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Featured researches published by Joachim C. Arnold.


The American Journal of Gastroenterology | 2005

Palliation of Nonresectable Bile Duct Cancer: Improved Survival After Photodynamic Therapy

Thomas Zoepf; Ralf Jakobs; Joachim C. Arnold; Darius Apel; Jürgen F. Riemann

OBJECTIVES:Preliminary uncontrolled studies of photodynamic therapy (PDT) of bile duct cancer (BDC) have shown astonishingly good results in the reduction of cholestasis, improvement of life quality, and potential improvement of survival time. Therefore, we investigated the influence of PDT on survival time in advanced BDC in a randomized controlled study.METHODS:Thirty-two patients with nonresectable BDC were randomized. In the PDT group 48 h after intravenous application of 2 mg/kg body weight of Photosan-3®, light activation was performed. In the control group, patients were treated with endoprostheses but no PDT.RESULTS:PDT group and the control group were comparable due to age, gender, performance status, bilirubin level, and BDC stage (Bismuth classification). The median survival time after randomization was 7 months for the control group and 21 months for the PDT group (p = 0.0109). In half of the initially percutaneously treated patients, we could change from percutaneous to transpapillary drainage after PDT. Four patients showed infectious complications after PDT versus one patient in the control group.DISCUSSION:PDT is minimally invasive but shows a considerable postinterventional cholangitis rate. PDT has the potential to result in a changeover of current palliative treatment of BDC.


The American Journal of Gastroenterology | 2001

Photodynamic therapy for palliation of nonresectable bile duct cancer—preliminary results with a new diode laser system

Thomas Zoepf; Ralf Jakobs; Joachim C. Arnold; Darius Apel; Anika Rosenbaum; Jürgen F. Riemann

OBJECTIVES:Preliminary results of photodynamic therapy (PDT) of bile duct cancer have shown astonishingly good results in the reduction of cholestasis, improvement of quality of life, and even prolongation of the survival time. Unfortunately, the existing dye laser systems are large and costly, and their maintenance is expensive. Therefore, we investigated the feasibility of a diode laser system for PDT of nonresectable bile duct cancer.METHODS:Eight patients with nonresectable bile duct cancer were treated. Forty-eight hours after i.v. application of 2 mg/kg body weight of Photosan-3, light activation was performed by a transpapillary (four patients) or percutaneous (four patients) access. We used a cylindrical diffusor tip and illuminated using a wavelength of 633 ± 3 nm and a total energy of 200 J/cm2. All patients were additionally provided with bile duct endoprostheses after PDT.RESULTS:Four weeks after initial PDT all patients showed a marked reduction of bile duct stenosis. The median serum bilirubin value declined from 5.8 mg/dl (2.0–10.1) to 1.0 mg/dl (0.8–4.4). The median survival time at the time of writing is 119 days (52–443). Five patients are still alive. In four patients we could change from percutaneous to transpapillary drainage after PDT, two patients showed infectious complications.CONCLUSION:PDT with the diode laser system seems to be effective in reducing malignant bile duct stenosis. This treatment is minimally invasive and has a low specific complication rate. Randomized, controlled studies comparing PDT with the insertion of endoprostheses and long term follow-up of results are needed to confirm the promising short term results.


Digestive and Liver Disease | 2000

Endoscopic therapy of adenomas of the papilla of Vater. A retrospective analysis with long-term follow-up

