society by providing an updated, integrated view of the populations’ life and health context . This year marks the deadline set by the UN for the MDGs to be achieved, and the international community has been assessing the progress and defi ning a global development agenda for the post-2015 period. The world has changed signifi cantly since the MDGs were ser in 2000, and the new agenda must refl ect such changes in order to have a positive impact. It should be noted that, promisingly, there is broader consensus about several basic aspects such as the core place of people and human rights in development processes, as well as the urgent need to tackle the growing inequality in a wide variety of fi elds . These issues are also pertinent to the work routinely carried out in Nursing, which has been taking on commitments and responsibilities towards the sustainable development of populations worldwide. The International Council of Nurses is a federation of more than 130 national nurses’ associations and has been encouraging its members to have nurses step up their eff orts in pursuit of healthcare-related MDGs. It is indisputable that the participation of nurses, the largest workforce in the fi eld of health, has been essential for these goals to be achieved around the world. The Millennium Development Goals and the social commitment of Nursing research

Os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento do Milênio e o compromisso social das pesquisas de Enfermagem

In 2000, the United Nations (UN) brought together representatives from 191 countries, heads of state and government at the UN Millennium Summit. The discussions outlined eight “Millennium Development Goals” (MDG) to be achieved by 2015. Driven by growing concerns for the planet’s sustainability and the serious problems aff ecting humankind, the international community set goals targeted at priority areas to improve health and education conditions as well as reduce extreme poverty worldwide. The eight Millennium Development Goals are to: 1 – eradicate extreme poverty and hunger; 2 – achieve universal primary education; 3 – promote gender equality and empower women; 4 – reduce child mortality; 5 – improve maternal health; 6 – combat AIDS, malaria and other diseases; 7 – ensure environmental sustainability; and 8 – develop a global partnership for development. The global commitment to the MDGs requires international cooperation and, locally, cooperation between the public and private sectors. These goals should be pursued by means of public policies and discussions and initiatives jointly carried out by people in diff erent occupations, especially healthcare. Hence, the eight goals mutually reinforce and support one another as they represent basic human needs and seek to guarantee fundamental rights. As 2015 begins, it should be noted that Brazil has come a long way in terms of achieving the MDGs. The Brazilian performance is owed to social participation and a host of public social and healthcare policies put in place in the past few years that have had positive impacts on them. There are good indicators. However, many challenges still lay ahead . The country realizes it is important to achieve these goals to foster the Brazilian population’s health and welfare . Pursuing the MDGs along with researchers’ dedication to topics involving worldwide development, whether economic, social or environmental, allow the civil society, the healthcare industry, and the government to work towards improving the quality of life of everyone across the country. There is a need for studies that actually create useful knowledge enabling social players and the government to attain important results for society by providing an updated, integrated view of the populations’ life and health context . This year marks the deadline set by the UN for the MDGs to be achieved, and the international community has been assessing the progress and defi ning a global development agenda for the post-2015 period. The world has changed signifi cantly since the MDGs were ser in 2000, and the new agenda must refl ect such changes in order to have a positive impact. It should be noted that, promisingly, there is broader consensus about several basic aspects such as the core place of people and human rights in development processes, as well as the urgent need to tackle the growing inequality in a wide variety of fi elds . These issues are also pertinent to the work routinely carried out in Nursing, which has been taking on commitments and responsibilities towards the sustainable development of populations worldwide. The International Council of Nurses is a federation of more than 130 national nurses’ associations and has been encouraging its members to have nurses step up their eff orts in pursuit of healthcare-related MDGs. It is indisputable that the participation of nurses, the largest workforce in the fi eld of health, has been essential for these goals to be achieved around the world. The Millennium Development Goals and the social commitment of Nursing research

Socioeconomic and regional inequalities of pap smear coverage.

