Janser Moura Pereira

Liberação de macronutrientes das palhadas de milheto solteiro e consorciado com feijão-de-porco sob cultivo de feijão

Nutrients recycle is related to the absorption capacity by different cover crop species. Already speeds of decomposition and of nutrient release of straws produced is mostly related with C/N ratio, with a marked difference between grasses and leguminous. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the biomass production and macronutrient contents and accumulation, decomposition, and nutrient release from straw of millet (Pennisetum typhoides (Burm.) Stapf) and millet - jack - bean (Canavalia ensiformes (L.) DC.) intercropping, under field conditions, under common bean, sown in August (winter/spring). Decomposition and nutrient release was determined in nylon bags (0.2 x 0.2 m, 1 mm mesh) filled with straw quantities according to the area of the bag. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications in split plot arrangement. The straws represented the plots and the subplots evaluation periods (0, 8, 16, 24, 40, 56, and 72 days). The residues were dried to constant weight in a forced-air oven at 65 oC to determine the remaining dry matter, then ground and sent to a laboratory to analyze macronutrient contents. Based on the contents and remaining dry matter amounts, the remaining nutrient amounts were determined, expressed in relation to the initial amount. Non-linear models were fit to the values, choosing the best adjustment in each case. Biomass quantity, N and Ca contents and cycling of nutrient quantities was greatest in the intercropping straw. The decomposition and nutrient release speeds were also highest in millet - jack - bean intercropping straw.

Nonlinear models to predict nitrogen mineralization in an Oxisol

This work was carried out to evaluate the statistical properties of eight nonlinear models used to predict nitrogen mineralization in soils of the Southern Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The parameter estimations for nonlinear models with and without structure of autoregressive errors was made by the least squares method. First, a structure of second order autoregressive errors, AR(2) was considered for all nonlinear models and then the significance of the autocorrelation parameters was verified. Among the models, the Juma presented an autocorrelation of second order, and the model of Broadbent presented one of first order. In summary, these models presented significant autocorrelation parameters. To estimate the parameters of nonlinear models, the SAS procedure MODEL was used (SAS). The comparison of the models was made by measuring the fitted parameters: adjusted R-square, mean square error and mean predicted error. The Juma model with AR(2) best fitted for nitrogen mineralization without liming, followed by Cabrera, Stanford & Smith without autoregressive errors, for both with and without soil acidity correction.

Thermographic analysis and autonomic response in the hands of patients with leprosy

Background Low temperatures and slow blood flow may result from peripheral neuropathy caused by leprosy, and the simple detection of cold fingers could already be a preliminary classification for these patients. Objective To investigate whether infrared thermography would be able to measure this change in temperature in the hands of people with leprosy. Method The study assessed 17 leprosy patients who were under treatment at the National Reference Center for Sanitary Dermatology and Leprosy, Uberlândia/MG, and 15 people without leprosy for the control group. The infrared camera FLIR A325 and Therma CAM Researcher Professional 2.9 software were used to measure the temperature. The room was air-conditioned, maintaining the temperature at 25°C; the distance between the camera and the limb was 70 cm. The vasomotor reflex of patients was tested by a cold stress on the palm. Results The study showed a significant interaction between the clinical form of leprosy and temperature, where the control group and the borderline-borderline form revealed a higher initial temperature, while borderline-lepromatous and lepromatous leprosy showed a lower temperature. Regarding vasomotor reflex, lepromatous leprosy patients were unable to recover the initial temperature after cold stress, while those with the borderline-tuberculoid form not only recovered but exceeded the initial temperature. Conclusion Thermography proved a potential tool to assist in the early detection of neuropathies, helping in the prevention of major nerve damage and the installation of deformities and disabilities that are characteristic of leprosy.

Comparação entre modelos para predição do nitrogênio mineralizado: uma abordagem bayesiana

In this work one developed a Bayesian approach to predict the amount of mineralized nitrogen through nonlinear models. The nonlinear models considered to evaluate the mineralization of organic nitrogen and to illustrate the Bayesian procedure were: models of Cabrera, Marion, Stanford and Smith. The comparison of the models was promoted through the Bayes Factor (FB) and Bayes Information Criterion (BIC). Inference on the parameters was carried out through the Gibbs Sampling and Metropolis Hastings. The model that provided better adjustment quality to the group of data was Cabreras model (1993), followed by the model of Stanford & Smith (1972) and the last one by Marion et al. (1981).

