Herien Puspitawati

Time-management strategies used by households with home-based work

A sample of 899 households in which at least one member is engaged in home-based work is used to analyze two time-management strategies used to respond to the demands of home-based work. Analyses reveal that, first, personal time is reallocated more than additional help is obtained for either the home-based work or household production and, second, that different strategies are used depending on whether the household manager is also the home-based worker. Respondents holding both roles report reallocating personal time more often than respondents who are not home-based workers; the reverse holds for obtaining additional help. The results suggest that households generating higher incomes in which home-based work is a full-time occupation are more likely to use time-management strategies than those in which incomes are lower and the home-based work is part-time.

Penguatan Modal Sosial Menuju Kemandirian Perempuan Perdesaan Pelaku Industri Rumahan Emping Melinjo di Provinsi Banten

Industri rumahan selama ini kurang memiliki kemampuan untuk bersaing di pasar, disebabkan karena rendahnya tingkat pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan kapabilitas terhadap penguasaan tekonologi serta akses permodalan, padahal keberadaannya memiliki posisi penting dalam perekonomian nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui peran modal sosial mikro dan meso serta permasalahannya terhadap kemandirian perempuan perdesaan pelaku industri rumahan emping melinjo. Penelitian dilakukan di Provinsi Banten, dengan sampel sebanyak 453 orang, terdiri dari; 154 orang di zona industri, 147 orang di zona pertanian dan 152 orang di zona pariwisata dari 6.857 orang perempuan perdesaan pelaku industri rumahan emping melinjo. Analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif, one way anova, dan Struktural Equation Modeling (SEM). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kemandirian, tingkat kapasitas, modal sosial meso dan modal sosial mikro perempuan persdesaan berada pada kategori sedang. Model hibryd menunjukkan bahwa kemandirian perempuan perdesaan 43,0 % dipengaruhi secara langsung maupun oleh modal sosial meso, dan tingkat kapasitas, sedangkan modal sosial mikro berpengaruh melalui bekerjanya tingkat kapasitas. Tingkat kemandirian perempuan perdesaan ditentukan melalaui aspek pengambilan keputusan, kerjasama, kedinamisan usaha dan akses permodalan. Strategi peningkatan kemandirian dilakukan melalui penguatan modal sosial meso, terutama dukungan infrastruktur dan materi penyuluhan, yang memiliki pengaruh tidak langsung pada penguatan modal sosial mikro dan tingkat kapasitas perempuan perdesaan. Kata kunci : Industri rumahan emping melinjo, Modal sosial mikro, Modal sosial meso, tingkat kapasitas dan tingkat kemandirian perempuan perdesaan

Gender division of labor in agroforestry activities within households: a case of Wonogiri - Central Java - Indonesia

This chapter provides a brief description on the gender division of labor in agroforestry activities within households. The introduction describes the underlying background of gender roles in agroforestry activities. In general it was found that there is an imbalance of gender partnership in labor division applied at cultivation, processing and marketing of cashew nuts between men and women. The unequal gender role has also existed at the accessibility and control levels towards collector traders and wholesale buyers; however, an equal gender role has been found at the accessibility and control towards farming activities, and the role of women is even more dominant in processing than that of men. It was also found that the unequal gender partnership at the community level is due to the socio-cultural constraints. Finally, research and policy recommendations describe the focus of research related to gender in agroforestry, the capacity building for regional and national government, and also community and gender empowerment. The community and gender empowerment includes the agreement among communities (both men and women) in the village to reformulate its regional planning, the increase of women’s potential skills and knowledge, and the strengthening of farmer group/institutions.

DAMPAK SUBSIDI LANGSUNG TUNAI (BLT)- BBM PADA KESEJAHTERAAN KELUARGA MISKIN DI BOGOR, JAWA BARAT

The aim of this study was to analyze the conditions of the family who received the SLT-BBM Program regarding on the income and expenditure and intra-household analysis. The study was conducted at Bogor City (Sub-District of West Bogor and South Bogor) and Bogor District (Sub-District of Ciomas), West Java Province. The study implemented a survey design through the process of purposive sampling procedures. One of the criteria of the study location was the location that had the highest quantity of poor families. The samples of the family were chosen purposively from the chosen location. The total of sample was 168 families (112 families who have men as the head of the household, and 56 families who have women as the head of the household). The study used descriptive analysis that contains of observations, secondary data, news, primary data (from questionnaire), in-depth interview and focus group discussion. The results found out that around half of the samples were actually not eligible to receive the program. Around 60% of the family had monthly income per capita of Rp 100,000.00 which was below the poverty line. The study also found out that in general, every household expended around 60% of the money for food (staple food) fulfillment. Then, the money received from the program was expended by family less then a week.