Objectives To identify socioeconomic and regional inequalities of pap smear coverage in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Methods An ecological study based on data of the 2011-2012 national health information system to estimate the annual coverage of pap smears for the overall female population of the state and for women without private health insurance. We estimated annual pap smear coverage according to the Municipal Social Vulnerability Index and health macro-regions and regions of the state. Results The percentage of women without private health insurance ranged from 38.1% to 94.2% in the health regions. Pap smear coverage was 17.3% for the overall female population and 23.8% for women without private health insurance. Pap smear coverage was higher in more socially vulnerable municipalities and regions with a higher percentage of women with private health insurance. Conclusions The prevalence of private health insurance should be considered in studies that address the coverage of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS).Objectives To identify socioeconomic and regional inequalities of pap smear coverage in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Methods An ecological study based on data of the 2011-2012 national health information system to estimate the annual coverage of pap smears for the overall female population of the state and for women without private health insurance. We estimated annual pap smear coverage according to the Municipal Social Vulnerability Index and health macro-regions and regions of the state. Results The percentage of women without private health insurance ranged from 38.1% to 94.2% in the health regions. Pap smear coverage was 17.3% for the overall female population and 23.8% for women without private health insurance. Pap smear coverage was higher in more socially vulnerable municipalities and regions with a higher percentage of women with private health insurance. Conclusions The prevalence of private health insurance should be considered in studies that address the coverage of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS).

Fatores associados a cesáreas em um hospital universitário de alta complexidade do sul do Brasil

Objective To identify the factors associated with cesarean sections in a high complexity university hospital in southern Brazil. Methods Cross-sectional study carried out at the Obstetric Hospital Unit of the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Data were gathered from questionnaires carried out with 361 puerperal women and maternal and neonatal records, from February to April 2013. For the analysis, Prevalence Ratio through Univariate Poisson Regression was used. Results The prevalence of cesarean sections was 31%. The category of hospitalization, cervix dilation and its characteristics, fetal presentation, and uterine dynamics, at the time of admission, were statistically related to cesarean sections; not having a previous cesarean section and night shift (from midnight to 6AM) were protective factors. Conclusions The prevalence of cesarean sections is above the rate recommended by the World Health Organization, but it is similar to rates found in other university hospitals, thus pointing out the need for the proposition of actions aimed at improving this indicator.Objective To identify the factors associated with cesarean sections in a high complexity university hospital in southern Brazil. Methods Cross-sectional study carried out at the Obstetric Hospital Unit of the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre. Data were gathered from questionnaires carried out with 361 puerperal women and maternal and neonatal records, from February to April 2013. For the analysis, Prevalence Ratio through Univariate Poisson Regression was used. Results The prevalence of cesarean sections was 31%. The category of hospitalization, cervix dilation and its characteristics, fetal presentation, and uterine dynamics, at the time of admission, were statistically related to cesarean sections; not having a previous cesarean section and night shift (from midnight to 6AM) were protective factors. Conclusions The prevalence of cesarean sections is above the rate recommended by the World Health Organization, but it is similar to rates found in other university hospitals, thus pointing out the need for the proposition of actions aimed at improving this indicator.

Profissionalização da editoração de periódicos científicos: desafios da gestão de manuscritos na implantação do ScholarOne Manuscripts

A historia e o presente distinguem a Revista Gaucha de Enfermagem (RGE) como um importante meio de divulgacao e disseminacao do conhecimento na area da Enfermagem e saude no âmbito nacional e internacional. A RGE vem sendo um periodico de vanguarda dentro do atual contexto editorial ha mais de 40 anos ininterruptos, contribuindo com a comunidade cientifica nos diferentes contextos de atuacao da enfermagem.The history and the present days distinguish the Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem (RGE) as an important means of disclosure and dissemination of knowledge in the area of Nursing and Health in the national and international scope. RGE has been a leading journal within the current editorial context for more than 40 years uninterrupted, contributing to the scientific community in different operational contexts of nursing. To that end, RGE’s editorial team has undertaken efforts in order to meet the criteria, politics and procedures for admission and permanence of scientific journals in the SciELO Brasil Collection, according to documents published in 2014 and 2017, which consider three priority actions for national scientific journals: professionalization, internationalization and financial sustainability. Recently, in 2016, RGE migrated its management system of manuscripts from the SEER Electronic System of Journal Editing (SEER Sistema Eletrônico de Editoração de Revistas) editing interface to ScholarOne Manuscripts. With this, the work process of the editorial team had to be reformulated in order to professionalize and qualify the previously consolidated practices. Besides the new tools, the ScholarOne Manuscripts platform has contributed to the professionalization of the editorial team, by standardizing actions and simplifying the procedures of submission and follow-up of the editorial flow for the authors that want to publish their manuscripts in RGE. The authors desire an agile, careful and fair evaluation, adequate editing, fidelity to the text, speed and academic impact with the publication. This set of expectations fundamentally depends on the quality of the article and of the editorial processes of the journals by means of computerized systems, pre-analysis, process of peer review, and quality of editing. The ScholarOne Manuscripts interface is an electronic editing platform of scientific journals by Thomson Reuters and is associated with big publishers and scientific databases, being an international platform that standardizes the editing processes among the journals with a high impact factor. Authors are allowed to follow all processing and editing steps of the manuscript, according to the phases inherent to the editorial flow. Moreover, there was an expansion of the visibility and circulation of RGE among the prominent journals, strengthening the engagement with the movement of free access, continuous flow and electronic format. The appropriation of the new criteria by the editorial team for utilization of the ScholarOne Manuscripts, aiming at mediating the relationship of the authors and ad hoc reviewers with the new interface technology, has required investments for improvement in all steps of the editorial flow, from the processes of submission, receipt, pre-analysis, review, evaluation, editing, and layout, to the publication of the scientific articles submitted. Professionalizing the publication of scientific journals: challenges of manuscript management in the implementation of ScholarOne Manuscripts

