Ignácio Tavares de Araújo Júnior

O custo salarial da duração do desemprego para o trabalhador

This paper analyzes the influence of unemployment on occupational reinsertion, specifically on the wage earned by the workers who transitioned from unemployment to being employed. Using sample data from Monthly Employment Survey (PME, 2000), from Brazil, and quantile regression techniques, this study provides evidence about the relationship between duration of unemployment and wage loss. The results show a heterogeneous chance to remain unemployed, in favor, mainly, of less qualified workers, and, in addition, wage losses are observed when the employed find a new job (occupational reinsertion). Moreover, in general, workers who have more qualification are more penalized, regardless of the quantile conditional wage distribution they are in, indicating a greater loss for employees in jobs that require higher qualification.

Matriz de insumo-produto de Pernambuco para 1999: metodologia de cálculo e subsídios ao planejamento regional

This study presents an approach for computing an input-output matrix for the state of Pernambuco for 1999. This general equilibrium model allows for job, income and added value generation policies, necessary for state development, built on an input-output framework. Based on results from the input-output matrix, indicators of sector linkages in Pernambucos economy, effects of demand shocks on jobs, income and added value, as well as impacts of production chains development policy via imports internalization are presented. Results presented are intended to be used in the rational making of public policies for regional planning by policy-makers.

Managerial Effort Under Asymmetric Information: The Case of Public Schools in Brazil

Abstract This paper uses a principal-agent model to investigate how public school managers react to government incentives based on previous school performance. Using data from the Brazilian Student Evaluation Exam (Prova Brasil – PB) and the School Census, we estimate a managerial effort function by quantile regression. The findings show a regular non-linear relationship between managerial effort and lagged school performance, indicating that marginal effort is decreasing when a previously ineffective school manager becomes effective on reaching a performance goal. This evidence is in line with the adopted theoretical approach and provides new parameters for educational policies designs.

EFEITOS DA EXPOSIÇÃO AOS FATORES DE RISCO COMPORTAMENTAIS À SAÚDE SOBRE O ATRASO ESCOLAR NO BRASIL

Este trabalho objetiva avaliar o papel da exposicao de alunos aos fatores de risco comportamentais a saude – cigarro, bebida alcoolica e excesso de peso – no resultado educacional no Brasil. Para tanto, os microdados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saude do Escolar (PENSE) 2012 em conjunto com tecnicas parametricas e nao-parametricas sao utilizados para a estimacao do efeito da exposicao a esses fatores sobre o indicador de atraso escolar de discentes no 9o ano do ensino fundamental. Os principais resultados da pesquisa indicam que a exposicao aos fatores de risco se relaciona de forma direta com o atraso escolar, sendo os efeitos mais intensos para os estudantes com pior nivel socioeconomico. Esses achados sugerem a importância de politicas publicas que promovam a prevencao desses fatores de risco desde a infância, pois as consequencias dessas exposicoes podem gerar desdobramentos nao apenas na saude mas tambem no componente educacional do capital humano.