João Emmanoel Fernandes Bezerra

Comportamento da pitangueira (Eugenia uniflora L) sob irrigação na região do vale do Rio Moxotó, Pernambuco

Surinam cherry crop is growing fastly in the Northeast region of Brazil due to its fruit uses by the industry in processing juice and pulp. However, one of the main problems of this crop is the lack of an apropriated cultivar adapted to such climate environments and irrigated conditions. This work was carried out aiming to study the performance of ten among 85 Surinam cherry accesses of IPAs germplasm collection cultivated under drip irrigation at the semi-arid region of Pernambuco State. The following characteristics were evaluated: growth, yield and fruit quality of plants originated from seedlings as well as from grafting. Surinam cherry trees have shown good adaptability to such environmental conditions, both in respect to plant growth characteristics as well as to yield and fruit quality. Accesses have shown great variability in relation to physical-chemical characteristics of fruits. Two promising materials were identified ¯ IPA-13.2 and IPA-1.1E, with better yielding and fruit quality characteristics.

Collecting, ex situ conservation and characterization of “cajá-umbu” (Spondias mombin×Spondias tuberosa) germplasm in Pernambuco State, Brazil

Abstract“Cajá-umbu” (Spondias mombin×Spondias tuberosa) is a native tropical Brazilian fruit tree with a great agro industrial potential. However the existing in situ and ex situ germplasm of this species is extremely restricted and vulnerable. This work aimed to collect, maintain characterize and evaluate 36 accesses of “Cajá-umbu” Germplasm Collection owned by Empresa Pernambucana de Pesquisa Agropecuária (IPA) located in the Northern Coastal Rain Forest region of the State of Pernambuco, Brazil. Plant growth, yield and fruit quality descriptors were evaluated, and data have shown variations on plant height, canopy and stem diameters, production and fruit weight. “Cajá-umbu” had shown good adaptation to both climate and soil conditions of Northern Coastal Rain Forest region, in Pernambuco, with some genotypes such, as IPA-8.3, IPA-6.2, IPA-8.2, IPA-1.3 and IPA-5.3 showing outstanding yield characteristics.

Competição de genótipos de goiabeira (Psidium guajava L.) na região do submédio São Francisco

The objective of this study was to discriminate and select guava genotypes to improve the crop production system in the Submiddle of San Francisco Valley. An experiment was carried out at the Bebedouro Experimental Sation that belongs to Embrapa Semiarid in Petrolina, State of Pernambuco, with five genotypes of guava: Paluma, Red Fleshed, Surubim, Red Selection of Florida and Ruby Supreme. A randomized block design was used as statistical model with five treataments, and five repetitions. The results, related to the first and the second fruit set prunings and two year of combined analyses for fruit yield, indicated that Surubim variety tended to higher yield and greater number of fruits among the five genotypes tested.

Propagação de genótipos de Pitangueira (Eugenia uniflora L.) pelo método de enxertia de garfagem no topo em fenda cheia

In a trial carried out at Itambe Experimental Station ¾ IPA, Pernambuco State, Brazil, ten Surinam cherry genotypes were cleft grafted on nine months old rootstocks in order to evaluate their grafting ability: IPA-1.1; IPA-1.3; IPA-2.2; IPA-3.1; IPA-3.2; IPA-4.3; IPA-7.3; IPA-11.3; IPA- 14.3 and IPA-15.1. Genotypes behaved differently in its grafting ability, in which the majority of them has shown good relationship between rootstock x grafts. Grafting percentages ranged from 81.5% to 53.5% for the highest uptaking ( IPA-7.3, IPA-2.2, IPA-11.3, IPA-4.3, IPA-3.1, IPA14.3, IPA-15.1 and IPA-3.2, respectively) and 20.0% to 38.5% for the lowest ones (IPA-1.1 and IPA-1.3, respectively).

Repetibilidade da produção, número e peso de fruto em cirigueleira (Spondias purpurea L.)

The repeatability allows estimating the number of evaluations or production cycles to select superior genotypes with higher efficiency and lower operating costs. This study estimated coefficient of repeatability of production, number and weight of fruit in 11 red mombin clones, to evaluate the possibility of performing individual phenotypic selection. Were analyzed average data of 5 seasons, from 3 plants per clone, propagated by cuttings. The coefficients were estimated by the methods of analysis of variance, principal components and structural analysis. The principal components method based on the variance and covariance matrices estimated the largest coefficients in all traits. Exception of the estimated coefficient for number of fruits, by the principal components method, all others reached values equal or smaller than 0.38. It is possible to perform individual phenotypic selection between red mombin clones based on the production and number of fruit per plant. The evaluations of 6, 4 and 8 harvests for production, number and weight of fruit allow to select clones with promising about 80% accuracy. The IPA-6 clone produced 17.62 kg of fruits for plant, outperforming other materials evaluated.

O sapotizeiro no Brasil

O sapotizeiro e uma especie frutifera com grande potencial para exploracao economica no Brasil, possuindo sistemas de producao definidos que podem auxiliar no desenvolvimento do seu cultivo. As pesquisas tem sido conduzidas com maior frequencia na Regiao Nordeste, onde tambem se encontram as principais areas produtoras. O presente trabalho consiste em uma coletânea atualizada sobre a cultura do sapoti no pais, contendo informacoes baseadas em trabalhos de pesquisa de instituicoes brasileiras e estrangeiras, bem como em observacoes nas regioes produtoras. As informacoes abrangem a cadeia produtiva do sapoti, envolvendo desde um breve historico ate a comercializacao, destacando-se temas como o manejo agronomico, recursos geneticos e melhoramento, colheita e pos-colheita.

Compostos antioxidantes em frutos de acessos de caramboleira em diferentes ambientes de Pernambuco

The star fruit pulp contains chemical compounds with antioxidant properties important to human health, against cellular aging and disease prevention. This study aimed to evaluate the fruit of Averrhoa carambola accessions regarding the concentrations of antioxidant compounds. It was analyzed the concentrations of ascorbic acid, total carotenoids, flavonoils, total phenolics and tannins in five star fruit accessions, grown in different edaphoclimatic conditions of the state of Pernambuco. The star fruit accessions differed significantly among themselves regarding the concentrations of ascorbic acid, total phenolics and tannins. The significance for the environment effects confirmed that the cultivation sites are heterogeneous in relation to the productive potential of fruits with different average concentrations of ascorbic acid, flavonoils, phenolic compounds and tannins. A significant interaction between genotypes and environments indicates that star fruit selections exhibit differential responses to ascorbic acid, flavonoils, total phenolics and tannins, when grown in different sites. The experimental Station IPA Itambes cultivation conditions and IPA-7.2, IPA-22.3 accessions showed the highest concentrations of ascorbic acid, total phenolics and tannins.