Joaquim Rubens Fontes Filho

Carreiras e cidades: existiria um melhor lugar para se fazer carreira?

The purpose of this study is to present and to discuss main changes in the conceptualization of career. Two different approaches are compared and contrasted: the traditional concept, based on the usual assumptions of tenure and security; and the modern view, according to which the assumption that the success, in a given career, is related to the personal trajectory, expanding itself to a more comprehensive meaning of a personal, family and professional satisfaction, as in Chanlat (1995), Martins (2001) and Hall (1996). According to the later approach, comes along the concept of protean career with learning, psychological success and the expansion of the self-identity features, regardless of profession or company that may be chosen. A research was conducted to identify and to order the cities where the dimensions of this career perspective appear with more strength. This research was based on statistical techniques methodology to define and test a set of indicators to express the local potentiality of the cities in Brazil, under the presented theory. As a result, one hundred cities were ranked according to the criterion of inclusion defined for the study.

Governança corporativa em empresas estatais: avanços, propostas e limitações

Despite the extensive process of privatization that has been undertaken in many countries during the 80s and 90s, the state-owned enterprises (SOEs) remain performing an important role in the implementation of public policies and in the offering of goods and services to the society. Meanwhile, their institutional nature and control structure make it complex to define their operational objectives, to assess their performance and even to manage them, as their work depends on the guidance of their direct controller, the State, but also on the diffuse interests of their indirect controller, the society, plus the expectations of the private investors in public listed SOEs. In this context, this article analyzes the guidelines for the corporate governance of SOEs, proposed by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in 2005, which establishes references for the relationship between the State, board members, managers, investors and other stakeholders in the SOEs. The article discusses the adequacy of those guidelines for Brazilian SOEs and investigate their potential impact on the States capacity to monitor and control its companies.

Influência das configurações organizacionais sobre valores no trabalho e preferências por recompensa

This paper presents results of an exploratory research that aimed at exploring employees´ similarities and differences in work-related values in public, private and hybrid organizations in Brazil. Ninety-eight questionnaires were considered from employees (managerial and non-managerial level) of nineteen organizations of the three groups (public, private and hybrid). Drawing on Wittmer (1991) and Tamayo & Gondim (1996), the research privileged items related to for categories of workrelated values: i) efficacy/efficiency; ii) management system; iii) respect towards employees, and iv) reward preferences. Analytical procedures consisted of distribution comparisons using one-way analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test. Except for two items related to management system (hierarchy and professionalism), no significant differences could be found among the three groups (at a 5% confidence level). Results relating to reward preferences were significantly different from Wittmer´s (1991) findings in the American context.

GOVERNANÇA E PARTICIPAÇÃO NO CONTEXTO DAS COOPERATIVAS DE CRÉDITO

Este artigo explora os referenciais da teoria da agencia e teoria do stewardship, caracterizados por diferentes premissas sobre a natureza humana e motivacao dos gestores, com o objetivo de investigar a contribuicao dessas teorias na formulacao de modelos de governanca para cooperativas de credito. Ao atuarem em bases colaborativas em um ambiente competitivo, as cooperativas de credito exibem tanto particularidades quanto possibilidades nao exploradas nos modelos tradicionais de governanca corporativa, por trazerem consideracoes valorativas que sustentam seu modelo de negocio. A partir de uma revisao do referencial teorico da governanca corporativa, da analise da atuacao das cooperativas de credito no pais, e de entrevistas em profundidade com gestores de organizacoes desse segmento, esta analise exploratoria indicou que uma associacao das duas teorias pode vir a proporcionar melhor efetividade para tratar as questoes de governanca das cooperativas de credito, trazendo novas possibilidades tambem a organizacoes atuando em contextos semelhantes.

