Henrique Jorge Fernandes

Características quantitativas e qualitativas da carcaça e da carne de cordeiros alimentados com torta de girassol

This study aimed to evaluate the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of carcass and meat of lambs fed sunflower cake. Were used 28 Suffolk crossbred lambs, with 4 months of age and average weight of 21.00 ± 0.74 kg, divided into four treatments: 0% (control), 10%, 20% and 30% of sunflower cake inclusion (% DM). The criteria adopted for the slaughter was body condition score (3, on scale of 1 to 5). The inclusion of sunflower cake did not influence the measurement of length and carcass depth (P>0.05), pH 24 hours (P>0.05), yields of commercial cuts (P>0.05), as well as fat distribution, fat thickness and marbling (P>0.05). There was a linear effect (P 0.05). In relation to the control treatment, the inclusion of 20% and 30% of sunflower cake influenced negatively the ribeye area (12.00 and 11.43 cm2, respectively) (P<0.05), cold carcass weight (13.19 and 12.58 kg, respectively) (P<0.05), and confinement time (136.85 and 138.39 days, respectively) (P<0.05). The inclusion of 10% of sunflower cake can be recommended for use in diets of feedlot lambs, since it allows the production of meat and carcasses with quantitative and qualitative characteristics satisfactory, without adversely affecting the performance characteristics.

Effect of legume hay on the performance of suckling calves

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of suckling calves fed diets with and without legume hay. The experimental period was of 60 days, with solid food being offered ad libitum and available from the 10 th day of the life of the animal, and milk in natura restricted to 4 litres per day, divided into two equal meals. The following diets were evaluated: concentrated feed, concentrated feed and leucaena hay (Leucaena leucocephala Lam. De Wit) and concentrated feed with alfalfa hay (Medicago sativa L.). Fifteen Girolando animals were used, distributed over three treatments in an unbalanced random block design. The parameters under evaluation were: initial body weight (at birth - IBW), final body weight (FBW), average daily gain (ADG), wither height (HW), croup height (HC), thoracic perimeter (PT), dry matter intake (DMI) and feed conversion (FC). No difference was seen in animal performance in relation to the treatments, with averages of 32.9 (+2.9) kg, 67.7 (+1.2) kg, 0.58 (+0.02) kg, 13.1 (+0.5) cm, 13.7 ( +0.3) cm, 20.6 ( +0.7) cm, 0.46 ( +0.1) and 0.79 kg ( +0.1) for the parameters IBW, FBW, ADG, HW, HC, PT, DMI and FC respectively. The nutritional requirements of suckling calves are met by supplying milk and concentrated feed; there being no need to include legume hay in the diet.

Desempenho, características qualitativas da carcaça e da carne de novilhas Brangus suplementadas em pastagem recebendo diferentes aditivos nutricionais

Aimed with this study to evaluate the efficiency of diets with different additives on the performance, carcass and meat traits of 150 Brangus heifers supplemented on pasture daily with 0,32% of live weight. The treatments were: supplement (no additives); seaweed flour (Lithothamnium calcareum) added to the supplement; vitamin E and organic selenium added to the supplement; protected fat added to the supplement; an application subcutaneously of vitamin D seven days before slaughter + supplement; and the association of vitamin E, organic selenium and protected fat added to the supplement + one dose of vitamin D seven days before slaughter. The animals were supplemented by 109,80 ± 11,71 days, when they were slaughtered when reached 337,95 ± 20,56kg. The experimental design was completely randomized with six treatments and 25 repetitions. The performance, the carcass and meat characteristics were not affected by the additives used. The average ribeye area of 52,00cm2 and the average fat thickness of 3,58 mm in the animals receiving the combination of additives did not differ from the values of the control treatment. The addition of vitamin D3 had no effect on shear force of Longissimus dorsi samples. The use of additives according to the protocols used did not improve the performance, the carcass and meat characteristics of cattle supplemented on pasture.

Comportamento ingestivo de novilhas Pantaneiras mantidas em regime de confinamento

The objective this work was to evaluate the intake and physiological behavior of heifers of the Pantaneira (Bos Taurus taurus) breed, feedlot and fed with different types of hay and concentrate, in a ratio in dry matter of 60:40 %, respectively. Fifteen animals, with an average initial weight of 298 kg and 30 months of age, were distributed through completely randomized design in three batches, with five replicates. The hays were: hay of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Piata, hay of Panicum maximum cv. Massai, and hay of leguminous Stylosantes capitata/macrocephala cv. Campo Grande. All diets had similar energy and protein content of 63.3% Total Digestible Nutrients (TDN) and 12.5% Crude Protein (CP) and were fed twice a day, ad libitum. The observations of ingestive behavior and physiology were made in three batteries of 48 hours each, an interval of 28 days, totaling 144 hours. The data were interpreted by analysis of variance and Tukey test. There weren’t influences of forage in feeding times, rumination, sleeping and interacting; efficiencies in feeding and rumination, water intake and excretion in urine and feaces, and all variables are statistically similar. Therefore, the use of either type of hay in the diet is recommended Pantaneiras heifers.

