Ilana Lemos de Paiva

Formação e prática comunitária do psicólogo no âmbito do "terceiro setor"

Psychologist’s community training and practice at the “third sector”. The purpose of this study is to investigate the social practice of psychologists working at the “third sector”, focusing the strategies used to face the wounds of social issues and the professional training required for this practice. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with twenty psychologists working at the “third sector”. The interviews were analyzed in a qualitative way using a critical perspective derived from community psychology and psychosocial intervention. We suggest that psychologists should work proactively pursuing the people’s, group’s and communities’ development, organization and emancipation in order to promote real changes in their lives.

Desafios da atuação dos psicólogos nos CREAS do Rio Grande do Norte

This paper aims to discuss about contextual aspects that can determine and enable psychological professional exercise in Social Welfare area, using as data the speech of psychologists who work at the Centro de Referencia Especializado de Assistencia Social (CREAS) from the state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN). It debates the psychologists performance in these new spaces, thinking about their contribution for the consolidation of this Social Welfare policy. Analysis shows the need of building an identity of psychologist as a social worker, pointing to the importance of changes in the conceptual and technical framework of Psychology.

Factores de protección y de riesgo en la transición para la vida adulta en cinco regiones brasileras

espanolEste estudio tuvo como objetivo caracterizar adultos emergentes brasilenos en las cinco regiones del pais, considerando variables demograficas, laborales y educacionales; e investigar asociaciones entre factores de proteccion (conexion con la institucion educativa y la familia) y de riesgo (eventos estresores) con autoestima y autoeficacia. Se trata de una investigacion exploratoria descriptiva de caracter transversal. La muestra fue compuesta por 1996 participantes, entre 18 y 29 anos. Fueron encontradas asociaciones positivas entre la conexion con la familia y autoeficacia y autoestima positiva, y negativas con la autoestima negativa. Los eventos estresores se relacionaron negativamente con la autoeficacia y no se relacionaron con la autoestima. Tales resultados indican la influencia de los factores de proteccion y riesgo sobre la autoeficacia y la autoestima de los adultos emergentes en las cinco regiones brasilenas. Se destacan las familias y las instituciones educativas como espacios protectores en la promocion del desarrollo de jovenes en transicion para la vida adulta, particularmente en regiones con problemas mas evidentes de acceso a la educacion y al trabajo. EnglishThis study aimed to characterize Brazilian emerging adults in the five regions of the country, considering demographic, labor and educational variables; investigate associations between protective factors (connection with family and educational institution) and risk (stressful events) with self-esteem and self-efficacy. It is a descriptive exploratory cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 1996 participants aged between 18 and 29 years. There were positive associations between connection with the family and self-efficacy and positive self-esteem, and negative associations with negative self-esteem. The stressful events were negatively associated with self-efficacy and not correlated with self-esteem. These findings indicate the influence of protective factors and risk on the self-efficacy and self-esteem of emerging adults in the five Brazilian regions. It emphasizes the family and educational institutions as protective spaces in promoting the development of young people in transition to adulthood, particularly in regions with the most prominent problems of access to education and work. portuguesO presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar associacoes entre fatores de protecao (conexao com a escola e familia) e de risco (eventos estressores) com autoestima e autoeficacia em jovens brasileiros nas cinco regioes do pais, considerando caracteristicas sociodemograficas, laborais e educacionais de cada regiao. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratoria descritiva de carater transversal. A amostra foi composta por 2072 jovens, entre 18 e 29 anos. Os resultados apontaram para condicoes desfavoraveis de educacao e insercao laboral nos participantes da regiao Nordeste em relacao ao Sul e ao Sudeste. Com relacao aos fatores de protecao e risco, foram encontradas associacoes positiva da conexao com a familia com a autoeficacia e com autoestima positiva, e negativa com a autoestima negativa. Os eventos estressores se relacionaram negativamente com a autoeficacia e nao se correlacionaram com autoestima. Tais achados indicam a influencia dos fatores de protecao e risco sobre a autoeficacia e a autoestima dos jovens nas cinco regioes brasileiras. Ressalta-se a familia e as instituicoes educacionais como espacos protetivos na promocao do desenvolvimento de jovens em transicao para a vida adulta, particularmente em regioes com problemas mais evidentes de acesso a educacao e ao trabalho.