Mecanismos de control en la gobernanza corporativa de las empresas estatales: una comparación entre Brasil y Portugal

This study aims to identify how external and internal control mechanisms of corporate governance, typically used in the private business sector, are applied or transformed for the public sector in state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Based on a review of the agency problem and the mechanisms proposed for its mitigation in the business context, the study analyzes the governance situation of SOEs in Brazil and Portugal, with a view to comparing the solutions adopted in the two countries and the needs for development. In addition to sharing common history and cultural foundations, these countries are characterized by a low investor security environment and fragility of dispute settlement mechanisms; by concentrated ownership structures; and by capital markets still insufficient to pressure corporate behavior, conditions which weaken the market mechanisms of external control and amplify the influence of the peculiarities of SOEs’ internal governance issues. The analyses point to significant recent advances in SOEs’ governance practices, but identify challenges yet to be addressed.This study aims to identify how external and internal control mechanisms of corporate governance, typically used in the private business sector, are applied or transformed for the public sector in state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Based on a review of the agency problem and the mechanisms proposed for its mitigation in the business context, the study analyzes the governance situation of SOEs in Brazil and Portugal, with a view to comparing the solutions adopted in the two countries and the needs for development. In addition to sharing common history and cultural foundations, these countries are characterized by a low investor security environment and fragility of dispute settlement mechanisms; by concentrated ownership structures; and by capital markets still insufficient to pressure corporate behavior, conditions which weaken the market mechanisms of external control and amplify the influence of the peculiarities of SOEs’ internal governance issues. The analyses point to significant recent advances in SOEs’ governance practices, but identify challenges yet to be addressed.

Control mechanisms in the corporate governance of state-owned enterprises (SOEs): a comparison between Brazil and Portugal

This study aims to identify how external and internal control mechanisms of corporate governance, typically used in the private business sector, are applied or transformed for the public sector in state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Based on a review of the agency problem and the mechanisms proposed for its mitigation in the business context, the study analyzes the governance situation of SOEs in Brazil and Portugal, with a view to comparing the solutions adopted in the two countries and the needs for development. In addition to sharing common history and cultural foundations, these countries are characterized by a low investor security environment and fragility of dispute settlement mechanisms; by concentrated ownership structures; and by capital markets still insufficient to pressure corporate behavior, conditions which weaken the market mechanisms of external control and amplify the influence of the peculiarities of SOEs’ internal governance issues. The analyses point to significant recent advances in SOEs’ governance practices, but identify challenges yet to be addressed.This study aims to identify how external and internal control mechanisms of corporate governance, typically used in the private business sector, are applied or transformed for the public sector in state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Based on a review of the agency problem and the mechanisms proposed for its mitigation in the business context, the study analyzes the governance situation of SOEs in Brazil and Portugal, with a view to comparing the solutions adopted in the two countries and the needs for development. In addition to sharing common history and cultural foundations, these countries are characterized by a low investor security environment and fragility of dispute settlement mechanisms; by concentrated ownership structures; and by capital markets still insufficient to pressure corporate behavior, conditions which weaken the market mechanisms of external control and amplify the influence of the peculiarities of SOEs’ internal governance issues. The analyses point to significant recent advances in SOEs’ governance practices, but identify challenges yet to be addressed.

Mecanismos de controle na governança corporativa das empresas estatais: uma comparação entre Brasil e Portugal

This study aims to identify how external and internal control mechanisms of corporate governance, typically used in the private business sector, are applied or transformed for the public sector in state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Based on a review of the agency problem and the mechanisms proposed for its mitigation in the business context, the study analyzes the governance situation of SOEs in Brazil and Portugal, with a view to comparing the solutions adopted in the two countries and the needs for development. In addition to sharing common history and cultural foundations, these countries are characterized by a low investor security environment and fragility of dispute settlement mechanisms; by concentrated ownership structures; and by capital markets still insufficient to pressure corporate behavior, conditions which weaken the market mechanisms of external control and amplify the influence of the peculiarities of SOEs’ internal governance issues. The analyses point to significant recent advances in SOEs’ governance practices, but identify challenges yet to be addressed.This study aims to identify how external and internal control mechanisms of corporate governance, typically used in the private business sector, are applied or transformed for the public sector in state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Based on a review of the agency problem and the mechanisms proposed for its mitigation in the business context, the study analyzes the governance situation of SOEs in Brazil and Portugal, with a view to comparing the solutions adopted in the two countries and the needs for development. In addition to sharing common history and cultural foundations, these countries are characterized by a low investor security environment and fragility of dispute settlement mechanisms; by concentrated ownership structures; and by capital markets still insufficient to pressure corporate behavior, conditions which weaken the market mechanisms of external control and amplify the influence of the peculiarities of SOEs’ internal governance issues. The analyses point to significant recent advances in SOEs’ governance practices, but identify challenges yet to be addressed.

