João Sarmento Pereira Neto

Effects of Short- and Long-Term Celecoxib on Orthodontic Tooth Movement

OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that short- and long-term celecoxib administration has no effect on orthodontic tooth movement. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats were submitted to short- (3 days) and long-term (14 days) celecoxib administration, while the respective control groups received equivolumetric saline intraperitoneal injections. The upper left first molars of all rats were moved mesially for 14 days by a fixed orthodontic appliance exerting 50 g force upon insertion. After the experimental period, tooth movement was quantified and tissues around the first molar were processed for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) histochemistry. The amount of tooth movement and the number of TRAP-positive cells on the alveolar bone surface were evaluated. RESULTS The amount of tooth movement was significantly reduced in rats submitted to short- and long-term celecoxib administration, while the number of osteoclasts on the alveolar bone did not differ between the four groups studied. CONCLUSIONS The hypothesis is rejected. Although celecoxib administration did not affect the number of osteoclasts, the osteoclast activity might be reduced, which could explain the inhibition of tooth movement observed in the celecoxib-treated animals. These results indicate that orthodontists should be aware of patients under short- and long-term therapy with celecoxib.

Craniofacial analysis of the Tweed Foundation in Angle Class II, division 1 malocclusion

This study has defined the cephalometric values of the Craniofacial Analysis of the Tweed Foundation for a sample of Brazilian subjects. The sample consisted of 211 cephalometric radiographs from subjects aged 12-15, which were divided into two groups: Class II group, with 168 lateral teleradiographs (cephalograms) of white Brazilian subjects, with Angle Class II, division 1 malocclusion, of both genders (82 males and 86 females); and the Control Group, with 43 lateral teleradiographs (cephalograms) of subjects whose occlusion was clinically excellent, and also of both genders (21 males and 22 females). The teleradiographs were selected from the files of the Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, State University of Campinas, previously to the orthodontic treatment. The results demonstrated no sexual dimorphism for each group, as attested by the Students t-test. The exploratory analysis (+/- 0.5 standard deviation) enabled the tolerance limits to be determined and a Craniofacial Analysis Table to be constructed using the respective cephalometric intervals. In addition, the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant according to the maxilla position. The maxilla was in a good position in relation to the cranial base. On the other hand, the mandible was retruded in relation to the cranial base in the Class II cases. The skeletal pattern was not defined because only the Facial Height Index (FHI) showed a vertical pattern in Class II subjects, while the Y Axis, SN.PlO, SN.GoMe and FMA values did not show any statistically significant difference between the groups. The Class II division 1 subjects showed lower incisors more labially tipped and a convex facial profile.

Cephalometric assessment of vertical control in the treatment of class II malocclusion with a combined maxillary splint

Vertical control is one of the primary objectives sought by orthodontists when treating malocclusions in hyperdivergent individuals. This investigation aimed at assessing vertical control, by cephalometric measurements, during the treatment of Angle Class II Division 1 malocclusion. Thirty cases, selected from the files of the São Leopoldo Mandic Dental Research Center, Brazil, of subjects with Angle Class II Division 1 malocclusion and facial hyperdivergence, were used in this study. The patients were treated using a combined extraoral appliance during a mean treatment time of 1.1 years. Pre- and posttreatment cephalometric measurements were compared to assess vertical control. The results were submitted to ANOVA (p = 5%). The ANOVA test revealed no statistically significant difference between the pretreatment and posttreatment values of OP (Occlusal plane angle) and SN.MP. While there was a decrease in Y-axis, FMA, and PP.MP, there was an increase in SN.PP, Co-Go, AFH, PFH, and FHI. It was concluded that the divergence in the facial lower third of the patients did not increase, suggesting that the combined extraoral appliance with the line of force application directed to the resistance center of the maxilla was effective in treating Angle Class II malocclusion in hyperdivergent subjects.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma diagnosed in orthodontic patients.

A detailed clinical examination is important for early diagnosis of oral lesions in every dental specialty, including orthodontics, particularly because these patients are constantly checked during orthodontic treatment. This report describes 2 men receiving orthodontic treatment and who had swelling on the hard palate diagnosed as mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Both patients received appropriate treatment and had a good prognosis because of the rapid recognition of these oral lesions by their orthodontists.

