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Archive | 2012

Insurance Contract Law Between Business Law and Consumer Protection

Helmut Heiss

In the field of insurance, consumer transactions have taken on the same importance as commercial ones. While insurance law had been viewed generally as a part of commercial or general private law, given the significance of private customer business, it is developing into a separate discipline. For most countries, actions concerning insurance matters are brought before general courts of law. In some cases, insurance matters are heard by commercial courts, especially for marine insurance. It is perhaps beneficial that commercial courts hear insurance matters involving both individuals and business matters because the judges hold an expertise relevant to these situations. Alternative dispute resolution mechanisms figure heavily in this area in order to alleviate the burden on the courts, particularly in small claims matters. In general, insurance contract law is the subject of special legislation. No distinction is made, typically, between commercial and consumer contracts. In some cases, such as the UK, separate legislation has been proposed. When a question is not covered by insurance law, many states have provided for consumer protection law which becomes applicable. As a result, consumer protection law has significantly influenced contents of insurance contracts legislation.


Zeitschrift für die gesamte Versicherungswissenschaft | 2003

Grund und Grenzen der vorvertraglichen Aufklärungspflicht des Versicherers

Helmut Heiss

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag widmet sich der in Deutschland gängigen Praxis des Versicherungsvertriebs durch Versicherungsagenten. Gefragt wird nach den vorvertraglichen Aufklärungspflichten, welche der Agent namens des Versicherers beim Verkaufsgespräch zu erfüllen hat. Eine Kritik der Rechtsprechung, welche eine Aufklärungspflicht an besondere Umstände knüpft, führt ebenso zur Anerkennung einer spontanen Aufklärungspflicht wie ökonomische und rechtsvergleichende Überlegungen. Im Gefolge der Begründung einer spontanen Aufklärungspflicht wird auf deren Grenzen eingegangen. Hier werden zunächst Grenzen der Pflicht aufgezeigt, indem insbesondere eine Pflicht zu best advice — analog der Pflichtigkeit von Anlageberatern — im Allgemeinen abgelehnt wird. Eingegangen wird aber auch auf Wirkungsgrenzen der Aufklärungspflicht, weil die Vertragshilfe durch den Geschäftspartner niemals eine unabhängige Beratung ersetzen kann. Plädiert wird daher für eine Regulierung des Berufsstandes der Versicherungsmakler, welche deren tatsächliche Unabhängigkeit gegenüber dem Versicherer garantiert.AbstractThe article refers to common practice in Germany, whereby insurance is sold through agents. The author poses the question which duties of information and/or advise the agent has to fulfill towards the applicant when representing the insurer in negotiating an insurance contract. By criticising German courts, which require special circumstances for establishing duties of information/advice, as well as by economic and comparative analysis the author recognizes a spontanous duty of the insurer, represented by its agent, to give information on the main characteristics of the insurance product. Following to this analysis, limits of such a duty are shown up. Legal limits are drawn by distinguishing the business of insurance distribution from advise on investments. As a result the duties of the insurer do not go as far as „best advice“. Furthermore, practical limitations of information duties are highlighted. Such a duty cannot replace independent advice given by brokers. This is why a need for regulation of the professional activity of insurance brokers ensuring their actual independence from insurers is pleaded for.


Rabels Zeitschrift Fuer Auslaendisches Und Internationales Privatrecht | 2001

Inhaltskontrolle von Rechtswahlklauseln in AGB nach europäischem Internationalem Privatrecht

Helmut Heiss

II. Zur Zul?ssigheit einer Inhaltshontrolle von Rechtswahlklauseln in AGB . . . 636 1. Ausgangspunkt: Das Zustandekommen und die Wirksamkeit der Rechts wahl nach dem EVO. 636 2. Schlie?t Art. 3 11 EV? eine Inhaltskontrolle aus?. 637 3. Schlie?en Artt. 5, 6 EV? eine Inhaltskontrolle aus? . 642 4. Allgemein-kollisionsrechtliche Argumente gegen eine Inhaltskontrolle .... 644 5. Ausschlu? der Inhaltskontrolle aus pragmatischen Gr?nden?. 645 6. Gebot der Inhaltskontrolle von Rechtswahlvereinbarungen nach der Klausel-RL? . 647


The Journal of Business Law | 2006

Towards a European insurance contract law? Recent developments in Brussels

Malcolm Clarke; Helmut Heiss


Archive | 2006

Internationales Privat- und Verfahrensrecht

Helmut Heiss


Erasmus law review | 2013

Proportionality in the New German Insurance Contract Act 2008

Helmut Heiss


Utrecht Journal of International and European Law | 2010

An Optional Instrument for European Insurance Contract Law

Mandeep Lakhan; Helmut Heiss


Principles of European Insurance Contract Law (PEICL). Edited by: Basedow, Jürgen; Birds, John; Clarke, Malcolm; Cousy, Herman; Heiss, Helmut; Loacker, Leander D (2009). München (Germany): Sellier European Law Publishers. | 2009

Principles of european insurance contract law (PEICL)

Jürgen Basedow; John Birds; Malcolm Clarke; Herman Cousy; Helmut Heiss; Leander D Loacker


European review of private law | 2005

Non-Optional Elements in an Optional European Contract Law. Reflections from a Private International Law Perspective

Helmut Heiss; Noemí Downes


Heiss, Helmut (2012). Art. 8 - 14 Brussels I Regulation (Jurisdiction in matters relating to insurance). In: Magnus, Ulrich; Mankowski, Peter. European commentaries on Private International Law ECPIL Commentary (2nd edition). Volume 1: Brussels I Regulation. Munich: Sellier European Law Publishers GmbH, 330-362. | 2012

Art. 8 - 14 Brussels I Regulation (Jurisdiction in matters relating to insurance)

Helmut Heiss

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