M. Vogt; Ralf Jakobs; Claus Benz; Joachim C. Arnold; Henning E. Adamek; Jürgen F. Riemann

AIMS To compare the efficacy and the complication rate between endoscopic snare resection of adenomas of Vaters papilla and endoscopic palliation. METHODS In a retrospective, non randomized manner, we compared long-term results of our endoscopic strategies in 36 patients with histologically confirmed adenoma of Vaters papilla submitted either to local endoscopic snare resection (n=18) or to simple endoscopic palliation (n= 18), respectively. RESULTS Between 1985 and 1998 results were reviewed. Median age was 76.5 (range 42-89) years in the palliation, and 64.0 (23-89) years in the endoscopic snare resection group. Median duration of follow-up was 33 (6-135) and 75.0 (27-123) months, respectively. The incidence of adenocarcinoma of Vaters papilla was 1 per 52.8 patient-years after endoscopic snare resection and 1 per 15.5 patient-years in the group treated with endoscopic palliation. Compared to the results of endoscopic palliation (prosthesis, sphincterotomy), we found a significant reduction of carcinoma-related death (p=0.0045, McNemar) and adenoma carcinoma-sequence (p=0.007, McNemar) after snare resection. CONCLUSIONS This retrospective study suggests that complete endoscopic snare resection of adenomas of Vaters papilla will lead to a lower rate of adenoma-carcinoma sequence, to a lower carcinoma-related death rate and probably improves patient survival. These results should be proven prospectively.


Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology | 2001

Esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis: review of symptoms including upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

Margit Hahne; Dieter Schilling; Joachim C. Arnold; Jürgen F. Riemann

Background Esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis (EIP) is a rare condition manifested by multiple, flask-shaped outpouchings in the wall of the esophagus, which represent dilated excretory ducts of esophageal mucous glands. Study Five patients with EIP were evaluated with regard to symptoms and concomitant diseases, as well as endoscopic, radiologic, and manometric findings. Results Primary clinical symptoms reported by the five patients (three men and two women; age range, 59–72 years) were increasing dysphagia (n = 3), upper gastrointestinal bleeding (n = 1), and no symptoms (n = 1). Concomitant diseases were chronic alcoholism (n = 3), diabetes mellitus (n = 1), and reflux esophagitis (n = 1). Primary diagnosis was made endoscopically in all cases. Endoscopic findings other than pseudodiverticula were esophageal webs (n = 2) and proximal esophageal stenoses (n = 4). The typical radiologic findings were detectable in two patients, pathologic manometric findings were seen in only one patient. The authors treated the concomitant diseases and performed endoscopic dilatations of esophageal stenoses. One case with initial bleeding from an associated web is described in detail. According to our knowledge, this is the first publication of a case of EIP-associated bleeding. Conclusion Esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis is a differential diagnosis in cases of dysphagia and/or esophageal strictures if no other causes are found. The authors think that endoscopy is the method of choice for establishing the diagnosis.


Medizinische Klinik | 2001

Photodynamische Therapie von Dysplasien und Frühkarzinomen bei Barrett-Ösophagus mit einem Diodenlasersystem – eine Pilotstudie

Thomas Zöpf; Anika Rosenbaum; Darius Apel; Ralf Jakobs; Joachim C. Arnold; Jürgen F. Riemann

