I Made Djaja

HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK PENJAMAH MAKANAN DENGAN KONTAMINASI ESCHERICHIA COLI PADA PENYAJIAN MAKANAN PENDAMPING AIR SUSU IBU LOKAL PADA EMPAT NAGARI DI KABUPATEN SOLOK TAHUN 2012

Filariasis is one of the vector born diseases which is still a problem of public health in Indonesia. The health effects are fever, fatigue, and permanent disability. The research is aimed to determine the density of mosquito as a vector of filaria and find about the environmental conditions that support the transmission of filariasis in Ciamis, Kuningan, and Serang Districts. This is a descriptive research with observational design of spot survey. The sample is suspected vector of mosquito caught by landing collection method and resting at home as well as in nature. The research found the predominant mosquito species at the three sites that caught by feeding and resting are Cx. sitiens, Cx. quinquefasciatus and Cx. tritaeniorhyncus. The predominant mosquito in Panumbangan Village Ciamis District is Cx. sitiens with relative abundance and dominance number of 0.579. The predominant mosquito in Jalaksana Village Ciamis District is Cx. sitiens with relative abundance and dominance number of 0.630. The predominant mosquito in Batukuwung Village Serang District is Cx. Quinquefasciatus with relative abundance and dominance number of 0.8414. Environmental factors in the area of research support for the breeding of mosquitoes as filarial vectors. Physical environmental conditions such as temperature is 24-250C and humidity is 79 – 88 percent.Penelitian ini mengamati hubungan karakteristik penjamah makanan terhadap kontaminasi Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) pada penyajian MP-ASI lokal pada bayi usia 6-12 bulan di 4 Nagari Kabupaten Solok Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Desain yang digunakan adalah potong lintang. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap 138 rumah tangga yang menyajikan MP-ASI lokal bagi bayi usia 6-12 bulan. Pemeriksaan kontaminasi E. coli dilakukan terhadap MP-ASI lokal yang disajikan dan tangan penjamah makanan, menggunakan metode konvensional dengan menghitung MPN kuman melalui uji persumtif dan conformatif. Ditemukan kontaminasi E. coli pada MP-ASI lokal sebesar 72,5% dan tangan penjamah makanan sebesar 57,9%. Faktor yang paling berhubungan dengan kontaminasi E. coli pada penyajian MP-ASI lokal adalah kontaminasi tangan penjamah makanan dan cara mengeringkan telapak tangan menggunakan kain lap. Tangan penjamah makanan yang terkontaminasi E. coli , 3 kali lebih berisiko terhadap kontaminasi E. coli pada penyajian MP-ASI lokal dibandingkan tangan yang tidak terkontaminasi E. coli . Mengeringkan tangan menggunakan kain lap, 0,3 kali lebih berisiko dibandingkan mengeringkan tangan tidak menggunakan kain lap. Perlu dilakukan sosialisasi dan perbaikan cara mencuci tangan yang benar terhadap penjamah makanan dan anggota keluarga bayi. Selain itu juga perlu disosialisasikan upaya untuk menjaga kebersihan lap tangan di rumah tangga, dengan cara mencuci lap tangan setiap hari untuk meminimalisir risiko kontaminasi E. coli pada kain lap.

Hospital Wastes Water Management in Jakarta February 2006

Hospital as a health facilities, serve ambulatory and hospitalized unhealthy community. Hospital operation and services could give negatif impact in to the environment such as environmental water pollution by un fullfil of hospital wastes water standard of disposal. Objective of this research is to identify the output of hospital wastes water treatment, whether its fulfill in the government standard. Data have been collected using observation and discusstion methode throught the personnel in charge for the hospital wastes water treatment prosess. Extended aeration process is used in orther to treat hospital wastes water. Most of the hospital effluent parameter standar have been fulfill in by the process applied (pH, BOD, COD, TSS), except for the amonia (NH4) parameter is still obove the standard. This is the lack in sludge management process. Sluged management process (digester) should be improved in other to reduce amonia in the effluent up to the standard have been set up. Such as 10% of the sluged should be return in to the aeration process and the rest should be treated in sluged treatment process.