Rodrigo Pinheiro de Toledo Vianna

Insegurança alimentar das famílias residentes em municípios do interior do estado da Paraíba, Brasil

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of household food security in 14 municipalities of Paraiba State and examine its association with the social, demographic and economic profile of these families. METHODS: A cross-sectional study comprising 4,533 families was performed. A questionnaire was used to assess the sociodemographic characteristics together with the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. The prevalences were calculated and the association between the studied variables was verified by the chi-square test. A logistic regression model was adjusted to identify risk factors associated with food security and insecurity. RESULTS: The prevalence of food insecurity was 11.3% for severe, 17.6% for moderate and 23.6% for mild. Food security was found in 47.5% of the families. The situation in rural areas was worse than in urban areas. Insufficient money to buy food was the main reason reported for the food insecurity status. The final logistic regression consisted of three variables: low per capita family income (US

A prática de amamentar entre mulheres que exercem trabalho remunerado na Paraíba, Brasil: um estudo transversal

12.00 vs. US

Prevalência e fatores associados ao baixo nível de atividade física entre estudantes universitários de uma universidade pública da região Nordeste - Brasil

150.00, Odds Ratio=19.10), poor household conditions (Odds Ratio=1.98) and permanent absence of water supply (Odds Ratio=1.38). A lower prevalence of severe food insecurity was found among families with per capita monthly income up to US

Prevalência e preditores antropométricos de pressão arterial elevada em escolares de João Pessoa - PB

12.00 that were included in social programs. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of food insecurity was high. The methodology used proved to be an important assessment tool of food security status and useful to monitor public policies such as the social programs that are part of the Fome Zero (Zero Hunger) strategy of the Federal Government.

Modelagem da incidência do dengue na Paraíba, Brasil, por modelos de defasagem distribuída

Paid work should not be an obstacle to womens breastfeeding. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months. In Brazil, women are legally entitled to 4 months of maternity leave, but in practice few women enjoy such benefits. How is it possible to practice exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months? We analyzed both the breastfeeding rates and whether paid jobs interfere with breastfeeding in Paraíba State, Northeast Brazil. We conducted a cross-sectional study in 70 of 223 municipalities (counties) during the annual immunization campaign in 2002. Among 11,076 infants (< 12 months of age), the exclusive breastfeeding rate at 0-4 months was 22.4% and was significantly higher among working women receiving maternity leave as compared to those who did not. The prevalence of total and predominant breastfeeding for 4 months was significantly lower among working women. In rural areas, having paid work was associated with a reduction in exclusive breastfeeding. The results show that breastfeeding practices in Paraíba fall far short of WHO recommendations, especially when mothers return to their paid jobs.

Feeding practice among children under 24 months in the semi-arid area of Paraíba, Brazil

Os baixos niveis de atividade fisica estao relacionados com o aumento da ocorrencia de doencas cronicas e a reducao da qualidade de vida da populacao. Este estudo buscou estimar a prevalencia de baixo nivel de atividade fisica entre estudantes de graduacao da Universidade Federal da Paraiba, bem como encontrar fatores associados a esta condicao. Trata-se de um estudo seccional estratificado por Centro, com partilha proporcional em funcao do ano de ingresso, do curso e do turno de estudo. A coleta de dados ocorreu no periodo no primeiro semestre de 2007, com a participacao de 1.503 estudantes. Foram investigadas questoes relativas a dados pessoais, caracterizacao socioeconomica, estilo de vida e saude, avaliacao nutricional e atividade fisica. Para mensurar nivel de atividade fisica utilizou-se a versao longa IPAQ. A prevalencia observada de baixo nivel de atividade fisica foi de 31,2%. Os estudantes com maior tempo de ingresso na universidade, os que estudam no periodo noturno e aqueles que passam menos tempo na universidade tiveram maior prevalencia de baixo nivel de atividade fisica. Tambem maior renda e classe social mostraram-se associados a maior prevalencia de baixa atividade fisica. Considerando os riscos do baixo nivel de atividade fisica para saude e a importância da fase universitaria como uma transicao da etapa adolescente para a vida adulta, faz-se necessario o incentivo a pratica de atividades fisicas na universidade como medida preventiva para doencas cronicas nao transmissiveis e para a melhoria da qualidade de vida na fase adulta e na velhice.