Strategic alignment drivers: preliminary comparisons on value between private corporations and state-owned enterprises in Brazil

O artigo trata da comparacao da eficiencia entre empresas privadas e estatais, discutindo diferencas dos procedimentos de alinhamento estrategico e criacao de valor utilizados, e apresentando evidencias sobre os “tipos” de alinhamento estrategico e os “modos” de criacao de valor utilizados. O estudo utiliza informacoes de survey aplicado anteriormente a amostra de 95 organizacoes brasileiras, estratificadas segundo a origem do capital em privadas ou estatais. Foram testadas hipoteses sobre diferencas de medias nos vetores de alinhamento estrategico, percentuais distintos no tocante a padroes de originacao de valor e comportamento das componentes do valor total. Os testes apresentaram, de forma recorrente, diferencas de medias em favor das empresas privadas, segundo intervalo de confianca superior a 85%, nivel considerado adequado a um estudo de natureza exploratoria. No tocante a originacao de valor, foi constatada performance superior das empresas de capital privado em todas as dimensoes/ perspectivas. Considerando a relevância economica e social das empresas estatais no pais, os resultados do estudo podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento de novas perspectivas de analise do desempenho das organizacoes gerenciadas pelo Estado, levando a mecanismos de acompanhamento mais alinhados aos desafios de gestao dessas organizacoes.

Inductores de aliñamiento estratégico: comparaciones entre empresas del estado y empresas privadas en Brasil

O artigo trata da comparacao da eficiencia entre empresas privadas e estatais, discutindo diferencas dos procedimentos de alinhamento estrategico e criacao de valor utilizados, e apresentando evidencias sobre os “tipos” de alinhamento estrategico e os “modos” de criacao de valor utilizados. O estudo utiliza informacoes de survey aplicado anteriormente a amostra de 95 organizacoes brasileiras, estratificadas segundo a origem do capital em privadas ou estatais. Foram testadas hipoteses sobre diferencas de medias nos vetores de alinhamento estrategico, percentuais distintos no tocante a padroes de originacao de valor e comportamento das componentes do valor total. Os testes apresentaram, de forma recorrente, diferencas de medias em favor das empresas privadas, segundo intervalo de confianca superior a 85%, nivel considerado adequado a um estudo de natureza exploratoria. No tocante a originacao de valor, foi constatada performance superior das empresas de capital privado em todas as dimensoes/ perspectivas. Considerando a relevância economica e social das empresas estatais no pais, os resultados do estudo podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento de novas perspectivas de analise do desempenho das organizacoes gerenciadas pelo Estado, levando a mecanismos de acompanhamento mais alinhados aos desafios de gestao dessas organizacoes.

Indutores de alinhamento estratégico: comparações preliminares sobre valor entre empresas de capital privado e empresas estatais no Brasil

O artigo trata da comparacao da eficiencia entre empresas privadas e estatais, discutindo diferencas dos procedimentos de alinhamento estrategico e criacao de valor utilizados, e apresentando evidencias sobre os “tipos” de alinhamento estrategico e os “modos” de criacao de valor utilizados. O estudo utiliza informacoes de survey aplicado anteriormente a amostra de 95 organizacoes brasileiras, estratificadas segundo a origem do capital em privadas ou estatais. Foram testadas hipoteses sobre diferencas de medias nos vetores de alinhamento estrategico, percentuais distintos no tocante a padroes de originacao de valor e comportamento das componentes do valor total. Os testes apresentaram, de forma recorrente, diferencas de medias em favor das empresas privadas, segundo intervalo de confianca superior a 85%, nivel considerado adequado a um estudo de natureza exploratoria. No tocante a originacao de valor, foi constatada performance superior das empresas de capital privado em todas as dimensoes/ perspectivas. Considerando a relevância economica e social das empresas estatais no pais, os resultados do estudo podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento de novas perspectivas de analise do desempenho das organizacoes gerenciadas pelo Estado, levando a mecanismos de acompanhamento mais alinhados aos desafios de gestao dessas organizacoes.