Ida Maria Vianna de Oliveira

Baixo peso ao nascer e condições maternas no pré-natal

This study was carried in the area covered by the Hospital Universitário of the University of São Paulo in order to verify the relationship between birth weight and maternal work and prenatal, nutritional (height, initial and final weight and weight gain during gestation) and socioeconomic-demographic (age, marital status, level of education, family income) conditions. It was based on a sample of 101 children. The occurrence of low birth weight (LBW) (5.1%) did not show association with maternal work nor with prenatal. On the other hand, LBW showed significant association with the following maternal variables: weight gain during the pregnancy under 7 kilograms, mothers age under 20 years old and marital status (single mothers). Despite the low occurrence of LBW, the results point out to the importance of taking measures to reduce LBW, in particular through the control of prenatal weight gain and prenatal among adolescents. Moreover, a policy of educating women, and in particular single women, about pregnancy, childbirth and nutrition seem an obvious necessity.Para verificar como o peso ao nascer se relaciona as condicoes maternas de trabalho, pre-natal, nutricionais (altura, peso inicial, final e ganho na gestacao) e socio-economico-demograficas (idade, situacao conjugal, escolaridade, renda familiar), o presente estudo foi realizado na area de abrangencia do Hospital Universitario da Universidade de Sao Paulo e a amostra foi constituida por 101 criancas. A ocorrencia de baixo peso ao nascer (BPN) foi de 5,1% e nao se associou com o trabalho materno, nem com o pre-natal, porem mostrou associacao significativa com as seguintes variaveis maternas: ganho de peso na gestacao inferior a 7 kg, idade menor que 20 anos e nao ter companheiro. Apesar da baixa ocorrencia de BPN, os resultados evidenciaram a importância do pre-natal para reduzir a ocorrencia de BPN, especialmente por meio do controle do ganho de peso na gestacao, controle da gestacao na adolescencia e tambem priorizando a atencao das mulheres sem companheiro.

Anemia e deficiência de ferro em gestantes adolescentes

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to characterize iron nutritional status of 79 pregnant adolescents, at firstprenatal consultation ( ≤ 20 weeks of gestation), in the Primary Health System of a district of Great SaoPaulo, through the serum ferritin, serum transferrin, hemoglobin and hematocrit determinations. All thehematologic values studied were smaller for the pregnant adolescents in the second gestationaltrimester than for the ones in the first. Statistically significant differences (p .<.0.05) were found just forhemoglobin. It was verified that 64.3% and 32.1% had, respectively, less than 500 .mg and 300 .mg oforganic iron reservations, and 5.4% presented serious lack of this mineral. By World HealthOrganization criterion 19.0% of the pregnant women w ere iron-deficient (Saturation of Transferrin<.16%) and 13.9% were anemic (Hemoglobin.<.11 g/dl). Index terms: nutritional status, anemia, iron deficiency, ferritin, pregnancy in adolescence. (1) Pesquisa parcialmente financiada pela Fundacao de Auxilio a Pesquisa de Sao Paulo - FAPESP. Processo no 97/11849-2.

Prevalência de anemia e deficiência de ferro em adolescentes do sexo feminino - Taboão da Serra, SP, Brasil

It was studied an equiprobabilistic sample of 262 female teenagers living in the city of Taboao da Serra, Brazil, with the aim of evaluating the prevalence of anemia and iron-deficiency. Anemia was identified by the hemoglobin level and the prevalence of iron-deficiency was determined through the concentration of free erythrocyte protoporphyrin. It was observed a prevalence of 17,6% of anemia, and its occurrence was inversely related to factors indicative of the economic-social level: income, schooling of parents and homes characteristics. The presence of anemia was higher in the group that did not have reached menarche, and its occurrence did not show relation with the interval between menstrual cycle. The prevalence of iron-deficiency was of 29,4% and it was not verified correlation between the bloody hemoglobin and the free erythrocyte protoporphyrin, except in severe cases of anemia.It was studied an equiprobabilistic sample of 262 female teenagers living in the city of Taboão da Serra, Brazil, with the aim of evaluating the prevalence of anemia and iron-deficiency. Anemia was identified by the hemoglobin level and the prevalence of iron-deficiency was determined through the concentration of free erythrocyte protoporphyrin. It was observed a prevalence of 17.6% of anemia, and its occurrence was inversely related to factors indicative of the economic-social level: income, schooling of parents and homes characteristics. The presence of anemia was higher in the group that did not have reached menarche, and its occurrence did not show relation with the interval between menstrual cycle. The prevalence of iron-deficiency was of 29,4% and it was not verified correlation between the bloody hemoglobin and the free erythrocyte protoporphyrin, except in severe cases of anemia.