Seguranca alimentar, renda e Programa Bolsa Familia: estudo de coorte em municipios do interior da Paraiba, Brasil, 2005-2011

FUNDAMENTO: A hipertensao arterial pertence ao grupo de doencas cardiovasculares de maior mortalidade no mundo e pode se iniciar na infância. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalencia de niveis pressoricos elevados em criancas da rede publica de ensino e sua associacao com indicadores antropometricos. METODOS: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, composto por uma amostra aleatoria de 750 escolares, entre 6-9 anos de idade, da rede de ensino municipal de Joao Pessoa, Paraiba. Os dados foram coletados por uma equipe previamente treinada. A pressao foi aferida com tecnica auscultatoria com auxilio de estetoscopio e esfigmomanometro aneroide. Os dados antropometricos coletados foram as medidas do peso, da estatura e da circunferencia abdominal. Foram feitos testes de associacao qui-quadrado e t de Student para comparacoes de medias, ambos com nivel de significância de 5,0%. Foram construidos tres modelos de regressao logistica, relacionando nivel pressorico elevado com as variaveis antropometricas para encontrar um melhor modelo de predicao. RESULTADOS: A prevalencia de niveis pressoricos elevados foi de 13,6%. A variavel indice de massa corporal (IMC) apresentou associacao significativa com o aumento da pressao arterial (p < 0,0001) e a maior razao de chances (OR = 1,17). A elevacao dos niveis pressoricos tambem ocorreu com o aumento do peso (p < 0,0001) e da circunferencia abdominal (p < 0,0001). CONCLUSAO: A associacao do excesso de peso com a elevacao da pressao arterial identificada destaca a necessidade de intervencao e medidas de controle do estado nutricional, como educacao alimentar, para prevencao e tratamento da obesidade como fator de risco das doencas cardiovasculares na faixa etaria pediatrica e futura. (Arq Bras Cardiol 2010; 95(5): 629-634)

Saúde mental na atenção básica: um estudo epidemiológico baseado no enfoque de risco

The literature provides several statistical models to explain dengue incidence. However, there is disagreement as to the real contribution of models based on climate factors or models based on relative variables to combat the vector, because their variability fails to provide a satisfactory statistical explanation for the behavior of dengue incidence. Distributed lag models (DLM) posit that a variable response Y will be explained by the presence of a variable X at the same moment in time t and in the previous moments (t-1, ...). The current study presents the use of DLM in dengue modeling. Among the several models tested, two displayed apparently interesting results. A DLM using rainfall was not validated statistically. Another model using the number of counties (municipalities) with dengue presented valid and satisfactory results. This DLM was also feasible from the perspective of State Health Departments, allowing the development of a model with interesting statistical results and good accuracy, using a single data source.

[Food security, income, and the Bolsa Família program: a cohort study of municipalities in Paraíba State, Brazil, 2005-2011].

OBJECTIVE: Examine the feeding practices among children under 24 months in the State of Paraiba, Brazil. METHODS: A cross-sectional study conducted in 14 municipalities identified as the poorest of the state; 539 households composed of at least one child between the ages of 0 and 23.9 months were investigated. A 24-hour recall was conducted with the mothers regarding food consumed by their children. The analytic model took into account established recommendations for appropriate child feeding practices for three age groups: 0-5.9 months; 6-12 months; 12-24 months. RESULTS: Children between 0-5.9 months: there is a high percentage of weaning (20.7%) and low prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding (30.5 %); children from 6-11.9 months: 45.2% of children were still breastfeeding, but only 21.7% of children between 6 and 9.9 months showed a timely complementary feeding; children between 12-23.9 months: the prevalence of weaning was 64.2%. Feeding practices were characterized by high consumption of milk-based food and low consumption of food sources of iron. CONCLUSION: Child feeding practices in the population studied were far from the recommendations for each stratum, indicating a risk for the food and nutritional security of this population.

Modelo de suporte à decisão aplicado à identificação de indivíduos não aderentes ao tratamento anti-hipertensivo

This study aims to evaluate the impact of the conditional cash transfer program known as Bolsa Família in overcoming food insecurity. A cohort study was conducted in 2005 and 2011 in a sample of families in São José dos Ramos and Nova Floresta, Paraíba State, Brazil. In 2005, 609 households were interviewed, and in 2011 we located and re-interviewed 406 families. There had been an increase in food security and mild food insecurity and an improvement in socioeconomic indicators. A significant association was observed between higher income and improved food security. The program showed a positive impact by increasing income and providing improved levels of food security and mild food insecurity. Other socioeconomic variables may be contributing to this improvement. The fight against food insecurity and malnutrition thus requires additional policies and programs that act on other determinants.Este trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar o impacto do Programa Bolsa Familia na superacao da Inseguranca Alimentar. Realizou-se um estudo de coorte em 2005 e 2011, em amostra de familias residentes em Sao Jose dos Ramos e Nova Floresta, Paraiba, Brasil. Em 2005 foram avaliados 609 domicilios e em 2011 foram encontradas e entrevistadas 406 familias. Houve aumento da seguranca alimentar/inseguranca alimentar leve e melhoria nos indicadores socioeconomicos. Percebeu-se uma relacao significativa entre a elevacao da renda e a melhoria dos niveis de Inseguranca Alimentar. O programa impacta positivamente no aumento da renda, propiciando melhorias dos niveis de seguranca alimentar/inseguranca alimentar leve. Percebeu-se que outras variaveis socioeconomicas podem estar contribuindo na melhoria deste perfil. Diante disso, no combate a inseguranca alimentar e nutricional, sao necessarias outras politicas e programas que ajam nos demais determinantes.