ZusammenfassungHintergrund: Die photodynamische Therapie (PDT) von Dysplasien und Frühkarzinomen des Ösophagus konnte in ersten Studien gute Ergebnisse bezüglich ihres Ablationspotentials zeigen. Die bislang verwendeten teuren und wartungsaufwendigen Farbstofflaser verhinderten einen breiten klinischen Einsatz. Ziel der Pilotstudie war es, die Eignung der neuen preisgünstigen und wartungsfreien Diodenlaser zur PDT von Dysplasien und Frühkarzinomen der Barrett-Schleimhaut zu prüfen. Patienten und Methodik: Acht Patienten mit Barrett-Ösophagus und/oder Frühkarzinomen wurden behandelt. Als Lichtquelle diente ein Diodenlasersystem mit 2 W Leistung und einer Wellenlänge von 633± 3 nm. Ein Patient wurde primär mit Photosan-3® behandelt, sieben Patienten erhielten initial 5Aminolävulinsäure. Ergebnisse: In allen Fällen ließen sich eine Längenreduktion und/oder ein histologisches Down-Grading erzielen. Bei drei Viertel der Patienten gelang die komplette histologische Eradikation eines Adenokarzinoms. Metaplastisches Zylinderepithel des Barrett-Ösophagus ließ sich ebenfalls komplett eradizieren. Schlussfolgerung: Die PDT mit Diodenlasersystemen bei Barrett-Ösophagus/Adenokarzinom weist eine vergleichbare Effektivität wie die PDT mit Farbstofflasersystemen auf. Es handelt sich dabei um ein wirkungsvolles und schonendes Verfahren mit geringem Nebenwirkungsspektrum.AbstractBackground: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) of dysplasia and early cancer of the esophagus could show good results in the potential of ablation. Unfortunately, the existing expensive and temperamental dye laser systems foiled a broad clinical use. In this pilot study, we investigated the feasibility of an inexpensive and maintenance-free diode laser system for PDT of dysplasia and early cancer in Barretts esophagus. Patients and Methods: Eight patients with Barretts esophagus and/or early cancer were treated. As light source we used a diode laser system with a maximum power output of 2 W and a wavelength of 633±3 nm. One patient was treated initially with Photosan-3®, seven patients received 5-aminolevulinic acid. Results: In all patients we could achieve reduction in length and/or histologically proven downgrading. In three quarters of the patients, complete eradication of adenocarcinoma could be attained. Columnar-lined metaplastic epithelium could also be completely eradicated. Conclusion: PDT using a diode laser system is comparably effective in Barretts esophagus/early cancer as PDT with dye laser systems. PDT is a gentle and effective technique wit little side effects.


Gastroenterology | 2000

Photodynamic therapy with 5-aminolevulinic acid is not effective in bile duct cancer

Thomas Zoepf; Ralf Jakobs; Anika Rosenbaum; Darius Apel; Joachim C. Arnold; Juergen F. Riemann

BACKGROUND The results of preliminary studies of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for palliation of patients with bile duct cancer with hematoporphyrin derivative have been good. Rapid elimination of a photosensitizer could potentially shorten the time requirement for shielding from light. This would enhance the benefit of this form of palliative treatment. Therefore the feasibility of PDT was investigated for nonresectable bile duct cancer by using 5-aminolevulinic acid. METHODS Four patients with nonresectable bile duct cancer underwent cholangiography, cholangioscopy, and intraductal US before PDT. Light activation was performed 5 to 7 hours after oral administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid. All patients had an endoprosthesis placed in the bile duct after PDT. RESULTS Cholangioscopy 72 hours after PDT revealed superficial fibrinoid necrosis. However, 4 weeks after PDT there was no significant reduction in bile duct stenoses. Two patients had infectious complications develop, but phototoxicity was not observed. CONCLUSIONS Although superficial tumor necrosis was evident, PDT with 5-aminolevulinic acid failed to significantly reduce malignant bile duct obstruction. Therefore 5-aminolevulinic acid-PDT cannot be recommended for the palliative treatment of bile duct cancer.


Medizinische Klinik | 1999

Gastrointestinale Komplikationen des Diabetes mellitus

Michael Vogt; Henning E. Adamek; Joachim C. Arnold; Dieter Schilling; Thomas Schleiffer; Jürgen F. Riemann