Evolução do estado nutricional de grávidas atendidas na rede básica de saúde, Santo André, Brasil

O estado nutricional antes e durante a gestacao foi avaliado prospectivamente em 372 gestantes atraves do indice de massa corporal e ou grafico de Rosso. Metade das mulheres apresentou peso pre-gestacional normal, porem 17,7% estava abaixo e 31,3% acima do peso normal. No terceiro trimestre, 18,8% tinha peso abaixo e 28,2% acima do normal. O peso ao nascer aumentou de acordo com o melhor provimento nutricional da gestante. Estes resultados indicam que um controle antropometrico adequado permite monitorar nutricialmente as gestantes, prevenindo e/ou controlando a ocorrencia de condicoes materno-fetais indesejaveis, fato que reafirma a importância da execucao desta atividade como rotina no controle pre-natal.Nutritional conditions in the pre-gestacional period and during pregnancy were evaluated in 372 pregnant women based on the body mass index and Rossos Graph. Approximately half (51%) the pregnant women presented normal pre-gestacional weight; however, 17.7% were underweight and 31.3% overweight. In the third trimester, 18.8% were underweight and 28.2% overweight. The weight at birth increased as nutritional conditions during pregnancy improved. These results show the importance of appropriate anthropometric control in order to prevent a bad neonatal prognosis and reaffirms the importance of such activity during the whole routine of pre-natal control.

Evolucion del estado nutricional de embarazadas atendidas en la red basica de salud, Santo Andre, Brasil

O estado nutricional antes e durante a gestacao foi avaliado prospectivamente em 372 gestantes atraves do indice de massa corporal e ou grafico de Rosso. Metade das mulheres apresentou peso pre-gestacional normal, porem 17,7% estava abaixo e 31,3% acima do peso normal. No terceiro trimestre, 18,8% tinha peso abaixo e 28,2% acima do normal. O peso ao nascer aumentou de acordo com o melhor provimento nutricional da gestante. Estes resultados indicam que um controle antropometrico adequado permite monitorar nutricialmente as gestantes, prevenindo e/ou controlando a ocorrencia de condicoes materno-fetais indesejaveis, fato que reafirma a importância da execucao desta atividade como rotina no controle pre-natal.Nutritional conditions in the pre-gestacional period and during pregnancy were evaluated in 372 pregnant women based on the body mass index and Rossos Graph. Approximately half (51%) the pregnant women presented normal pre-gestacional weight; however, 17.7% were underweight and 31.3% overweight. In the third trimester, 18.8% were underweight and 28.2% overweight. The weight at birth increased as nutritional conditions during pregnancy improved. These results show the importance of appropriate anthropometric control in order to prevent a bad neonatal prognosis and reaffirms the importance of such activity during the whole routine of pre-natal control.

Liver gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity and glutathione levels in lactating rats and pups: Effect of dietary protein quantity and feed intake

Abstract Liver gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT-EC 2.3.2.2) activity and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were measured on the delivery day (day 1) and in the middle of lactation (day 10) in rats. These rats were fed during gestation and up to the 10th day of lactation diets that varied in both protein quantity (25% versus 6% casein) and feeding level (ad libitum versus pair-fed 50% of ad libitum 25% casein intake). Just after birth (day 1 of lactation) there was a reduction (P

Low birth weight and maternal conditions in pre-natal

This study was carried in the area covered by the Hospital Universitário of the University of São Paulo in order to verify the relationship between birth weight and maternal work and prenatal, nutritional (height, initial and final weight and weight gain during gestation) and socioeconomic-demographic (age, marital status, level of education, family income) conditions. It was based on a sample of 101 children. The occurrence of low birth weight (LBW) (5.1%) did not show association with maternal work nor with prenatal. On the other hand, LBW showed significant association with the following maternal variables: weight gain during the pregnancy under 7 kilograms, mothers age under 20 years old and marital status (single mothers). Despite the low occurrence of LBW, the results point out to the importance of taking measures to reduce LBW, in particular through the control of prenatal weight gain and prenatal among adolescents. Moreover, a policy of educating women, and in particular single women, about pregnancy, childbirth and nutrition seem an obvious necessity.Para verificar como o peso ao nascer se relaciona as condicoes maternas de trabalho, pre-natal, nutricionais (altura, peso inicial, final e ganho na gestacao) e socio-economico-demograficas (idade, situacao conjugal, escolaridade, renda familiar), o presente estudo foi realizado na area de abrangencia do Hospital Universitario da Universidade de Sao Paulo e a amostra foi constituida por 101 criancas. A ocorrencia de baixo peso ao nascer (BPN) foi de 5,1% e nao se associou com o trabalho materno, nem com o pre-natal, porem mostrou associacao significativa com as seguintes variaveis maternas: ganho de peso na gestacao inferior a 7 kg, idade menor que 20 anos e nao ter companheiro. Apesar da baixa ocorrencia de BPN, os resultados evidenciaram a importância do pre-natal para reduzir a ocorrencia de BPN, especialmente por meio do controle do ganho de peso na gestacao, controle da gestacao na adolescencia e tambem priorizando a atencao das mulheres sem companheiro.

