Hildegard Brauns
University of Mannheim
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Archive | 2003
Hildegard Brauns; Stefani Scherer; Susanne Steinmann
International comparable measurement instruments for educational attainment are among the basic tools for sociologists’ work. We propose a revised version of the CASMIN (Comparative Analysis of Social Mobility in Industrial Nations) classification of education, which in the meantime is among the most widely used tools to measure education — besides level or years of schooling or the ISCED classification (see Chapter 10 in this volume). The CASMIN scale has been developed within the social stratification framework in the 1970s in order to capture the effects of different educational systems on processes and patterns of inter- as well as intragenerational mobility. However, the original CASMIN coding schema does not capture the changes that took place in national education systems in the period of educational reforms and expansion.2 For contemporary comparative research, the many forms and levels of vocational qualification as well as the institutional diversification within general education need to be taken into account. We, therefore, present an ‘up-dated’ and partly revised version of the CASMIN classification, including some substantial reformulations and modifications of the original version.
Berliner Journal Fur Soziologie | 2002
Walter Müller; Hildegard Brauns; Susanne Steinmann
Dieser Beitrag untersucht in einem Vergleich von Deutschland, Frankreich und dem Vereinigten Königreich die institutionelle Struktur des tertiären Bildungssystems sowie die Erträge unterschiedlicher Formen tertiärer Bildung auf dem Arbeitsmarkt. Er zeigt zudem, wie sich Strukturen und Erträge im Zuge der Bildungsexpansion gewandelt haben. Im Ergebnis unterscheiden sich die drei Länder erheblich darin, wie die tertiären Bildungssysteme den Zugang zur Beschäftigung in vorteilhaften Klassenpositionen formen. Das französische strukturiert den Eintritt in die Dienstklassen eindeutig am stärksten, das System im Vereinigten Königreich am wenigsten, während Deutschland eine mittlere Position einnimmt. Der Aufsatz zeigt, worin dieses unterschiedliche Ausmaß der Strukturierung späterer Berufschancen begründet ist. Im Hinblick auf die Folgen der Bildungsexpansion ist in allen Ländern eine leichte Verringerung der absoluten Bildungserträge festzustellen, von der die Absolventen an der Spitze des Bildungssystems in allen drei Ländern am wenigsten betroffen sind. Die relativen Erträge unterschiedlicher tertiärer Abschlüsse im Verhältnis zueinander und im Vergleich zu Abschlüssen auf dem Sekundarniveau verändern sich aber kaum. Nur in Deutschland sind die Berufsperspektiven der Fachhochschulabsolventen denen von Absolventen universitärer Studiengänge zunehmend ähnlicher geworden.SummaryComparing Germany, France and the United Kingdom the article analyzes the institutional structure of the tertiary system of education and the effects of various forms of tertiary education on the labour market on the one hand, their changes in the course of the expansion of tertiary education participation on the other hand. The three countries differ considerably with regard to the extent to which tertiary qualifications affect the access into advantageous class positions. The French system with its series of successive cycles and strong hierarchical organisation structures most clearly the access to service class positions. The UK system has the lowest signalling capacity of the three countries. Germany holds an intermediate position between France and UK. The expansion of tertiary education has lead to a slight decline in absolute returns by way of limited displacement in the three countries. Returns to highest qualifications have been affected the least. Relative returns, however, remained highly constant over time. Only in Germany class prospects of graduates from theFachhochschule are increasingly similar to those of university graduates.RésuméEn comparant l’Allemagne, la France et le Royaume-Uni, cet article examine les structures institutionnelles du système de formation tertiaire ainsi que les résultats de différentes formes de formation tertiaire sur le marché du travail. Il montre ainsi comment les structures et résultats se sont transformés au cours de l’essor de la formation. Les trois pays se différencient considérablement par la manière dont les systèmes de formation tertiaire permettent l’accès à des emplois à des niveaux avantageux. C’est le système français qui privilégie le plus clairement l’entrée dans les classes de service, le système britannique le moins, pendant que l’Allemagne se situe dans une position médiane. L’article montre sur quoi est fondée cette dimension variable de la structuration des chances professionnelles tardives. Vues les conséquences de l’expansion de la formation, on peut constater dans les trois pays un léger amoindrissement des résultats de formation absolus; dans les trois pays, ce sont les diplômés au sommet du système de formation qui sont le moins touchés par ce phénomène. Comparés les uns aux autres et comparés aux formations de niveau secondaire, les résultats relatifs de différentes formations tertiaires évoluent cependant à peine. Il n’y a qu’en Allemagne que les perspectives professionnelles après laFachhochschule se sont rapprochées de celle de l’université.
Archive | 2003
Hildegard Brauns; Markus Gangl; Stefani Scherer
In many European societies, high levels of youth unemployment are perceived as a major social problem. Since the late 1970s, a significant proportion of young people has come to face considerable difficulties to enter the labour market and extended periods of job instability (e.g. Ashton and Sung 1992; Buchtemann et al. 1994; Bynner and Roberts 1991; Evans and Heinz 1994; Franz et al. 2000; Goux and Maurin 1998; Heath and Cheung 1998; Helberger et al. 1994; Muller et al. 1998; Winkelmann 1996).Yet, youth unemployment rates have varied greatly cross-nationally over the past decades. Countries like Germany, Denmark or Austria seem to perform well above the EU average in terms of youth unemployment. One reason behind this relatively favourable performance of these countries might actually lie in the peculiar structure of education and training systems in these countries: much comparative research points out that large-scale vocational training systems are associated with smoother transition processes into working life (Muller and Shavit 1998; OECD 1996, 1998). Besides, individual training investments are still considered the best means to avoid transition problems for young people (Beduwe and Espinasse 1995; Benoit-Guilbot 1995).
ZUMA Nachrichten | 1999
Hildegard Brauns; Susanne Steinmann
Archive | 1997
Hildegard Brauns; Susanne Steinmann
Archive | 1999
Hildegard Brauns; Markus Gangl; Stefani Scherer
European Sociological Review | 1999
Hildegard Brauns; Susanne Steinmann; Annick Kieffer; Catherine Marry
Archive | 1998
Hildegard Brauns
ZUMA Nachrichten | 2000
Hildegard Brauns; Susanne Steinmann; Dietmar Haun
Revue Francaise De Sociologie | 1998
Catherine Marry; Annick Kieffer; Hildegard Brauns; Susanne Steinmann