Zusammenfassung□ HintergrundDer Diabetes mellitus führt zu einem großem Spektrum von Symptomen und Organmanifestationen im Bereich, des Verdauungssystems.□ GrundlagenDie Pathophysiologie, diagnostischen Strategien und die zahlreichen Differentialdiagnosen dieser Folgeerkrankungen, die unter dem Begriff der diabetischen Enteropathie zusammengefaßt werden können, werden eingehend dargestellt.□ KlinikEinen großen Raum nehmen hierbei die Motilitätsstörungen des Intestinums und deren Behandlung ein. Klinisch bedeutsam sind die Motilitätsstörungen vor allem in Form einer verzögerten Magenentleerung und der Obstipation. Diabetiker neigen außerdem zu infektiösen Komplikationen, möglicherweise zur Ausbildung bestimmter Neoplasien und weiterer Folgeerkrankungen, die in organbezogener Reihenfolge besprochen werden. Hierbei werden die mit einem Diabetes mellitus assoziierten Erkrankungen des Magens, der Leber, der Gallenblase, des Pankreas und des Darms berücksichtigt.□ SchlußfolgerungDie neuen diagnostischen und therapeutischen Strategien erfordern eine enge Kooperation der klinischen Fächer, um intestinalen Folgeerkrankungen des Diabetes mellitus vorzubeugen oder diese erfolgreich zu therapieren.Abstract□ BackgroundDiabetes mellitus leads to a broad spectrum of symptoms and manifestations in the field of gastroenterology.□ BasisThis article reviews the pathophysiology, differential diagnoses and secondary diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in diabetic patients.□ Clinical AppearanceMotility disorders, infectious complications, secondary diseases of the stomach, liver, pancreas, gall bladder, small and large bowel are considered and discussed. Diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for the management of diabetic enteropathy are presented.□ ConclusionThe new strategies in diagnosis and therapy for a successfull prevention or treatment of gastrointestinal complications due to diabetes mellitus need good cooperation of clinical specialities.


Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift | 2018

Vorsorge und Screening beim kolorektalen Karzinom

Axel Eickhoff; Dirk Hartmann; Ralf Jakobs; Dieter Schilling; Henning E. Adamek; Bernd Kohler; Claus Benz; Joachim C. Arnold; Matthias Harloff; Matthias Maier; Christian-René de Mas; Martin Wr; Jos Weber; Dorothee Dorlars; Júlio Carlos Pereira-Lima

