Hüseyin Ölmez

Forsus Nitinol Flat Spring and Jasper Jumper Corrections of Class II division 1 Malocclusions

OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of Forsus Nitinol Flat Spring (FNFS) and Jasper Jumper (JJ) in the correction of Class II division I malocclusions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Our research was conducted on 48 adolescents, who had a normal or horizontal growth pattern and retrognathic mandible. The patients were divided into three equal groups randomly. First group was treated with FNFS, and the second group was treated with JJ appliances, whereas the third group was the control group. Lateral cephalograms and study models were obtained after the leveling phase and at time of the removal of the appliances. RESULTS Cephalometric analysis revealed that both the appliances stimulated mandibular growth, increased the anterior face height because of the lower face, and elongated the posterior face height because of the growth of temporomandibular joint. Maxillary central incisors were extruded, retruded, and distally tipped. Contrarily, intrusion, protrusion, and labial tipping were observed in the mandibular central incisors. Distal movement and intrusion of the maxillary first molars and mesial movement and extrusion of the mandibular first molars were the other dental alterations. Overjet and overbite were decreased, and a Class I molar relationship and improvement in the profile were attained in both treatment groups. Cast model analysis showed expansion in the maxillary and mandibular dental arches. CONCLUSIONS Both the appliances were effective in the treatment of Class II malocclusion and revealed nearly same alterations in the skeletal, dental, and soft tissue parameters.

Effects of PGI2and TxA2Analogs and Inhibitors in Orthodontic Tooth Movement

Abstract This study evaluates the effects of prostacyclin (PGI2) and thromboxane A2 (TxA2) in orthodontic tooth movement and osteoclastic activity in rats. The study sample consisted of 150 male Sprague- Dawley rats. The rats were randomly divided into five equal groups, and each group was again equally divided into three subgroups (SGs). Twenty grams of reciprocal force was applied to maxillary incisors of the rats with a spring bent from 0.35 mm stainless steel wire, except for the rats in the last SG. Iloprost (PGI2analog), indomethacin (PGI2inhibitor), U 46619 (TxA2analog), and imidazole (TxA2inhibitor) were dissolved in 0.9% NaCl (saline solution), and each material was prepared in three different concentrations (10−4, 10−5, and 10−6M/L). Iloprost was administered (20 μL/12 hours) in the first three SGs with the sequence of 10−4, 10−5, and 10−6M/L. Indomethacin, U 46619, and imidazole were administered in the next nine SGs with the same sequence and dose. In SG 13, 0.9% NaCl solution was administered...

Nasal cavity volume changes after rapid maxillary expansion in adolescents evaluated with 3-dimensional simulation and modeling programs

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of rapid maxillary expansion on nasal cavity volume by using 3-dimensional simulation and modeling programs. METHODS The study group consisted of 15 patients (9 boys, 6 girls; mean age, 13.86 years) with maxillary constriction. Computed tomography scans were obtained before treatment and 6 months after the end of expansion. All computed tomography data were transferred to a computer, and the nasal cavity and maxillary teeth were segmented by using the Mimics and Simplant Ortho software programs (both, Materialise, Leuven, Belgium). Paired samples t tests were used to compare pretreatment and posttreatment nasal cavity volumes and maxillary areas. Data analysis was performed by using the software program SPSS for Windows (version 15.00; SPSS, Chicago, Ill). RESULTS Rapid maxillary expansion treatment induced significant increases in nasal cavity volume (P ≤ 0.001) and maxillary transverse dimensions (P ≤ 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Both anterior-to-posterior and coronal-to-cranial expansions were observed after rapid maxillary expansion treatment, with the direction of expansion most likely affected by resistance from the cranial bones.

Measurement accuracy of a computer-assisted three-dimensional analysis and a conventional two-dimensional method

OBJECTIVE To determine the differences between manual and cephalometric measurements on different sections of the human skull, which were obtained using computer-assisted three-dimensional (3D) analysis and conventional two-dimensional (2D) techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS Measurements were carried out on 13 dry human skulls, then 2D cephalograms and 3D computed tomographic (CT) images were obtained. Anatomic landmarks were determined and marked with clay before CT images were taken, and the same landmarks were marked with the help of metallic balls and pins for lateral and frontal cephalograms. Manual, lateral/frontal cephalometric, and computer-assisted 3D cephalometric measurements were compared statistically. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey Honestly Significant Difference tests were used to compare the results among the groups. RESULTS All measurements were statistically insignificant between the computer-assisted 3D and manual measurements. On the other hand, the differences between the conventional 2D and the manual measurements were statistically significant. The greatest amount of magnification was found at the Nasion-Menton distance (14.6%), which was located at the farthest distance from the central x-ray beam in the lateral cephalogram (P < .01). For the same reason, the greatest enlargement (16.2%) was observed in the distance between the zygomaticomaxillary sutures on the conventional frontal cephalogram (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS The computer-aided 3D cephalometric measurements were found to be more accurate than the conventional cephalometric measurements. The results revealed that 3D cephalometric measurements were consistent with the manual measurements. In addition, the magnification and distortion might limit the results of conventional cephalometric measurements.

Use of zygomatic anchors during rapid canine distalization: a preliminary case report.

Rapid canine distalization is a technique involving periodontal ligament distraction. The primary aim of this technique is to distalize the canines without anchorage loss and to shorten the duration of orthodontic treatment. After the rapid canine distalization, the healing process of the periodontal ligament is similar to rapid palatal expansion and requires a consolidation period. The long consolidation period of the technique conflicts with the second aim. Skeletal anchorage systems seem to compensate for this conflict because they can be also used for retraction of incisors during consolidation period. This case report presents the orthodontic treatment of a 16-year-old female, who had a bimaxillary retrusion and a dental Class II division I malocclusion. Upper first premolars were extracted and, while the canines were being distalized rapidly by periodontal ligament distraction, the incisors were retracted using a zygomatic anchorage system. The treatment of the patient was completed in five months without any anchorage loss.