Role of physical therapists in the weaning and extubation procedures of pediatric and neonatal intensive care units: a survey

BACKGROUND Weaning a patient from mechanical ventilation is a complex procedure that involves clinical and contextual aspects. Mechanical ventilation also depends on the characteristics of health professionals who work in intensive care. OBJECTIVE This study described the organizational aspects associated with the physical therapists performance in the weaning procedure from mechanical ventilation and extubation in neonatal, pediatric and mixed (neonatal and pediatric) intensive care units in Brazil. METHODS In order to identify the existing intensive care units in Brazil, data from the National Health Facilities Census was used to enable the researchers to obtain information about registered units. A cross-sectional survey was carried out by sending an electronic questionnaire to 298 neonatal, pediatric and mixed intensive care units in Brazil. RESULTS This study assessed questionnaires from 146 intensive care units (49.3% neonatal, 35.6% pediatric and 15.1% mixed). A total of 57.5% of these units applied mechanical ventilation weaning protocols, and a physical therapist frequently conducted this procedure (66.7%). However, the clinician responsible for conducting the weaning and deciding when to do extubation varied regardless of ICU patient age profile. Regardless of the type of hospital or the type of units, most of these had a dedicated physical therapist. However, physical therapy care 24h/7 days per week was predominantly in pediatric intensive care units (56.0%), and in public hospitals (45.9%). Moreover, when the physical therapist was available 24h/7 days per week, (s)he was responsible for the mechanical ventilation extubation decision and patients were successfully extubated on the first attempt. CONCLUSION In this survey, intensive care units using physical therapy assistance 24h/7 days per week were associated with the use of a mechanical ventilation weaning protocol, an extubation decision and success commonly on the first attempt of extubation.

RELAÇÃO DA DURAÇÃO DA POSIÇÃO CANGURU E INTERAÇÃO MÃE-FILHO PRÉ-TERMO NA ALTA HOSPITALAR

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the influence of the Kangaroo Position duration in the initial interactions between mothers and preterm infants. Methods: This is an exploratory prospective observational study that analyzed the mother-infant interaction during breastfeeding, before hospital discharge. All eligible newborns, with a gestational age of 28-32 weeks and a birth weight of 1,000-1,800 g from June 11 to September 31, 2014 were included. The films of the interaction were evaluated by the “Mother-Baby Interaction Protocol 0-6 months” tool. The duration of the Kangaroo Position during all the hospitalization period was correlated with the interaction between mother and preterm infant. Results: The longer the dyad spent time in the Kangaroo Position, the more the newborns made physical contact attempts with their mothers during breastfeeding (r=0.37; p=0.03); and the longer the time in the Kangaroo Position, the less the mothers talked to their children (r=-0.47; p=0.006). Conclusions: Longer periods in the Kangaroo Position stimulates the initial exchanges of contact between preterm infant with his mother, which suggests a higher alert status of the newborn and a better availability for interactions with the mother during breastfeeding.

Satisfação dos professores de Contabilidade no Brasil

The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of satisfaction among accounting professors in Brazil throughout their careers. The research is classified as descriptive and used a quantitative approach to data analysis. 641 valid responses were obtained from professors from all regions of Brazil. The results show that a feeling of satisfaction prevails among accounting course professors, as most of them “like the profession” and, in general, “are satisfied with it”. It was found that levels of satisfaction are higher among individuals with more experience, in that in their first years in the job (one to three years), professors have lower satisfaction rates; the highest levels of satisfaction are found in the final stage (over 35 years). The main factor that influences satisfaction is personal fulfillment (teaching work and relationship with students). It was also possible to identify that positive feelings about teaching predominate (67.3%) compared to negative ones (32.7%). These results show the need for greater attention to be paid in the early years of the career in order to avoid a “reality clash”. They also show the need for other studies to investigate how the phases in the life cycle of accounting professors are characterized.

Secondary hyperalgesia occurs regardless of unilateral or bilateral knee osteoarthritis involvement in individuals with mild or moderate level.