at the end of the article Πρόληψη του ορθοκολικού καρκίνου και προσυμπτωματικός έλεγχος Ο ορθοκολικός καρκίνος (colorectal cancer, CRC) είναι ένας από τους συχνότερους καρκίνους παγκοσμίως, σχετίζεται με την υιοθέτηση του δυτικού τρόπου ζωής και στην πλειονότητα των περιπτώσεων −αν εξαιρεθούν οι κληρονομικές μορφές του− εμφανίζεται σε ηλικιωμένους ασθενείς. Αυτό σημαίνει ότι με τις κατάλληλες στρατηγικές πρόληψης, είτε πρωτογενώς με την αλλαγή του τρόπου ζωής, είτε δευτερογενώς με τον προσυμπτωματικό έλεγχο, μπορεί να επιτευχθεί μείωση τόσο της επίπτωσής του, όσο και της θνησιμότητας που προκαλείται εξαιτίας του. Παράγοντες κινδύνου που σχετίζονται μακροπρόθεσμα με την ανάπτυξη CRC και αποτελούν στόχο της πρωτογενούς πρόληψης είναι η μειωμένη κατανάλωση φρούτων και λαχανικών, η αυξημένη κατανάλωση λίπους, το κάπνισμα, η αυξημένη κατανάλωση οινοπνεύματος και η μειωμένη φυσική δραστηριότητα. Αναφορές, ωστόσο, υπάρχουν και για ενδεχόμενες προοπτικές χημειοπροφύλαξης με τη βοήθεια φαρμακευτικών προϊόντων, όπως είναι τα μη στεροειδή αντιφλεγμονώδη. Σε ό,τι αφορά στον προσυμπτωματικό έλεγχο, η έναρξή του συνιστάται να γίνεται από την ηλικία των 50 ετών για άτομα με μέσο κίνδυνο για την εμφάνιση CRC, νωρίτερα όμως για εκείνους με αυξημένο κίνδυνο, όπως με οικογενειακό ιστορικό CRC ή οικογενείς μορφές καρκίνου, σύμφωνα με καθορισμένες οδηγίες για τη συχνότητα του ελέγχου. Την πρότυπη μέθοδο του ανωτέρω ελέγχου αποτελεί η κολοσκόπηση, η οποία επιτυγχάνει την αποκάλυψη σημαντικού αριθμού ασθενών με προκαρκινικές βλάβες, συμβάλλοντας έτσι στη μεγάλη μείωση του αριθμού θανάτων από CRC. ποσοστό >1/3 των περιπτώσεων καταγράφηκαν εκτός των βιομηχανικών χωρών, γεγονός που καταρρίπτει το μύθο ότι ο CRC αφορά αυστηρά στις δυτικές χώρες. Επιπλέον, η αύξηση του μέσου όρου ζωής του πληθυσμού των μη βιομηχανοποιημένων χωρών θα αυξήσει τον αριθμό των περιπτώσεων διαγνωσμένου CRC στα επόμενα χρόνια. Εξάλλου, το 90% των περιπτώσεων CRC αφορά στις ηλικίες >40 ετών, με το 85% αυτών να παρατηρείται σε ηλικίες >60 ετών (εικ. 1).2,3 2. ΠΑΡΑΓΟΝΤΕΣ ΚΙΝΔΥΝΟΥ ΤΟΥ ΟΡΘΟΚΟΛΙΚΟΥ ΚΑΡΚΙΝΟΥ ΚΑΙ ΤΗΣ ΠΡΟΓΝΩΣΗΣ ΤΟΥ Για την εμφάνιση του CRC, εκτός από την ηλικία, έχουν ενοχοποιηθεί κληρονομικοί αλλά και τροποποιήσιμοι παράγοντες κινδύνου (πίν. 1). Έχει αποδειχθεί ότι >75% των περιπτώσεων ορθοκολικού καρκίνου αφορά σε μη κληρονομήσιμες ή σε σποραδικές μορφές της νόσου (πίν. 2). Οι κατηγορίες υψηλού κινδύνου ασθενών, όπως εκείνοι με οικογενείς μορφές της νόσου, με οικογενειακό ιστορικό 1. ΕΙΣΑΓΩΓΗ Ο ορθοκολικός καρκίνος (colorectal cancer, CRC) αποτελεί πρόβλημα δημόσιας υγείας, αφού κάθε χρόνο διαγιγνώσκονται σχεδόν ένα εκατομμύριο νέες περιπτώσεις παγκοσμίως και εξαιτίας του προκαλούνται μισό εκατομμύριο θάνατοι. Τα υψηλότερα ποσοστά σημειώνονται στη βόρεια Αμερική, στην Ευρώπη και στην Αυστραλία, ενώ τα ποσοστά σε Αφρική και Ασία είναι χαμηλά, αυξάνονται όμως σε χώρες που υιοθετούν δυτικές διατροφικές συνήθειες.1 Η συχνότητα εμφάνισης της νόσου είναι μεγαλύτερη στους άνδρες απ’ ό,τι στις γυναίκες (19,1 και 14,4/100.000, αντίστοιχα), ενώ πρόσφατα επιδημιολογικά δεδομένα έδειξαν ότι στις ΗΠΑ είναι ο τρίτος συχνότερος τύπος καρκίνου, παρά το γεγονός ότι τόσο στις ΗΠΑ όσο και στην Ευρώπη αποτελεί τη δεύτερη πιο συχνή αιτία θανάτου μεταξύ των διαφόρων μορφών νεοπλασμάτων. Ενδεικτικά, το 2002 καταγράφηκαν 944.717 περιστατικά CRC παγκοσμίως, από τα οποία 498.754 νέες περιπτώσεις σε άνδρες και 445.963 νέες περιπτώσεις σε γυναίκες. Μάλιστα, ............................................... Ε. Τσακιρίδου,1 Κ. Αργυρίου,2 Α. Χατζητόλιος3 1Μεταπτυχιακό Πρόγραμμα «Πρωτοβάθμια Φροντίδα Υγείας», Τμήμα Ιατρικής, Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλίας, Βόλος 2Α ́ Παθολογική Κλινική, ΓΝΝ Σερρών, Σέρρες 3Α ́ Προπαιδευτική Παθολογική Κλινική, Αριστοτέλειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης, Νοσοκομείο «ΑΧΕΠΑ», Θεσσαλονίκη ............................................... Υποβλήθηκε 8.9.2008 Εγκρίθηκε 4.12.2008 Λέξεις ευρετηρίου Ορθοκολικός καρκίνος Παράγοντες κινδύνου Προσυμπτωματικός έλεγχος Χημειοπροφύλαξη Copyright


