Henry N. Harkins

A physiologic study of motility changes following selective gastric vagotomy

Summary Physiologic studies were done in dogs with stimulation of the thoracic vagus and recording of motility changes in the abdominal viscera, namely the stomach, first part of the duodenum, third part of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon and gallbladder. We have shown by this technique that: o 1. Following selective gastric vagotomy, the motility response in the stomach is totally absent while the remaining viscera are reactive. 2. The influence of the gastric branches from either right or left trunk extends through the second part of the duodenum. 3. The hepatic branch of the left vagus innervates the gallbladder and proximal duodenum but has no influence on the stomach. 4. The celiac branch influences the entire gastrointestinal tract from the proximal duodenum through the ascending colon. 5. Selective gastric vagotomy may prove to be a logical refinement of total abdominal vagotomy.

Influence of the vagus nerve on the inhibitory effect of fat in the duodenum

SummaryIn 4 mongrel dogs with a Heidenhain pouch, selective gastric vagotomy, total gastrectomy, and an esophagoduodenostomy, the influence of vagotomy on inhibition of gastric secretion by fat in the duodenum was assessed. The amount of inhibition with the duodenum vagally innervated was not significantly different from the amount of inhibition when the duodenum was vagally denervated by truncal vagotomy. It is concluded that complete vagotomy does not interfere with the release of the inhibiting humoral substance released by fat in the duodenum.

Gastric Secretion in Heidenhain Pouches Following Section of Vagus Nerves to Main Stomach

Conclusions In the dog, section of the vagus nerves to the main stomach causes a marked increase in the quantitative 24 hour acid secretion from Heidenhain pouches.

Heidenhain Pouch Secretory Response as Affected by Gastrojejunostomy to the Main Stomach.

Conclusion Under the conditions of this experiment, gastrojejunostomy of the main stomach of Heidenhain pouch dogs results in a significant rise in free HO secretion from the pouch.

Correlation of the newer knowledge of surgical anatomy of the anorectum

1. Childs, W. A. and R. B. Phillips: Experience with intestinal plication and a proposed modification. Ann. Surg. 152: 258, 1960. 2. Krause, U.: Noble plication for intestinal obstruction due to adhesions. Acta clair, scandinav. 118:446, 1959-1960. 3. Lord, J. W., Jr.: A critical evaluation of the Noble plication procedure in the management of recent intestinal obstruction due to adhesions. Gastroenterology. 19: 801, 1951. 4. Lord, J. W., E. L. Howes and N. Jolilfe: The surgical management of chronic recurrent intestinal obstruction due to adhesions. Ann. Surg. 129: 315, 1949. 5. MacGregor, A. L.: The treatment of chronic adhesive obstruction by the Noble procedure. South African M. J. 30: 937, 1956. 6. Noble, T. B., Jr.: Plication of small intestine as prophylaxis against adhesions. Am. J. Surg. 35: 31, 1937. 7. Noble, T. B.: Plication of the small intestine; second report. Am. J. Surg. 45:574, 1939. 8. Noble, T. B.: The place of plication in the treatment of peritonitis. J. Internat. Coll. Surgeons. 5: 313, 1942. 9. Noble, T. B.: Perforating wounds of the intestine: Satisfactory method of treatment of wounds more than 24 hours old. Am. J. Surg. 62: 50, 1943. 10. Poth, E. J.: Plication in the surgical treatment of chronic recurrent intestinal obstruction. Am. J. Surg. 104: 413, 1962. II. Seabrook, D. B. and N. D. Wilson: Prevention and treatment of intestinal obstruction by use of the Noble procedure. Am. J. Surg. 88: 186, 1954. 12. Smith, G. K.: The Noble plication procedure. Arch. Surg. 70: 801, 1955. 13. Smith, R. S: Plication operation in treatment of small bowel obstruction. Northwest. Med. 50: 765, 1951.

EFFECT OF OXAINE AND PROCAINE ON THE GASTRIN MECHANISM IN THE ISOLATED CANINE ANTRUM.

SummaryThe effects of Oxaine and procaine on acetylcholine-induced gastric release in dogs was compared in 20 experiments on 3 dogs. Oxaine did not affect the gastrin mechanism in these experiments, while procaine, when added in similar amounts as Oxaine, reduced the secretion of HCl by 47%.The results are briefly discussed.

The study of the biphasic curve of gastric secretion following insulin stimulation.

SummaryInsulin was administered intravenously to 5 unanesthetized pigtail monkeys with isolated, vagally innervated, gastric pouches, and to 5 with Heidenhain pouches. Analysis of 45 tests demonstrated an obvious increase of gastric acid during the first 2 hr. in the group with vagally innervated pouches. Reliable evidence of the second or late phase of gastric secretion was not found.

Experimental Vascular Grafts

1 National Heart Institute Trainee. 2 Postdoctorate Research Fellow, U. S. Public Health Service. 3 Instructor, Department of Surgery, and Fellow, American Cancer Society. 4 Instructor in Surgery. 5 Damon Runyon Cancer Fellow, Department of Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, 1950-1952; at present, Captain, M.C., U. S. Army Medical School, Washington, D. C. 6 Formerly Instructor in Surgery; at present in private practice, Wilmington, N. C. 7 Research Chemist and Head of the Surgical Chemistry Laboratory. 8 Associate Professor of Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine. 9 Professor of Surgery and Executive Officer of Department of Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine. From the Department of Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington. This was aided in part by a grant from the Division of Research Grants and Fellowships, National Heart Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, (H-1136), by a Grant from Initiative 171 funds of the State of Washington, and the Vadheim Surgical Research Fund of the Department of Surgery. This report represents a further study of the problems proposed in a previous communication, by Kanar et al. (1), who compared five fresh autogenous vein grafts implanted into the thoracic aortas of growing pigs with five similar grafts surrounded by crystalline dicetyl phosphate. Their conclusions were that: 1. Ve-

Effect of glucagon on gastric secretion in the rat with pyloric occlusion

Summary The effect of glucagon alone and in combination with vagotomy, Dibenzyline and histamine was studied in the pylorus-ligated rat. Glucagon inhibits gastric acid secretion in this experimental preparation and this inhibitory effect is additive to that noted following truncal vagotomy. Dibenzyline was very effective in inhibiting acid secretion in the pylorus-ligated rat and no additive effect of glucagon was noted.

Decreased gastric secretory activity following injection of lignin sulfonates.

Summary Solutions of calcium lignin sulfonates injected immediately after ligation in the Shay rat (20 mg/100 g rat weight) afforded pronounced protection against ulceration as compared with controls. The same material given per osalso protected Shay rats against ulceration, probably by a different mechanism.