Jean-Charles Cachon

Geophysical variables and behavior: XXIX. Impact of atmospheric conditions on occurrences of individual violence among Canadian penitentiary populations.

This project studied the effects of weather variables and size of the population on minor and major violence rates within six prisons in the Kingston, Ontario, Canada area from January, 1980 through December, 1983. While weather variables have been studied in relation to mood changes within the general population, this study was the first to analyze the impact of weather variables on rates of violence within the prison setting using forward inclusion multiple regression. Analysis showed that (1) population size consistently appeared positively correlated with assaults on other inmates among the male medium-security prisoners during the summer months. (2) In the summer months, temperature tended to be positively related to some minor kinds of offenses, but in the winter months the relationship was negative. (3) Humidity, rain, sunshine hours, snow, and snow on the ground were not consistently related to incidences of minor and major violence. (4) Indices of geomagnetic disturbances had statistically significant inverse relationships with attempted suicide/self-inflicted injury rates among the male prisoners during the summer months. (5) Over 12 months, wind was generally negatively correlated with incidences of major and minor violence among the male inmates. For 6-mo. periods, wind was generally positively correlated with violence rates during the winter months and negatively correlated during the summer months among the male inmates. (6) The findings relating weather variables to violence rates is the womens prison were consistently in opposition to those found for male prisoners during the 4-yr. period.

L’influence des motivations entrepreneuriales sur la performance des PME

Compte tenu que l’entrepreneuriat occupe une place importante dans l’ensemble de l’économie canadienne, il est primordial de mieux comprendre les facteurs qui aident ou qui limitent le développement économique des petites et moyennes entreprises (PME). C’est dans cette perspective que cette étude cherche à susciter une meilleure compréhension de l’entrepreneuriat en examinant plus attentivement les motivations d’un échantillon de 375 entrepreneurs provenant des provinces canadiennes de l’Atlantique et de l’Ontario.

Self-Employed Females and the Workforce: Some Common Issues Across the Atlantic

This paper was prepared with the support of the Scottish Enterprise Foundations M. Sc. in Entrepreneurial Studies program, and the Foundations Research division.

Entrepreneurial teams: a categorization and their long-term evolution

ABSTRACT Twenty-nine entrepreneurial teams from central Ontario were examined in three aspects: the mechanisms by which they were formed and modified, their social structure and the complementarity of team members were identified: Husband-Wife, Family-related, Partnerings, and Short-term partnerings, each type showing distinctive characteristics in terms of venture creation and team formation.

Assessing Entrepreneurial Orientation in the Instructional Setting: Testing a Model

This research was funded in part by a Social Sciences & Humanities Research Council of Canada block grant.

GENDER MOTIVES OF MEXICAN ENTREPRENEURS IN TWO LARGE URBAN SETTINGS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

The need for an income is cited by several studies as a primary motive for both formal and informal business start-up activities found in emerging countries. Conversely, entrepreneurs from developed countries enjoying more favorable economic conditions (such as the United States, Canada, or the European Union) are mainly motivated by intrinsic motives. Given the extant literature, it appeared important to determine which motivators were at play in larger Mexican urban centers, where economic conditions seemed to have become similar to those of Canada and the United States. No significant differences were observed between the motives of female as compared to male entrepreneurs from urban Mexico because a majority went into business primarily for economic reasons rather than for intrinsic motives. Knowing that Mexican entrepreneurs are mostly motivated by economic goals should help local governments in designing policies aimed at fostering and facilitating entrepreneurship.