Jean-Matthieu Bourgeot

Virtual-Sensor-Based Maximum-Likelihood Voting Approach for Fault-Tolerant Control of Electric Vehicle Powertrains

This paper describes a sensor fault-tolerant control (FTC) for electric-vehicle (EV) powertrains. The proposed strategy deals with speed sensor failure detection and isolation within a reconfigurable induction-motor direct torque control (DTC) scheme. To increase the vehicle powertrain reliability regarding speed sensor failures, a maximum-likelihood voting (MLV) algorithm is adopted. It uses two virtual sensors [extended Kalman filter (EKF) and a Luenberger observer (LO)] and a speed sensor. Experiments on an induction-motor drive and simulations on an EV are carried out using a European urban and extraurban driving cycle to show that the proposed sensor FTC approach is effective and provides a simple configuration with high performance in terms of speed and torque responses.

TRACKING CONTROL OF COMPLEMENTARITY LAGRANGIAN SYSTEMS

In this paper we study the tracking control of Lagrangian systems subject to frictionless unilateral constraints. The stability analysis incorporates the hybrid and nonsmooth dynamical feature of the overall system. The difference between tracking control for unconstrained systems and unilaterally constrained ones, is explained in terms of closed-loop desired trajectories and control signals. This work provides details on the conditions of existence of controllers which guarantee stability. It is shown that the design of a suitable transition phase desired trajectory, is a crucial step. Some simulation results provide information on the robustness aspects. Finally the extension towards the case of multiple impacts, is considered.

Path-planning and tracking in a 3D complex environment for an anthropomorphic biped robot

Biped robots have specific dynamical constraints and stability problems which reduce significantly their motion range. In these conditions, motion planning used for mobile robots cannot be applied to biped robots. In this paper, the path planning problem is seen as finding a sequence of footholds in a 3D environment, keeping robot stability, motion continuity and working within the structural constraints of the biped. The designed path planner contains two parts : The first one determines a reference path which maximises success rate in view of biped capabilities. This reference track is computed by the well know A* search in the graphs algorithm. The second part of the path planner is a path tracking algorithm which makes the robot follow the reference track. Simulation results concern the anthropomorphic 15 degrees of freedom robot BIP2000.

Model-Free Control of Shape Memory Alloys Antagonistic Actuators ⋆

This paper deals with a first application of the new framework of model-free control to the promising technology of shape memory alloys actuators. In particular antagonistic shape memory alloys actuator. These devices are known to be difficult to model in a control perspective. Simulations results are exposed and some preliminary experimental results illustrates the paper.

An improved fault-tolerant control scheme for PWM inverter-fed induction motor-based EVs

This paper proposes an improved fault-tolerant control scheme for PWM inverter-fed induction motor-based electric vehicles. The proposed strategy deals with power switch (IGBTs) failures mitigation within a reconfigurable induction motor control. To increase the vehicle powertrain reliability regarding IGBT open-circuit failures, 4-wire and 4-leg PWM inverter topologies are investigated and their performances discussed in a vehicle context. The proposed fault-tolerant topologies require only minimum hardware modifications to the conventional off-the-shelf six-switch three-phase drive, mitigating the IGBTs failures by specific inverter control. Indeed, the two topologies exploit the induction motor neutral accessibility for fault-tolerant purposes. The 4-wire topology uses then classical hysteresis controllers to account for the IGBT failures. The 4-leg topology, meanwhile, uses a specific 3D space vector PWM to handle vehicle requirements in terms of size (DC bus capacitors) and cost (IGBTs number). Experiments on an induction motor drive and simulations on an electric vehicle are carried-out using a European urban driving cycle to show that the proposed fault-tolerant control approach is effective and provides a simple configuration with high performance in terms of speed and torque responses.

DSP-based sensor fault-tolerant control of electric vehicle powertrains

This paper describes a sensor fault-tolerant control for a high performance induction motor drive that propels an electrical vehicle. The proposed strategy deals with instrument failure detection and isolation within a reconfigurable induction motor direct torque control scheme.

Impact Shaping for Double Support Walk: From the Rocking Block to the Biped Robot

This paper presents a study on how a biped needs to be configured before an impact to achieve double support. To model the biped behavior during the double impact, a novel approach based on the rocking block is proposed. Moreover, an application to the double support walk impact shaping for planar under-actuated biped robot is proposed.

PWM inverter-fed induction motor-based electrical vehicles fault-tolerant control

This paper proposes a fault-tolerant control scheme for PWM inverter-fed induction motor-based electric vehicles. The proposed strategy deals with power switch (IGBTs) failures mitigation within a reconfigurable induction motor control. In a vehicle context, 4-wire and 4-leg PWM inverter topologies are investigated and their performances discussed. Two topologies exploit the induction motor neutral accessibility for fault-tolerant purposes. The 4-wire topology uses then classical hysteresis controllers to account for the IGBT failures. The 4-leg topology, meanwhile, uses a specific 3D space vector PWM to handle vehicle requirements in terms of size (DC bus capacitors) and cost (IGBTs number). Experiments on an induction motor drive and simulations on an electric vehicle are carried-out using a European urban driving cycle to assess the FTC scheme performance and effectiveness.

Modelling and preliminary studies for a self-reacting point absorber WEC

This paper deals with the special case modelling, in both frequency and time domain, of a self-reacting wave energy converter where the reaction force is obtained using a damping plate. In order to take into account the viscous damping that arises on the plate due to the flow separation at the sharp corners, an additional non-linear term have to be introduce. The influence of this non-linearity is then evaluate in a qualitative manner and obviously it is found that we can not neglect it.

Fast algebraic impact times estimation for a linear system subject to unilateral constraint

In this study we propose an estimator for detecting impacts during the evolution of linear systems subject to unilateral constraint with only the measurement of the position (possibly corrupted by noise). The detection scheme is based on fast algebraic estimator methods. This work provides an estimator, which is independent to the knowledge of the constraint position. Some simulation results are given in the presence of noise.