Network


Latest external collaboration on country level. Dive into details by clicking on the dots.

Hotspot


Dive into the research topics where Helmut Bauer is active.

Publication


Featured researches published by Helmut Bauer.


Archives of Microbiology | 1965

Indigoidine and other bacterial pigments related to 3,3′-bipyridyl

Richard Kuhn; Mortimer P. Starr; Daisy A. Kuhn; Helmut Bauer; Hans-Joachim Knackmuss

ZusammenfassungDie extracelluläre Abscheidung eines unlöslichen blauen Pigments (Indigoidin) wurde zuerst bei Pseudomonas indigofera beobachtet. Historisch wird auf die verschiedenen Benennungen dieses Bakteriums eingegangen. Beschrieben wird die Darstellung blauer Farbstoffe aus Kulturen verschiedener Bakterien. Die von Corynebacterium insidiosum, Arthrobacter atrocyaneus und Arthrobacter polychromogenes gebildeten Pigmente sind identisch mit Indigoidin von P. indigofera. Die Identität wird bewiesen durch physikalische und chemische Vergleiche der Pigmente und ihrer Derivate. Der Name Indigoidin, der früher nur für das Pigment von P. indigofera verwendet wurde, wird nun unabhängig von der Herkunft des Pigments benützt.Indigoidin (I), C10H8N4O4, ist 5,5′-Diamino-4,4′-dihydroxy-3,3′-diazadiphenochinon-(2,2′). Durch Erhitzen mit 6 n HCl entsteht daraus ein Hydrolyseprodukt (III), C10H6N2O6, das als 4,5,4′,5′-Tetrahydroxy-3,3′-diazadiphenochinon-(2,2′) erkannt wurde. Dieses Hydrolyseprodukt (III) bildet ein Monokaliumsalz (VII), das identisch ist mit dem grünen Pigment, das Arthrobacter crystallopoietes bei Zusatz von Pyridon-(2) bildet. Über Synthesen des Indigoidins (I) und seines Hydrolyseprodukts (III), die von 3,3′-Bipyridyl, von Citrazinsäure oder 5-Amino-pyridon-(2) ausgehen, wird an anderer Stelle berichtet.Beschrieben wird die Darstellung folgender Indigoidin-Derivate: 5,5′-Diacetamino-4,4′-dihydroxy-3,3′-diazadiphenochinon-(2,2′) (II), C14H12N4O6; 4,4′-Dihydroxy-5,5′-diacetoxy-3,3′-diazadiphenochinon-(2,2′) (IV), C14H10N2O8; 2,5,6,2′.5′.6′-Hexaacetoxy-3,3′-bipyridyl (VI), C22H20N2O12 und 4,4′-Dihydroxy-5,5′-dimethoxy-3,3′-diazadiphenochinon-(2,2′) (V), C12H10N2O6.


European Journal of Organic Chemistry | 2001

Phenothiazine−Bipyridinium Cyclophanes

Helmut Bauer; Falk Stier; Christoph Petry; Andreas Knorr; Christian Stadler; Heinz A. Staab

The syntheses of oligooxa[8.8]-, -[11.11]-, -[14,14]-, -[17.17]- and -[20.20]cyclophanes with phenothiazine as donor and bipyridinium dication as acceptor are described, together with preparations of the corresponding oligomethylene-[3.3]- and -[4.4]cyclophanes. While the large [8.8]-, [11.11]- and [14.14]cyclophanes in particular show well-defined charge-transfer (CT) absorption maxima, the smallest [3.3]cyclophane does not exhibit any CT effect. For the large cyclophanes, a preferred conformation with crossed donor and acceptor units is proposed. The fluorescence quenching and electrochemical behaviour of all phenothiazine−bipyridinium cyclophanes is discussed.


Tetrahedron Letters | 1985

Cation-induced charge-transfer absorptions of oligooxa[n•n]paracyclophane quinhydrones

Helmut Bauer; Jan Briaire; Heinz A. Staab

Abstract Intramolecular [n.n]paracyclophane quinhydrones with two oligo= oxaalkylene bridges 2a–e (m = 0,1,2,3 and 4, resp.) have been synthesized. The selective double complexation of these compounds with metal cations of suitable size (e.g. 7) is indicated by remarkable enhancements of the intensity of charge-transfer absorptions.


Naturwissenschaften | 1980

Die ersten organisch-chemischen Synthesen

Helmut Bauer

The first total synthesis of an organic compound, that of the hydrocyanide by C.W. Scheele in 1783 is remembered and it is pointed to its significant effect on further famous syntheses in the first half of the 19th century. A nearly unknown reaction done by J.W. Döbereiner in 1816 is considered as the precursor of todays technical important syntheses of hydrocarbons and other organic products starting from coal and water. Short biographies of Scheele and Döbereiner are included.


Archive | 1987

Cu, organocopper compounds

Helmut Bauer; Jürgen Faust; Rolf Froböse; Johannes Füssel; Ulrich Krüerke; Manfred Kunz; Herman Mihran Somer

Organocopper reagents have found wide use in synthetic organic chemistry during the past few decades. Structural elucidation has not yet received much attention in organocopper chemistry and the aggregation of most products is unknown. This last volume brings to an end the series of organocopper compounds and contains an Empirical Formula and Ligand Formula Index for about 3000 organocopper compounds and reagents described in Parts 1 to 4.


Archive | 1998

Azolides in organic synthesis and biochemistry

Heinz A. Staab; Helmut Bauer; K. M. Schneider


European Journal of Organic Chemistry | 1970

Alkylsubstituierte 3-Hydroxy-pyrrole und deren farbige Oxydationsprodukte

Helmut Bauer


Chemische Berichte | 1965

Struktur und Synthesen des Bakterienfarbstoffs Indigoidin

Richard Kuhn; Helmut Bauer; Hans-Joachim Knackmuss


Journal of Molecular Structure | 1998

Photoelectron spectra and electronic structures of some indigo dyes

Helmut Bauer; Klaus Kowski; Hubert Kuhn; Wolfgang Lüttke; Paul Rademacher


Chemische Berichte | 1968

Farbige Oxydationsprodukte aus β-Hydroxy-pyrrol-Derivaten

Helmut Bauer

Collaboration


Dive into the Helmut Bauer's collaboration.

Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Researchain Logo
Decentralizing Knowledge