Rigid external maxillary distraction and rhinoplasty for pyknodysostosis.

Aim: This article reports the treatment of an 33-year-old female patient with pyknodysostosis by rigid external distraction II midface distraction system. Study Design: The patient with pyknodysostosis described in this report had severe midfacial hypoplasia. Correction of this by use of routine orthognathic surgery would require osteosynthesis and bone grafting. Risk of infection and/or nonunion after such a surgical procedure was considered too great, and therefore the possibility of treatment by distraction osteogenesis of the maxilla was evaluated. The rigid external distraction II midface distraction system was used to relocate the hypoplastic maxilla at anterior-inferior projection. Conclusions: Distraction osteogenesis should be considered as the primary reconstructive method for maxillofacial deformities in patients with sclerosing bone dysplasias, since this is the second reported case treated successfully with rigid external distraction.

Rectangular body ostectomy for the treatment of severe mandibular prognathism.

Objective The aim of this article was to present the surgical technique and the outcomes of rectangular body ostectomy in the treatment of severe mandibular prognathism. Methods Mandibular setback by bilateral rectangular body ostectomies combined with Le Fort I level maxillary advancement was performed. The deep bony concavity of paranasal area was grafted with bone blocks harvested from the ostectomized segments of the mandible. Results Satisfactory functional and aesthetic outcomes were obtained by rectangular body ostectomy combined with Le Fort I level maxillary advancement and an acceptable profile was provided for the patient. Conclusions The mandibular rectangular ostectomy remains a safe and versatile procedure with predictable results in well-selected cases.

Onlay iliac bone grafting as an ancillary augmentation procedure for paranasal rejuvenation during bimaxillary surgery

OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper is to present the outcome of iliac bone block grafts used for paranasal augmentation during bimaxillary orthognathic surgery for the patient with deep concavity of canine fosse. STUDY DESIGN Preoperative evaluation of the patient, done with 3-dimensional (3D) surgical simulation software, revealed deep bony concavity of paranasal area and insufficient soft tissue improvement when Le Fort I level maxillary advancement was accomplished. The deficient sites were grafted and better profile was achieved with 3D simulation. After the leveling phase, Le Fort I advancement and mandibular setback with sagital split osteotomies were performed. Bony deficiency of paranasal regions were corrected simultaneously with autogenous iliac block grafts to obtain maximum improvement in the profile. RESULTS More satisfactory esthetic results were obtained with paranasal augmentation, and acceptable profile was provided for the patient. CONCLUSIONS Bimaxillary orthognathic surgery combined with augmentation of paranasal area is an efficient method to obtain better aesthetic outcome for patients with severe concave profile. Paranasal augmentation with iliac bone block grafting is a novel technique to ensure favorable soft tissue support and esthetic appearance of the patient.

Relationship between Class III malocclusion and hyoid bone displacement during swallowing: a cine-magnetic resonance imaging study

Objective The displacement of the hyoid bone (HB) is a critical biomechanical component of the swallowing function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the swallowing-induced vertical and horizontal displacements of the HB in subjects with 2 different magnitudes of skeletal Class III malocclusion, by means of real-time, balanced turbo-field-echo (B-TFE) cine-magnetic resonance imaging. Methods The study population comprised 19 patients with mild skeletal Class III malocclusion, 16 with severe skeletal Class III malocclusion, and 20 with a skeletal Class I relationship. Before the commencement of the study, all subjects underwent cephalometric analysis to identify the nature of skeletal malformations. B-TFE images were obtained for the 4 consecutive stages of deglutition as each patient swallowed 10 mL of water, and the vertical and horizontal displacements of the HB were measured at each stage. Results At all stages of swallowing, the vertical position of the HB in the severe Class III malocclusion group was significantly lower than those in the mild Class III and Class I malocclusion groups. Similarly, the horizontal displacement of the HB was found to be significantly associated with the severity of malocclusion, i.e., the degree of Class III malocclusion, while the amount of anterior displacement of the HB decreased with an increase in the severity of the Class III deformity. Conclusions Our findings indicate the existence of a relationship between the magnitude of Class III malocclusion and HB displacement during swallowing.

PERİODONTAL DİSTRAKSİYON OSTEOGENEZİS YÖNTEM İLE GERÇEKLEŞTİRİLEN HIZLI KANİN DİSTALİZASYONU (OLGU RAPORU - ÖN ÇALIŞMA)

OZET: Distraksiyon osteogenezis teknigi ortodontik dis hareketi elde etmek amaciyla kullanildiginda periodontal distraksiyon osteogenezis adini almaktadir. Ortodontik dis hareketi gerilme tarafinda alveolar kemik depozisyonu, sikisma tarafinda da alveolar kemik repozisyonu ile karakterize periodontal bir fenomendir. Mekanik stimulusu takiben periodontal ligament gerilmekte bir baska deyisle distrakte olmakta ve ardindan kemik depozisyonu yani osteogenezis gelismektedir. Calismamizda periodontal distraksiyon osteogenezis olusturmak amaciyla klinigimizde gelistirdigimiz intraoral dis destekli distraktor yardimiyla gerceklestirilen hizli kanin distalizyonu elde edilmis bir olgu sunulmustur. Kanin distalizasyonunu 3–4 hafta gibi kisa bir sureye sigdiran bu yeni teknigin klinik ve histolojik verilerle desteklendiginde gunumuz ortodontisinde yaygin kullanim alani bulacagi dusunulmektedir.