O Impacto de Fatores Protetivos e de Risco na Autoestima e Autoeficácia de Adultos Emergentes nas Cinco Regiões Brasileiras

espanolEste estudio tuvo como objetivo caracterizar adultos emergentes brasilenos en las cinco regiones del pais, considerando variables demograficas, laborales y educacionales; e investigar asociaciones entre factores de proteccion (conexion con la institucion educativa y la familia) y de riesgo (eventos estresores) con autoestima y autoeficacia. Se trata de una investigacion exploratoria descriptiva de caracter transversal. La muestra fue compuesta por 1996 participantes, entre 18 y 29 anos. Fueron encontradas asociaciones positivas entre la conexion con la familia y autoeficacia y autoestima positiva, y negativas con la autoestima negativa. Los eventos estresores se relacionaron negativamente con la autoeficacia y no se relacionaron con la autoestima. Tales resultados indican la influencia de los factores de proteccion y riesgo sobre la autoeficacia y la autoestima de los adultos emergentes en las cinco regiones brasilenas. Se destacan las familias y las instituciones educativas como espacios protectores en la promocion del desarrollo de jovenes en transicion para la vida adulta, particularmente en regiones con problemas mas evidentes de acceso a la educacion y al trabajo. EnglishThis study aimed to characterize Brazilian emerging adults in the five regions of the country, considering demographic, labor and educational variables; investigate associations between protective factors (connection with family and educational institution) and risk (stressful events) with self-esteem and self-efficacy. It is a descriptive exploratory cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 1996 participants aged between 18 and 29 years. There were positive associations between connection with the family and self-efficacy and positive self-esteem, and negative associations with negative self-esteem. The stressful events were negatively associated with self-efficacy and not correlated with self-esteem. These findings indicate the influence of protective factors and risk on the self-efficacy and self-esteem of emerging adults in the five Brazilian regions. It emphasizes the family and educational institutions as protective spaces in promoting the development of young people in transition to adulthood, particularly in regions with the most prominent problems of access to education and work. portuguesO presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar associacoes entre fatores de protecao (conexao com a escola e familia) e de risco (eventos estressores) com autoestima e autoeficacia em jovens brasileiros nas cinco regioes do pais, considerando caracteristicas sociodemograficas, laborais e educacionais de cada regiao. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratoria descritiva de carater transversal. A amostra foi composta por 2072 jovens, entre 18 e 29 anos. Os resultados apontaram para condicoes desfavoraveis de educacao e insercao laboral nos participantes da regiao Nordeste em relacao ao Sul e ao Sudeste. Com relacao aos fatores de protecao e risco, foram encontradas associacoes positiva da conexao com a familia com a autoeficacia e com autoestima positiva, e negativa com a autoestima negativa. Os eventos estressores se relacionaram negativamente com a autoeficacia e nao se correlacionaram com autoestima. Tais achados indicam a influencia dos fatores de protecao e risco sobre a autoeficacia e a autoestima dos jovens nas cinco regioes brasileiras. Ressalta-se a familia e as instituicoes educacionais como espacos protetivos na promocao do desenvolvimento de jovens em transicao para a vida adulta, particularmente em regioes com problemas mais evidentes de acesso a educacao e ao trabalho.

Relato de experiência: a atuação do psicólogo no CRAS e sua contribuição para o fortalecimento dos direitos sociais

Este relato tem como objetivo discutir as contribuicoes da Psicologia para a atuacao no Centro de Referencia de Assistencia Social (CRAS), por meio de uma experiencia de estagio curricular ancorada na perspectiva da Psicologia comunitaria. Desenvolveu-se uma serie de atividades: acolhimento; preenchimento de cadastro de familias; estrategias de busca ativa: visitas domiciliares, mapeamento das redes socioassistencial e intersetorial, listagens dos beneficiarios em descumprimento das condicionalidades do Programa Bolsa Familia (PBF) e dos usuarios do Programa de Erradicacao do Trabalho Infantil (PETI); atividade socioeducativa; articulacao com as redes socioassistencial e intersetorial; sistematizacao das informacoes. Assim, acredita-se que a atuacao do psicologo, por meio dessas acoes, contribuiu para o fortalecimento da garantia de direitos da populacao atendida. Considera-se que a perspectiva teorica adotada potencializou a realizacao de um trabalho em consonância com as diretrizes da Politica Nacional de Assistencia Social (PNAS).