Via de parto preferida por puérperas e suas motivações

Objective: Identify the route of birth delivery preferred by mothers and their motivations. Method: Cross-sectional study with 361 mothers from a university hospital. Data were obtained using a structured questionnaire from February to April 2013. Descriptive analysis was performed and the Chi-square test was used to verify association among the variables. Results: 77.6% of the women preferred vaginal delivery and the reason reported by 81.8% of them was easier recovery postpartum; 20.5% believed they took part in the decision-making concerning the type of delivery; 64.5% believed the type of delivery they experienced did not involve risk for themselves, while 21.9% believed it involved risk for the newborn. Statistical association was found between number of deliveries and type of previous delivery with the preferred route of delivery. Conclusion: Women did not have adequate knowledge regarding the risks and benefits of different types of delivery and for this reason were not empowered to exert their autonomy in regard to this decision.

Desigualdades socioeconômicas e regionais na cobertura de exames citopatológicos do colo do útero

Objectives To identify socioeconomic and regional inequalities of pap smear coverage in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Methods An ecological study based on data of the 2011-2012 national health information system to estimate the annual coverage of pap smears for the overall female population of the state and for women without private health insurance. We estimated annual pap smear coverage according to the Municipal Social Vulnerability Index and health macro-regions and regions of the state. Results The percentage of women without private health insurance ranged from 38.1% to 94.2% in the health regions. Pap smear coverage was 17.3% for the overall female population and 23.8% for women without private health insurance. Pap smear coverage was higher in more socially vulnerable municipalities and regions with a higher percentage of women with private health insurance. Conclusions The prevalence of private health insurance should be considered in studies that address the coverage of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS).Objectives To identify socioeconomic and regional inequalities of pap smear coverage in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Methods An ecological study based on data of the 2011-2012 national health information system to estimate the annual coverage of pap smears for the overall female population of the state and for women without private health insurance. We estimated annual pap smear coverage according to the Municipal Social Vulnerability Index and health macro-regions and regions of the state. Results The percentage of women without private health insurance ranged from 38.1% to 94.2% in the health regions. Pap smear coverage was 17.3% for the overall female population and 23.8% for women without private health insurance. Pap smear coverage was higher in more socially vulnerable municipalities and regions with a higher percentage of women with private health insurance. Conclusions The prevalence of private health insurance should be considered in studies that address the coverage of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS).

Desigualdades socioeconómicas y regionales en la cobertura de exámenes citopatológicos del cuello uterino

Objectives To identify socioeconomic and regional inequalities of pap smear coverage in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Methods An ecological study based on data of the 2011-2012 national health information system to estimate the annual coverage of pap smears for the overall female population of the state and for women without private health insurance. We estimated annual pap smear coverage according to the Municipal Social Vulnerability Index and health macro-regions and regions of the state. Results The percentage of women without private health insurance ranged from 38.1% to 94.2% in the health regions. Pap smear coverage was 17.3% for the overall female population and 23.8% for women without private health insurance. Pap smear coverage was higher in more socially vulnerable municipalities and regions with a higher percentage of women with private health insurance. Conclusions The prevalence of private health insurance should be considered in studies that address the coverage of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS).Objectives To identify socioeconomic and regional inequalities of pap smear coverage in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Methods An ecological study based on data of the 2011-2012 national health information system to estimate the annual coverage of pap smears for the overall female population of the state and for women without private health insurance. We estimated annual pap smear coverage according to the Municipal Social Vulnerability Index and health macro-regions and regions of the state. Results The percentage of women without private health insurance ranged from 38.1% to 94.2% in the health regions. Pap smear coverage was 17.3% for the overall female population and 23.8% for women without private health insurance. Pap smear coverage was higher in more socially vulnerable municipalities and regions with a higher percentage of women with private health insurance. Conclusions The prevalence of private health insurance should be considered in studies that address the coverage of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS).

