João Agnaldo do Nascimento

Prevalência de fatores de risco para doenças crônicas não-transmissíveis: impacto de 16 semanas de treinamento futebolístico em índices do estado nutricional e da aptidão física de praticantes de futebol society

The study objective is to identify the prevalence of risk factors (RF) to non-transmissible chronic diseases (NTCD) in society soccer practitioners and the impact of 16 weeks of soccer training in the nutritional status (NS) and the physical ability index. Methods: Sample: 45 individuals (38.6 ± 7.4 years), divided in two groups: experimental (G1 = 22) and control (G2 = 23). The G1 was submitted to a training program of three sessions by week in alternated days with 90 minutes (min) duration. The G2 participated once a week, in soccer game, with 90 min duration. The research variables contemplated RF for NTCD, anthropometric indicators, biochemical analysis and physical ability index. Data analysis counted on descriptive and inferential statistics by SPSS 13.0. Results: The major risk factors prevalence’s pointed to: the overweight (65.0%), cancer family history (57.5%) and cardiac disease (55.0%) and hypertriglyceridemia (32.5%). The G1 presented body mass (p = 0.007), waist circumference (p = 0.010), body mass index (p = 0.007) and fat percentage (p = 0.004), reduction, fact no observed in G2. In both of the groups, total cholesterol analysis, triglycerides and fasting glucose, didn’t demonstrative significant reduction during the observation period (p > 0.05). G1 got better indexes of maximum oxygen consumption (p = 0.011), muscular resistance (p = 0.000) and flexibility (p = 0.000), what did not happen in G2. Conclusion: The soccer players presented high prevalence of RF to NTCD. In general terms, G1 got satisfactory changes in NS and physical ability index during 16 weeks period, conditions that weren’t identified in G2.O objetivo do estudo foi identificar a prevalencia de fatores de risco (FR) para doencas cronicas nao-transmissiveis (DCNT) em praticantes de futebol society e o impacto de 16 semanas de treinamento futebolistico em indices do estado nutricional e da aptidao fisica. METODOS: Amostra: 45 individuos (38,6 ± 7,4 anos), divididos em dois grupos: Experimental (G1 = 22) e Controle (G2 = 23). O G1 submeteu-se a um programa de treinamento de tres sessoes semanais em dias alternados com duracao de 90 minutos (min). O G2 participou, uma vez por semana, de jogo de futebol, com duracao de 90 min. As variaveis de investigacao contemplaram FR para DCNT, indicadores antropometricos, analises bioquimicas e da aptidao fisica. A analise dos dados contou com estatistica descritiva e inferencial mediante o SPSS 13.0. RESULTADOS: As maiores prevalencias de FR apontaram para o sobrepeso (65,0%), historia familiar de câncer (57,5%) e cardiopatias (55,0%) e hipertrigliceridemia (32,5%). O G1 apresentou diminuicao na massa corporal (p = 0,007), circunferencia abdominal (p = 0,010), indice de massa corporea (p = 0,007) e percentual de gordura (p = 0,004), fato nao observado no G2. Em ambos os grupos, as analises do colesterol total, triglicerideos e glicose em jejum, nao mostraram diminuicao significativa durante o periodo investigado (p > 0,05). O G1 obteve melhores indices de consumo maximo de oxigenio (p = 0,011), resistencia muscular (p = 0,000) e flexibilidade (p = 0,000), o que nao ocorreu no G2. CONCLUSAO: Os futebolistas apresentaram alta prevalencia de FR para DCNT. Em termos gerais, o G1 obteve mudancas satisfatorias no estado nutricional e na aptidao fisica durante o periodo de 16 semanas, condicao nao identificada no G2.