Efeito da restrição energética na atividade hepática da gama-glutamiltranspeptidase e nos níveis de glutationa

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the acute (post-weaning growth) and chronic (lactating rats undernourished since prenatal period and their pups) caloric restriction on hepatic gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity and glutathione levels of rats. Diet consumption was either unrestricted (control group) or 30% restricted (undernourished group).Two trials, one of acute malnutrition and another of chronic malnutrition, were conducted. Acute restriction caused significant reduction in the weight gain of the growing rats, but chronically undernourished mothers showed a significantly higher weight gain/pup, since they presented fewer pups. No significant alterations in glutathione levels, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity, or even in the hepatic protein concentration were observed under acute or chronic caloric restriction. The less pronounced unbalance in the profile of plasmatic amino acids and in the protein synthesis (consequence of caloric, rather than protein malnutrition) can justify such results.

AVALIAÇÃO NUTRICIONAL DE ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS DO SEXO FEMININO

The self-evaluation of nutritional status, utilized as a teaching strategy of introductory nutrition course at Nursing School (Sao Paulos University), gave a subsidy to this work. With this purpose, 50 female university students 3rdsemester (mean age was 21,7) were required to complete a three days food record and report their approximate heigth and weigth. The analysis of food intake adequacy indicated that 98% of the students had insufficient intake (less than 90% of recommended of National Research Council - 1980) of, at least, one of the nutrients (protein, calcium, iron, vitamin A, B1, B2, C and niacin). It was evidenced an inadequate intake (less than 90% of RDA) of calcium (80% of the students), vitamin A (72%), iron (64%), vitamin B1 (74%), vitamin B2 (56%) and vitamin C (34%). The inadequate intake was more frequently and serious (less than 60% RDA) for calcium (42%), vitamin A (20%) and iron (16%) showing a vitamins and minerals deficient diet.

Bajo peso al nacer y condiciones maternas en el período prenatal

This study was carried in the area covered by the Hospital Universitário of the University of São Paulo in order to verify the relationship between birth weight and maternal work and prenatal, nutritional (height, initial and final weight and weight gain during gestation) and socioeconomic-demographic (age, marital status, level of education, family income) conditions. It was based on a sample of 101 children. The occurrence of low birth weight (LBW) (5.1%) did not show association with maternal work nor with prenatal. On the other hand, LBW showed significant association with the following maternal variables: weight gain during the pregnancy under 7 kilograms, mothers age under 20 years old and marital status (single mothers). Despite the low occurrence of LBW, the results point out to the importance of taking measures to reduce LBW, in particular through the control of prenatal weight gain and prenatal among adolescents. Moreover, a policy of educating women, and in particular single women, about pregnancy, childbirth and nutrition seem an obvious necessity.Para verificar como o peso ao nascer se relaciona as condicoes maternas de trabalho, pre-natal, nutricionais (altura, peso inicial, final e ganho na gestacao) e socio-economico-demograficas (idade, situacao conjugal, escolaridade, renda familiar), o presente estudo foi realizado na area de abrangencia do Hospital Universitario da Universidade de Sao Paulo e a amostra foi constituida por 101 criancas. A ocorrencia de baixo peso ao nascer (BPN) foi de 5,1% e nao se associou com o trabalho materno, nem com o pre-natal, porem mostrou associacao significativa com as seguintes variaveis maternas: ganho de peso na gestacao inferior a 7 kg, idade menor que 20 anos e nao ter companheiro. Apesar da baixa ocorrencia de BPN, os resultados evidenciaram a importância do pre-natal para reduzir a ocorrencia de BPN, especialmente por meio do controle do ganho de peso na gestacao, controle da gestacao na adolescencia e tambem priorizando a atencao das mulheres sem companheiro.