Fatores associados à interrupção do aleitamento materno exclusivo em lactentes com até 30 dias

Objective To identify factors associated with the interruption of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in infants up to 30 days old. Method A cross-sectional study conducted at a university hospital in southern Brazil, from December 2014 to September 2015, with 341 infants up to 30 days old and their mothers. A semi-structured questionnaire was applied consisting of variables related to sociodemographic characteristics, obstetric history of the mother, companions education, and data of the infant and of breastfeeding. Collected data were subjected to bivariate and multivariate analysis with the estimation of Prevalence Ratios (PR). Results The prevalence of EBF was 79.5%. The factors associated with the interruption of EBF were babies ≥ 21 days, who received formula supplementation at the hospital, women with difficulties breastfeeding after hospital discharge, and non-white. Conclusion the factors associated with EBF interruption can help health workers create actions for mothers with difficulties and prevent interruption of EBF.

Los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio y el compromiso social de las investigaciones de Enfermería

In 2000, the United Nations (UN) brought together representatives from 191 countries, heads of state and government at the UN Millennium Summit. The discussions outlined eight “Millennium Development Goals” (MDG) to be achieved by 2015. Driven by growing concerns for the planet’s sustainability and the serious problems aff ecting humankind, the international community set goals targeted at priority areas to improve health and education conditions as well as reduce extreme poverty worldwide. The eight Millennium Development Goals are to: 1 – eradicate extreme poverty and hunger; 2 – achieve universal primary education; 3 – promote gender equality and empower women; 4 – reduce child mortality; 5 – improve maternal health; 6 – combat AIDS, malaria and other diseases; 7 – ensure environmental sustainability; and 8 – develop a global partnership for development. The global commitment to the MDGs requires international cooperation and, locally, cooperation between the public and private sectors. These goals should be pursued by means of public policies and discussions and initiatives jointly carried out by people in diff erent occupations, especially healthcare. Hence, the eight goals mutually reinforce and support one another as they represent basic human needs and seek to guarantee fundamental rights. As 2015 begins, it should be noted that Brazil has come a long way in terms of achieving the MDGs. The Brazilian performance is owed to social participation and a host of public social and healthcare policies put in place in the past few years that have had positive impacts on them. There are good indicators. However, many challenges still lay ahead . The country realizes it is important to achieve these goals to foster the Brazilian population’s health and welfare . Pursuing the MDGs along with researchers’ dedication to topics involving worldwide development, whether economic, social or environmental, allow the civil society, the healthcare industry, and the government to work towards improving the quality of life of everyone across the country. There is a need for studies that actually create useful knowledge enabling social players and the government to attain important results for society by providing an updated, integrated view of the populations’ life and health context . This year marks the deadline set by the UN for the MDGs to be achieved, and the international community has been assessing the progress and defi ning a global development agenda for the post-2015 period. The world has changed signifi cantly since the MDGs were ser in 2000, and the new agenda must refl ect such changes in order to have a positive impact. It should be noted that, promisingly, there is broader consensus about several basic aspects such as the core place of people and human rights in development processes, as well as the urgent need to tackle the growing inequality in a wide variety of fi elds . These issues are also pertinent to the work routinely carried out in Nursing, which has been taking on commitments and responsibilities towards the sustainable development of populations worldwide. The International Council of Nurses is a federation of more than 130 national nurses’ associations and has been encouraging its members to have nurses step up their eff orts in pursuit of healthcare-related MDGs. It is indisputable that the participation of nurses, the largest workforce in the fi eld of health, has been essential for these goals to be achieved around the world. The Millennium Development Goals and the social commitment of Nursing research