CARACTERIZAÇÃO DAS VÍTIMAS DE ACIDENTE DE TRÂNSITO QUE APRESENTARAM TRAUMATISMO RAQUIMEDULAR

Objective: To outline the epidemiological profile of victims of traffic accidents who had spinal cord injury (SCI) as regards socio-economic and physical-motor variables, verifying the relationship between complications of trauma and compromised quality of life of these victims due to ulcers pressure, urinary incontinence, autonomic dysreflexia, spasticity and pain syndromes. Materials and Methods: This was an observational and retrospective study whose sample consisted of 32 individuals who answered a semi-structured and standardized questionnaire. Inclusion criteria were adopted: presenting SCI caused by traffic accident, being an adult and living in Joao Pessoa. Results: The sample consisted of 32 adults; 20 of these (65.2%) were males and 23 (72%) had more than four years of schooling. In addition, they all had complications after trauma with compromised quality of life. Conclusion: It is expected to open a humanized look into the population studied here, guide health professionals to new researches due to the lack of significant epidemiological studies, as well as to support public polices focused on prevention of SCI. DESCRIPTORS: Nursing. External causes. Epidemiology. Accidents, Traffic. Spinal Injuries.

MODELO DE DECISÃO SOBRE OS FATORES DE RISCO PARA O BAIXO PESO AO NASCER EM JOÃO PESSOA-PB

Introduction: The prevalence of low birth weight in Brazil has been increasing each decade. Nowadays, 11% of children present low weight. As the newborn weight decreases the mortality rates increase, and this increase is much clearer when gestational age is lower. Objective: This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with the low birth weight of children of Joao Pessoa, PB. Methodology: It was conducted an observational and sectional study, in which we used data from 56,904 live birth certificates from 2005 to 2009. The dependent variable was birth weight, and the independent variables were related to the gestational and maternal characteristics concerning birth and the newborn. Results: Logistic regression was used to investigate the association between the variables. Birth weight average was 3.216g, ranging from 500g to 6.015g. The determinants for the underweight in children were multiple births, gender, ethnicity, appearing as a protection factor the prenatal care, the Apgar score at the fifth minute and the time of pregnancy. Conclusion: From this study it was possible to recognize the importance of prenatal and postnatal factors, showing the need for preventive care in order to reduce risk factors and to reinforce conditions that work as protective factors. DESCRIPTORS: Birth Weight. Risk Factors. Infant, Low Birth Weight.

Prevalence of risk factors of non-transmissible chronic diseases: the impact of 16 weeks of soccer training at nutritional status and physical aptitude indexes in society soccer practitioners

The study objective is to identify the prevalence of risk factors (RF) to non-transmissible chronic diseases (NTCD) in society soccer practitioners and the impact of 16 weeks of soccer training in the nutritional status (NS) and the physical ability index. Methods: Sample: 45 individuals (38.6 ± 7.4 years), divided in two groups: experimental (G1 = 22) and control (G2 = 23). The G1 was submitted to a training program of three sessions by week in alternated days with 90 minutes (min) duration. The G2 participated once a week, in soccer game, with 90 min duration. The research variables contemplated RF for NTCD, anthropometric indicators, biochemical analysis and physical ability index. Data analysis counted on descriptive and inferential statistics by SPSS 13.0. Results: The major risk factors prevalence’s pointed to: the overweight (65.0%), cancer family history (57.5%) and cardiac disease (55.0%) and hypertriglyceridemia (32.5%). The G1 presented body mass (p = 0.007), waist circumference (p = 0.010), body mass index (p = 0.007) and fat percentage (p = 0.004), reduction, fact no observed in G2. In both of the groups, total cholesterol analysis, triglycerides and fasting glucose, didn’t demonstrative significant reduction during the observation period (p > 0.05). G1 got better indexes of maximum oxygen consumption (p = 0.011), muscular resistance (p = 0.000) and flexibility (p = 0.000), what did not happen in G2. Conclusion: The soccer players presented high prevalence of RF to NTCD. In general terms, G1 got satisfactory changes in NS and physical ability index during 16 weeks period, conditions that weren’t identified in G2.O objetivo do estudo foi identificar a prevalencia de fatores de risco (FR) para doencas cronicas nao-transmissiveis (DCNT) em praticantes de futebol society e o impacto de 16 semanas de treinamento futebolistico em indices do estado nutricional e da aptidao fisica. METODOS: Amostra: 45 individuos (38,6 ± 7,4 anos), divididos em dois grupos: Experimental (G1 = 22) e Controle (G2 = 23). O G1 submeteu-se a um programa de treinamento de tres sessoes semanais em dias alternados com duracao de 90 minutos (min). O G2 participou, uma vez por semana, de jogo de futebol, com duracao de 90 min. As variaveis de investigacao contemplaram FR para DCNT, indicadores antropometricos, analises bioquimicas e da aptidao fisica. A analise dos dados contou com estatistica descritiva e inferencial mediante o SPSS 13.0. RESULTADOS: As maiores prevalencias de FR apontaram para o sobrepeso (65,0%), historia familiar de câncer (57,5%) e cardiopatias (55,0%) e hipertrigliceridemia (32,5%). O G1 apresentou diminuicao na massa corporal (p = 0,007), circunferencia abdominal (p = 0,010), indice de massa corporea (p = 0,007) e percentual de gordura (p = 0,004), fato nao observado no G2. Em ambos os grupos, as analises do colesterol total, triglicerideos e glicose em jejum, nao mostraram diminuicao significativa durante o periodo investigado (p > 0,05). O G1 obteve melhores indices de consumo maximo de oxigenio (p = 0,011), resistencia muscular (p = 0,000) e flexibilidade (p = 0,000), o que nao ocorreu no G2. CONCLUSAO: Os futebolistas apresentaram alta prevalencia de FR para DCNT. Em termos gerais, o G1 obteve mudancas satisfatorias no estado nutricional e na aptidao fisica durante o periodo de 16 semanas, condicao nao identificada no G2.

