Ivone Taderka

Genetics of naked grain oats in crosses with Brazilian genotypes

Six crosses between three naked oat ( Avena sativa L.) germplasm sources from the USA and Australia and three Brazilian hulled genotypes were studied for the segregation of naked grain and multiflorous spikelet traits in the F 2 and F3 generations. One major gene with incomplete dominance and expressivity for both traits was identified in all populations. The occurrence of intermediate types f or naked grain varied with the population and did not depend on the germplasm source of naked grain used. The frequency of intermediate types varied among F2 populations indicating that selection for higher expressivity of naked grain could be used to develop Brazilian oat lines with naked grain.

Characterization for plant height and flowering date in the biological species oat

4 ABSTRACT - The use of wild oat races in artificial hybridization with cultivated oat ( Avena sativa L.) has been used as a way of increasing the variability. This work aimed to identify the variability for plant height and flowering date of groups of cultivated oat genotypes, wild introductions of A. fatua L. and segregating populations of natural crosses between A. sativa and A. fatua. Wide genetic variability was observed for both traits in the groups and between them. The wild group of A. fatua L. showed high plants with early maturity, but in the segregating group there was reduced plant height and early maturity. The wild introductions of A. fatua L. studied in this work can be used in oat breeding programs to increase genetic variability by transferring specific characters into the cultivated germ plasm.

Variabilidade genética para teor de proteína bruta em grãos de aveia

The increased use of oat grains as human food has stimulated plant breeders to select genotypes with high grain quality. This work aimed to identify and characterize genetic variability for total grain protein in cultivated oat and introductions of A. fatua L., A. sterilis L. and hybrid populations from A. sativa L. x A. sterilis L.. The results showed a large genetic variability for the trait in the studied groups. Differences among cultivated oat genotypes may be attributed to different genetic constitution. A. sterilis L. group showed high protein content specially with the introduction of I-325. Genotypes from A. fatua L. showed similar low levels of protein probably because the narrow range of regions sampled in this study. Some hybrids from A. sativa L. x A. sterilis L. showed high protein content and acceptable agronomic traits.

Variabilidade genética para peso de grão e número deespiguetas por panícula em Avena sativa l. e Avena fatua l.

Raising oat grain yield has been one of the main goals of breeding programs. The search for genetic variability in yield components is considered a strategy to increase yield potential. The present study was done aiming to identify genetic variability for morpho-physiological traits (grain weight and number of spikelet /panicle) in cultivated oat genotypes (Avena sativa L.), wild introductions of A. fatua L. and natural hybrid populations of A. sativa L. x A. fatua L. Wide genetic variability was detected among groups and within them for the evaluated traits. Genotypes in the cultivated group (Avena sativa L.) revealed a higher grain weight and low number of spikelet/panicle. A. fatua L. wild introductions showed low grain weight and low number spikelet/panicle. However, some hybrid F2 populations revealed high grain weight and low spikelet number/panicle, being able to be used in the breeding program.