BACKGROUND Secondary hyperalgesia in individuals with less severe levels of knee osteoarthritis remains unclear. The objective of this study was to measure the pressure pain threshold of individuals with mild or moderate knee osteoarthritis and compare with no osteoarthritis. METHODS Ten healthy controls and 30 individuals with mild or moderate knee osteoarthritis divided into two groups (unilateral and bilateral involvement) were included. Dermatomes in lumbar levels (L1, L2, L3, L4 and L5) and sacral level (S1 and S2), myotomes (vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, adductor longus, tibialis anterior, peroneus longus, iliacus, quadratus lumborum, and popliteus muscles), and sclerotomes in lumbar levels (L1-L2, L2-L3, L3-L4, L4-L5 supraspinous ligaments), over the L5-S1 and S1-S2 sacral areas, pes anserinus bursae, and at the patellar tendon pressure pain threshold were assessed and compared between individuals with and without knee osteoarthritis. RESULTS Knee osteoarthritis groups (unilateral and bilateral) reported lower pressure pain threshold compared to the control group in most areas (dermatomes, myotomes, and sclerotomes). There were no between group differences in the supra-spinous ligaments and over the L5-S1 and S1-S2 sacral areas of the sclerotomes. No difference was seen between knee osteoarthritis. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that individuals with mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis had primary and secondary hyperalgesia, independent of unilateral or bilateral involvement. These results suggest that the pain have to be an assertive focus in the clinical practice, independent of the level of severity or involvement of knee osteoarthritis.

DESEMPENHO LOGÍSTICO DO BRASIL NO MERCADO INTERNACIONAL: ANÁLISE DO ÍNDICE LPI

O presente estudo objetivou avaliar o desempenho logistico do Brasil no mercado internacional entre o periodo de 2007 e 2016, com base no indice Logistic Performance Index (LPI) apresentado pelo Banco Mundial. Buscou-se diagnosticar as principais areas que apresentam sintomas de ineficiencia logistica, evidenciando aspectos diferenciais e propondo alternativas a serem implementadas que contribuam para novos investimentos nas operacoes logisticas do mercado internacional. Ressalta-se que os objetivos propostos foram analisados a luz da teoria de posicionamento estrategico, compreendendo que a eficiencia logistica e um componente estrategico. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva com abordagem quantitativa, onde, para analise dos dados, foram empregados os metodos estatisticos analise de cluster, comparacao multipla de medias, analise de regressao e correlacao de Pearson. Os elementos necessarios para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa foram obtidos por meio da pesquisa documental com analise de relatorios do Banco Mundial e dados secundarios, tendo como fonte basica as informacoes ja coletadas e divulgadas pelo Banco Mundial, alem de dados dos sistemas AliceWeb e UNComtrade. Pode-se concluir que o Brasil figura como um pais de desempenho logistico mediano, entretanto ainda esta muito aquem da maioria de seus principais concorrentes. Seu pior desempenho logistico consiste na dimensao alfândega, enquanto seu melhor desempenho refere-se a previsibilidade. Verificou-se, ainda, que paises desenvolvidos se encontram, majoritariamente, agrupados no cluster de elevado desempenho logistico. Por fim, constatou-se que ha uma associacao positiva entre desempenho logistico e volume de exportacoes, enquanto ha uma associacao negativa entre desempenho logistico e custos para importar e exportar.

Electric Utility Rate Regulation and the Impact on the Returns of Power Company Stocks

ABSTRACT This article investigates, using event study methodology, the impact of economic regulation implemented by Provisional Measure 579/2012 (in Portuguese Medida Provisória), promulgated on September 11, 2012 (Brasil, 2012), which became Law 12.783/2013 on January 11, 2013 (Brasil, 2013), on the returns of Brazilian power company stocks. According to the proposed aims of this study, the research is descriptive. In relation to the approach to the problem, it is quantitative; and according to the technical procedures of data collection, the work includes characteristics inherent to documentary research. The study focuses on abnormal returns of power company stocks, seeking thus to find evidence of the cumulative moving average of such abnormal returns around the event date (t0). Using the Economatica system, variables were collected from power industry companies traded on BM&FBovespa. An event study was conducted of the 24 electric power companies with the highest stock liquidity for the year 2012. The results reflected significant abnormal returns, both before and after the date of publication of PM 579/2012, which may be evidence of possible access to privileged information of the discussions undertaken at public hearings and a delayed market reaction to the approval of the measure. This result means the market needs a few days to adapt to announcements made by the Federal Government, which can be construed as a possible market inefficiency.