Variation in the Hearing Threshold in Women during the Menstrual Cycle

Introduction  The hormonal changes that occur during the menstrual cycle and their relationship with hearing problems have been studied. However, they have not been well explained. Objective  The objective of our study is to investigate the variation in hearing thresholds in women during the menstrual cycle. Method  We conducted a cohort and longitudinal study. It was composed of 30 volunteers, aged 18–39 years old, of which 20 were women during the phases of the menstrual cycle and 10 were men (control group) who underwent audiometry and impedance exams, to correlate the possible audiological changes in each phase of the menstrual cycle. Results  There were significant changes in hearing thresholds observed during the menstrual cycle phases in the group of women who used hormonal contraceptives and the group who did not use such contraceptives. Improved hearing thresholds were observed in the late follicular phase in the group who did not use hormonal contraceptives and the hearing thresholds at high frequencies were better. Throughout the menstrual cycle phases, the mean variation was 3.6 db HL between weeks in the group who used hormonal contraceptives and 4.09 db HL in the group who did not use them. Conclusions  The present study found that there may be a relationship between hearing changes and hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle based on changes in the hearing thresholds of women. In addition, this study suggests that estrogen has an otoprotective effect on hearing, since the best hearing thresholds were found when estrogen was at its maximum peak.

Integration of health services in the care of people living with aids: an approach using a decision tree

The care offer to people living with HIV/AIDS must transcend specialized outpatient services and include the participation of the Family Health Strategy. By understanding the importance of integration between these two points in the care network, the study aimed to build a decision support model to assist professionals of specialized health services in identifying behavior patterns in the use of Family Health Strategy services by people living with HIV/AIDS attended in the outpatient clinic. Thus, was proposed a model called decision tree, created from a database of 141 people with AIDS, users of a specialized outpatient clinic. The decision-making variable was the use of Family Health Strategy services by evaluating the integration of care. The model enabled the establishment of 23 rules with 80.1% hit percentage, what may support the decision-making of professionals in identifying situations in which it is necessary to stimulate the use of the Family Health Strategy by users.