Comparison of cephalometric measurements from three radiological clinics

The orthodontic documentation carried out in radiological clinics is essential for diagnosis, planning and control of the orthodontic treatment. Amongst the diagnosis elements used are the cephalometric measurements, and errors can be incorporated as they are obtained. The objective of this work was to evaluate the values of some cephalometric measurements obtained in three radiological clinics using 30 lateral cephalometric radiographs of the head randomly chosen from the archives of the Department of Child Dentistry (Discipline of Orthodontics), School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, UNICAMP. These values were compared with the measurements obtained manually (control group) using variance analysis and Tukeys and Friedmans tests. Of the fourteen cephalometric measurements evaluated, the results demonstrated that only four of them presented statistically significant differences: IMPA, 1-NA, FMA, and H-nose. We concluded that although the majority of the mean cephalometric values did not present statistically significant differences, a great variability in the results was found when all the radiographic values were compared. This variability may influence the interpretation of the cephalometric measurements. Hence, we suggest that when the practitioner receives orthodontic documentation, he/she should redo the cephalometric analysis and compare the measurement values found with those presented to him. In addition, the practitioner should be prepared to use other elements for diagnosis, planning and control of the orthodontic treatment.

Atuação interdisciplinar odontologia/fonoaudiologia no tratamento de paciente com cárie precoce da infância

The integration of interdisciplinary dental and speech therapy can provide adequate treatment of dental and myofunctional alterations. In this case report, the dental treatment of three-year-old children with early childhood caries, premature loss of primary maxillary incisors due trauma, esthetic and functional rehabilitation and myofunctional therapy is presented. The dental care procedures included oral hygiene instructions, dietary recommendations and resin composite restorations of teeth 64, 84, 85, 74 and 75 (occlusal surface) and 51, 61, 52 and 62 (smooth surface) which were affected by dental caries. After one year of follow-up, teeth 51 and 61 were extracted (dental trauma history reported in first appointment), because the teeth presented extensive external reabsorption. Subsequently, esthetic and functional space maintainers were placed in the maxillary anterior region. Speech evaluation was performed using the MBGR protocol (orofacial myofunctional), in which the orofacial functions, mobility and muscular tone were analyzed. Scores were attributed to each item available in the protocol. Thus, the difficulty of lip and tongue movements were confirmed, in addition to reduced cheek tonus and alterations in speech. Myofunctional therapy was instituted for three months, once a week and this led to improvement in all aspects, with changes being confirmed by adequate scores obtained in application of the MBRG protocol. After dental treatment, clinical results satisfactory to both children and parents were observed. It was concluded that interdisciplinary approach involving dentistry and myofunctional therapy provided adequate treatment for oral conditions presented by children, providing oral health and favorable prognosis.

Efeitos do tratamento da Classe II divisão 1 em pacientes dolicofaciais tratados segundo a Terapia Bioprogressiva (AEB cervical e arco base inferior), com ênfase no controle vertical

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated vertical control and the effects of orthodontic treatment on dolichofacial patients, using cervical headgear (CHG) and lower utility arch. METHODS: Cephalometric assessment of 26 dolichofacial patients with Class II, division 1, and mean age of 114 months. Orthodontic treatment involved the use of cervical headgear (CHG) in the maxillary arch, lower utility arch in the mandibular arch until normal occlusion of the molars was obtained and finished in accordance with Bioprogressive therapy, with a mean duration of 56 months. The values of FMA, SN.GoGn, ANB, Fg-S, S-FPm, maxillary length, mandibular length, posterior facial height (PFH), anterior facial height (AFH), facial height index (FHI), occlusal plane angle (OPA), palatal plane angle (PPA), total chin (TC), upper lip (UL) and Z angle were evaluated. RESULTS: The results showed that treatment promoted stability of the mandibular, occlusal and palatal planes. Anteroposterior correction of the apical bases occurred, verified by the significant reduction in the variable ANB. The maxilla presented slight anterior displacement and increase in the anteroposterior dimension. The mandible presented improvement in its position in relation to the cranial base and its anteroposterior dimension increased significantly. The posterior and anterior facial heights remained in equilibrium, with no significant alteration in FHI. The tegumental profile presented significant improvement. CONCLUSION: The treatment performed produced correction of the apical basis with control of the horizontal planes and facial heights, and was effective for vertical control.

Análise da deflexão, do comprimento anterior e posterior da base do crânio, em indivíduos dolicofaciais, com má oclusão de Classe III esquelética

OBJETIVO: avaliar tres grandezas cefalometricas: S-N.S-Ar (ângulo sela), S-N e S-Ar, segundo a analise de Jarabak. METODOLOGIA: foram utilizadas telerradiografias cefalometricas em norma lateral de 12 individuos dolicofaciais com ma oclusao esqueletica de Classe III, sendo seis individuos do genero masculino e seis do genero feminino, com media de idade de 27,2 anos. Os resultados foram comparados com os intervalos considerados normais para cada grandeza. Para a analise estatistica foi utilizado o teste t de Student, com nivel de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSOES: embora os resultados nao apresentassem diferencas estaticamente significantes, mostraram uma tendencia de valores mais baixos que o intervalo considerado normal, para o ângulo sela e para S-N.