Medizinische Klinik | 2001

Das hepatozelluläre Adenom: Diagnosesicherung unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von Duplexsonographie und Laparoskopie

Franka Menge; Andreas Spiethoff; Jürgen F. Riemann; Joachim C. Arnold

ZusammenfassungFallbeschreibung: Eine 46-jährige Patientin stellt sich zur weiteren Abklärung einer hausärztlich sonographisch und computertomographisch diagnostizierten isolierten Raumforderung der Leber vor. Auch die Duplexsonographie unter Verwendung eines Signalverstärkers ließ keine eindeutige Diagnosestellung zu. Die Laparoskopie zeigte makroskopisch das Bild eines Leberzelladenoms. Diese Diagnose wurde durch die histologische Aufarbeitung der entnommenen Biopsie bestätigt. Schlussfolgerung: Klinik, Diagnose, bildgebende diagnostische Verfahren und Differentialdiagnostik des Leberzelladenoms werden diskutiert.AbstractCase Report: A 46-year-old female patient presented for further investigation of an isolated liver lesion that was diagnosed by her physician by abdominal ultrasound and computertomography. The Doppler ultrasound (including a signal amplifier) could not differentiate the lesion so that a laparoscopy was performed. A hepatic adenoma was found which was confirmed by the histological examination of a directed liver biopsy. Conclusion: Signs and symptoms, diagnostic procedures and differential diagnostic options of a hepatic adenoma are discussed.


Gastrointestinal Endoscopy | 2000

7007 Minilaparoscopy versus conventional diagnostic laparoscopy in chronic liver disease - preliminary results of a prospective trial.

Arne R. Schneider; Claus Benz; Henning E. Adamek; Ralf Jakobs; Dieter Schilling; Juergen F. Riemann; Joachim C. Arnold

Introduction: Minilaparoscopy (ML) increasingly establishes in the diagnosis of liver disease. We hereby present our results of a prospective study comparing ML and conventional laparoscopy (CL) in the diagnostic workup of patients with liver disease. Patients and methods: 96 patients were randomized either to undergo CL (n = 47) or ML (n = 49) for the diagnosis of suspected liver disease. Conventional laparoscopy was performed with a 11mm-standard Storz laparoscope (Storz, Tuttlingen, Germany) according to previously published guidelines. For minilaparoscopy we used a 1,9 mm-minioptic (Richard Wolf GmbH, Knittlingen, Germany). In all cases, we attempted to obtain a liver biopsy. Results: Laparoscopy could successfully be performed in 92/96 (96%) patients with simultaneous biopsies of the liver. Compared to CL, ML could be performed in a significantly shorter period of time (27,6 min vs.25,1 min, p≤.0,05). In four cases (1 CL and 3 ML), postoperative adhesions prevented sufficient inspection of the liver and in one further patient the technique was switched from CL to ML for the same reason. Minor, self-limiting bleeding after biopsy was observed during 7 examinations with either technique, 2 patients in the ML-group (liver cirrhosis stage Child-Pugh C with ascites) required surgery for uncontrollable bleeding. The patients` subjective perception of the examination was comparable in both groups. Macroscopic and microscopic findings equaled in both groups: During CL and ML, macroscopic signs of cirrhosis were found in 33/47 (70%) and 26/49 (53%) patients, respectively. Histological confirmation of these findings could be obtained in 76% and 77%, respectively. On the other hand, liver cirrhosis was diagnosed by histology in 1/14 (7%) and 1/23 (4%) patients without macroscopic signs of cirrhosis. Discussion: The diagnostic gain of laparoscopy with minioptics in the workup of liver disease seems to be comparable with the results obtained by CL. An advantage is a lower degree of invasiveness and a shorter examination time in ML.

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