EPIDEMIOLOGIA DA INFECÇÃO HOSPITALAR EM UMA UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA DE UM HOSPITAL PÚBLICO MUNICIPAL DE JOÃO PESSOA-PB

Objective: To understand the epidemiology of nosocomial infections in an ICU of a Public Municipal Hospital. Method: This was a descriptive, retrospective study performed in the IC of a Public Municipal Hospital in Joao Pessoa, PB, from January to October 2011. We included critical patients whose ICU admission and discharge occurred on different dates. The cases of nosocomial infections were identified through active search of records of the Hospital´s Infection Control Service. Results: The overall nosocomial infection rate was 23.4 % (57/244) and incidence density was 32.86 per 1,000 patients/day. The rate of primary bloodstream infection was 15.07 per 1,000 catheters/day; for pneumonia, it was 29.1 per 1,000 mechanical ventilators/day and urinary tract infection 8.20 per bladder catheters/day. The main microorganisms involved in these infections were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (31.58 %), Acinetobacter baumanni (15.79 %) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.53%). The length of ICU stay and the use of invasive procedures were the risk factors predictive for the occurrence of hospital infection. Conclusion: Nosocomial Infection is a fairly common problem in critical environments; thus it is required a systematization of practices aimed at prevention and control of the disease. DESCRIPTORES Cross Infection. Epidemiology. Intensive Care Unit.

Associação entre a violência doméstica e a qualidade de vida das mulheres

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the association between domestic violence against women and quality of life. Method: a cross-sectional population-based household survey conducted with women 18 years and older, using a stratified sample by neighborhoods. For analysis, prevalence of domestic violence and quality of life index was verified and logistic regression was used to determine associations, with a significance level of 5%. Results: 424 women who had a prevalence of domestic violence of 54.4% and a quality of life index of 61.59 participated in this study. It was verified, through logistic regression, that domestic violence is associated with womens quality of life (p=0,017). The observed variables that influence the occurrence of domestic violence were in the social relations domain (p=0,000), provision of medical treatment for women (p=0,019) and safety (p=0,006). Conclusion: the study confirmed the evidence of an association between domestic violence against women and quality of life, a situation that reaffirms the importance of constructing public policies focused on gender emancipation.Objective: to analyze the association between domestic violence against women and quality of life. Method: a cross-sectional population-based household survey conducted with women 18 years and older, using a stratified sample by neighborhoods. For analysis, prevalence of domestic violence and quality of life index was verified and logistic regression was used to determine associations, with a significance level of 5%. Results: 424 women who had a prevalence of domestic violence of 54.4% and a quality of life index of 61.59 participated in this study. It was verified, through logistic regression, that domestic violence is associated with womens quality of life (p=0,017). The observed variables that influence the occurrence of domestic violence were in the social relations domain (p=0,000), provision of medical treatment for women (p=0,019) and safety (p=0,006). Conclusion: the study confirmed the evidence of an association between domestic violence against women and quality of life, a situation that reaffirms the importance of constructing public policies focused on gender emancipation.

Prevalence Of Burnout Syndrome And Factors Associated With University Teachers

This is a systematic review that sought to identify the prevalence and factors associated with Burnout Syndrome in university teachers. The collection of the studies was done through descriptors in databases, which resulted in the selection of 8 articles. The prevalence for burnout had a small variation, but presented worrying values. The most frequent associated factors were: work overload, accumulation of activities beyond teaching, high employment ties, devaluation of the work performed and low remuneration. Burnout is still little recognized and studied in the category of university teachers, and it is difficult to identify an exact prevalence for this category. However, the associated factors are well defined and should be considered as a starting point for the prevention of the syndrome.

Implantação do e-SUS AB no Distrito Sanitário IV de João Pessoa (PB): relato de experiência

Os sistemas de informacao tem o proposito de auxiliar os gestores nas tomadas de decisoes. O e-SUS AB facilita e contribui para a organizacao do trabalho dos profissionais de saude na Atencao Basica. O presente artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar o processo de implantacao e desenvolvimento do e-SUS AB no Distrito Sanitario IV de Joao Pessoa (PB), em 2014. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, na forma de relato de experiencia, o qual aponta as dificuldades e qualidades do sistema. Conclui-se que os esforcos para reestruturacao do sistema so serao efetivos com o apoio dos envolvidos na implantacao, na utilizacao e no aprimoramento do Sistema de Informacao em Saude da Atencao Basica (Sisab) e da estrategia e-SUS AB.