Chemical composition and fatty acid profile of meat from heifers finished on pasture supplemented with feed additives

Os aditivos alimentares foram utilizados com o intuito de melhorar as caracteristicas da carne de novilhas Brangus suplementadas a pasto (0,32% PV). Os tratamentos foram: suplemento base (sem aditivos); farinha de algas calcarias (Lithothamnium calcareum) adicionada ao suplemento base; vitamina E e selenio orgânico adicionados ao suplemento base; gordura protegida adicionada ao suplemento base; uma aplicacao por via subcutânea de vitamina D sete dias antes do abate + suplemento base; e uma associacao de vitamina E, selenio orgânico e gordura protegida adicionados ao suplemento base + uma aplicacao por via subcutânea de vitamina D sete dias antes do abate. Os animais foram suplementados por 109,80±11,71 dias, quando foram abatidos ao alcancarem aproximadamente 337,95±20,56kg de PV. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com seis tratamentos e 25 repeticoes. A composicao centesimal do musculo Longissimus dorsi nao diferiu entre os tratamentos (P>0,05). A utilizacao de farinha de algas calcarias, vitamina D, gordura protegida e aditivos associados tem potencial de aumentar a concentracao de alguns acidos graxos insaturados da carne de novilhas Brangus (P˂0,05), sem, no entanto, melhorar o teor total da classe de insaturados. Conclui-se que a utilizacao de aditivos alimentares em novilhas terminadas em sistema de suplementacao a pasto nao tem efeitos sobre a qualidade da carne, exceto, de maneira isolada, sobre o teor de alguns acidos graxos avaliados.

Predição da composição física e química da carcaça de borregas pela seção da 9ª a 11ª costelas ou 12ª costela

Objetivou-se ajustar e avaliar modelos para predicao da composicao fisica e quimica corporal de borregas a partir de medidas obtidas da secao da 9a a 11a costelas (secao 9-11) ou da 12a costela. Foram confinadas em baias individuais 36 borregas mesticas alimentadas com niveis crescentes de concentrado (0; 20; 40; 60 e 80%) ate atingirem 37,70 ± 10,23kg para o abate. No abate, a meia-carcaca direita de cada animal foi dissecada para determinacao da proporcao de musculo (PMC), gordura (PGC), osso (POC), proteina bruta (PPBC) e extrato etereo (PEEC). A secao 9-11 e a 12a costela foram obtidas na meia-carcaca esquerda com objetivo similar. Os modelos para predicao foram ajustados como possiveis variaveis preditoras a PMC, PGC, POC, PPBC e PEEC na secao 9-11 (PM9-11, PG9-11, PO9-11, PPB9-11 e PEEC9-11, respectivamente) ou na 12a costela (PM12, PG12, PO12, PPB12 e PEE12, respectivamente). Foi observada correlacao positiva entre a PM9-11 e PMC (r = 0,69; P<0,001). A PG9-11 foi correlacionada com a PGC (r = 0,93; P<0,001). A PO9-11 foi positivamente correlacionada com a POC (r = 0,92; P<0,001). A PG12 gerou modelo acurado para a predicao da PGC (R2 = 0,92; P<0,001). A equacao de predicao para estimativa da POC a partir da PO9-11 foi mais precisa e acurada (R2= 0,86; P<0,001) em relacao a PO12 (R2 = 0,55). E possivel gerar modelos de predicao de componentes fisicos e quimicos corporais de borregas a partir da secao 9-11 e 12a costela.

Características físico-químicas e composição centesimal de cortes cárneos de borregas confinadas e alimentadas com diferentes proporções volumoso: concentrado

Objetivou-se avaliar as caracteristicas fisico-quimicas e a composicao centesimal da carne de borregas confinadas recebendo diferentes relacoes volumoso (V):concentrado (C) (80:20; 60:40; 40:60 e 20:80) e os cortes carneos destes animais (paleta, lombo e do pernil). Foram utilizadas 24 borregas (mesticas) recem-desmamadas com peso vivo inicial medio de 23,1 ± 2,1kg, confinadas por 120 dias. Apos o abate, foram removidos os musculos Triceps brachii (paleta), Longissimus dorsi (lombo) e Semimembranosus (pernil) para representar os respectivos cortes. O aumento nos niveis de C nao influenciou a composicao centesimal dos cortes carneos e diminuiu a luminosidade (L*) e aumentou a tonalidade vermelha (a*). O lombo apresentou o menor teor de umidade (U) (699,7g/kg) e maior teor de extrato etereo (64,5g/kg), enquanto a paleta apresentou maior teor de U (738,7g/kg) e menor teor de PB (214,0g/kg), e o pernil apresentou o maior valor para PB (232,8g/kg) e valores intermediarios para U (716,3g/kg) e EE (40,1g/kg). O pernil forneceu a carne menos macia (FC=2,98kgf). Para as caracteristicas fisico-quimicas, o lombo e a paleta apresentaram carnes com maior valor de b* e o pernil e a paleta obtiveram maiores valores para a*. As diferentes proporcoes V:C nao alteram a composicao centesimal e proporcionam valores diferentes para L* e a*. Os cortes carneos apresentam diferencas na composicao quimica e nas caracteristicas fisicas.