Juventude e violência: o que pensam os jovens de um projovem urbano em Natal/RN

The youth has acquired more space among the media, academic researches and political debates, especially because it concerns to a social group which go through several contexts of vulnerability. In order to contribute with the solutions for the adversities faced by the youngsters, the Programa Nacional de Inclusao de Jovens (Projovem) has been created and, in 2008, was implemented into four modalities “Adolescente”, “Urbano”, “Trabalhador” and “Campo”. This research has focused on Projovem Urbano (PJU) and aimed to analyze the relation Youth-Violence from the youngsters’ points of view and the contribution of PJU to this question. Eleven semi-structured interviews with the PJU youngsters and a documental analysis of the curriculum structure of the Program have been accomplished. The collected data has been analyzed through the Constant Comparative Method, based on the Grounded Theory, which seeks to understand the phenomena from the perspective of the participants. The results have revealed that the violence issue is often part of the youngsters’ speeches, through examples and determinant indications, and, have shown that youngsters are agents, victims and spectators of the violence. Concerning to the contribution of PJU, the Program states on its curriculum the violence theme, although the discussions and debates do not reach all the involved participants. It s possible to conclude that PJU must advance into the investigation of its effects among the youngsters and into the defi nition improvement of its curriculum operationalization method by contributing to remodel the possibilities of changes and the construction of new life projects for the youth.

Juventud y violencia: lo que piensan los jóvenes de un Projoven urbano en Natal/RN

The youth has acquired more space among the media, academic researches and political debates, especially because it concerns to a social group which go through several contexts of vulnerability. In order to contribute with the solutions for the adversities faced by the youngsters, the Programa Nacional de Inclusao de Jovens (Projovem) has been created and, in 2008, was implemented into four modalities “Adolescente”, “Urbano”, “Trabalhador” and “Campo”. This research has focused on Projovem Urbano (PJU) and aimed to analyze the relation Youth-Violence from the youngsters’ points of view and the contribution of PJU to this question. Eleven semi-structured interviews with the PJU youngsters and a documental analysis of the curriculum structure of the Program have been accomplished. The collected data has been analyzed through the Constant Comparative Method, based on the Grounded Theory, which seeks to understand the phenomena from the perspective of the participants. The results have revealed that the violence issue is often part of the youngsters’ speeches, through examples and determinant indications, and, have shown that youngsters are agents, victims and spectators of the violence. Concerning to the contribution of PJU, the Program states on its curriculum the violence theme, although the discussions and debates do not reach all the involved participants. It s possible to conclude that PJU must advance into the investigation of its effects among the youngsters and into the defi nition improvement of its curriculum operationalization method by contributing to remodel the possibilities of changes and the construction of new life projects for the youth.

Youth and violence: what the youngster from Natals urban Projovem think

The youth has acquired more space among the media, academic researches and political debates, especially because it concerns to a social group which go through several contexts of vulnerability. In order to contribute with the solutions for the adversities faced by the youngsters, the Programa Nacional de Inclusao de Jovens (Projovem) has been created and, in 2008, was implemented into four modalities “Adolescente”, “Urbano”, “Trabalhador” and “Campo”. This research has focused on Projovem Urbano (PJU) and aimed to analyze the relation Youth-Violence from the youngsters’ points of view and the contribution of PJU to this question. Eleven semi-structured interviews with the PJU youngsters and a documental analysis of the curriculum structure of the Program have been accomplished. The collected data has been analyzed through the Constant Comparative Method, based on the Grounded Theory, which seeks to understand the phenomena from the perspective of the participants. The results have revealed that the violence issue is often part of the youngsters’ speeches, through examples and determinant indications, and, have shown that youngsters are agents, victims and spectators of the violence. Concerning to the contribution of PJU, the Program states on its curriculum the violence theme, although the discussions and debates do not reach all the involved participants. It s possible to conclude that PJU must advance into the investigation of its effects among the youngsters and into the defi nition improvement of its curriculum operationalization method by contributing to remodel the possibilities of changes and the construction of new life projects for the youth.

Faces da juventude brasileira: entre o ideal e o real

Faces of brazilian youth: between the ideal and the real. The study of youth has been gradually conquering space in public agenda and in the scientific field. Permeated by historical contradictions, either in the way the society conceives it, or how the young population realize themselves as subjects, youth consists of a heterogeneous social category, built in accordance with different eras and societies. The aim of this paper is to develop a concept of youth from the rescue of this social construction. Boundaries that delimitate this concept are pointed out, as well paradoxal contexts in which it is inserted, where different faces in which this phenomenon presents itself in society are elucidated, specially from the perspective of present day society, in contrast to reality of rights violation that ravages a large part of brazilian youth.