Joel Silva dos Santos

Análise da Variação Microclimática em Diferentes Níveis de Fragmentação (Analysis of Microclimate Variation at Different Levels of Fragmentation)

A fragmentacao da vegetacao inserida no ambiente urbano, decorrente da ocupacao desordenada do solo, gera transformacoes significativas na dinâmica dos fatores termodinâmicos. Este trabalho analisa o sistema microclimatico urbano, subsistema termodinâmico da Universidade Federal da Paraiba, em diferentes niveis de fragmentacao. Foram realizadas coletas de dados de temperatura e umidade relativa do ar, em tres pontos com diferentes fragmentacoes, durante os periodos: chuvoso (marco a agosto) e seco (setembro a fevereiro). Tambem foi avaliado o nivel de estresse termico e foi efetuada a classificacao dos tipos de cobertura de solo em cada ponto monitorado, resultando em nove classes, de acordo com a percentagem da presenca de vegetacao, de materiais permeaveis e de materiais impermeaveis, tendo sido utilizados metodos quantitativos e qualitativos. Os resultados demonstraram que os diferentes niveis de fragmentacao da Mata Atlântica, no espaco urbano da UFPB, tem alterado o campo termico, e consequentemente alterado tambem o conforto termico desse espaco. A B S T R A C T The fragmentation of vegetation inserted in the urban environment, resulting from the disorderly occupation of soil, generates significant transformation in the dynamics of the thermodynamic factors. This paper analyzes the urban microclimate system, thermodynamic subsystem at the Federal University of Paraiba, in different levels of fragmentation. Temperature data collection and relative humidity were held at three points with different fragmentation during periods: rainy (March to August) and dry (September to February). It also assessed the level of thermal stress and it was performed the classification of the soil cover types at each point monitored, resulting in nine classes, according to the percentage of the presence of vegetation, for permeable materials and impervious materials, having been used quantitative and qualitative methods. The results demonstrated that the different levels of fragmentation of the Atlantic Forest, in the urban space from UFPB, have changed the thermal field, and consequently also changed the thermal comfort of this space. Keywords: Microclimate, fragmentation levels, UFPB

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY: A STUDY OF CASES MULTIPLE ON SECTOR HOTEL BY JOÃO PESSOA/PB.

This article seeks to identify the various environmental management practices adopted by some of the hotel chain hotels in Joao Pessoa, PB. The paper discusses the importance of the adoption of Environmental Management System for the materialization of environmental sustainability in this segment. The research also aims check the main environmental impacts generated by the hotels investigated, as well as, social and environmental profiling of the same, with respect to the use of natural resources and environmental sustainability. For the research, was originally done a bibliographic about the topic in question, followed by a documentary research bodies in to verify compliance with environmental legislation by the companies investigated. It was also carried out a questionnaire theme and technical visit in order to certify the survey information. Thus, it was found that the hotel sector of the city of Joao Pessoa, still lacks environmental management practices that enable the sustainable use of various natural resources.

Análise das Condições do Campo Térmico em Ambiente Urbano: Estudo de Caso em Campus Universitário (Analysis of Conditions of Thermal Comfort in Urban Environment: a Case Study in University Campus)

O estudo do clima urbano, especificamente do comportamento do seu campo termico, constitui-se em um dos grandes problemas socioambientais para as populacoes residentes nessas areas. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho analisa os efeitos dos diferentes tipos de cobertura de solo nas condicoes do campo termico do Campus I da Universidade Federal da Paraiba, localizado na cidade de Joao Pessoa, PB. As medicoes da temperatura do ar e umidade relativa foram realizadas em dois periodos distintos (seco e chuvoso), utilizando-se data logger Hobos em seis pontos representativos da area de estudo. O Indice de Thom foi utilizado para analisar o nivel de conforto termico nas escalas diaria e horaria e o tipo de cobertura de solo de cada ponto analisado foi definido considerando oito classes, de acordo com a percentagem de vegetacao e de materiais permeaveis e impermeaveis existentes no entorno do ponto. Os resultados do trabalho permitiram caracterizar o micro clima local e identificar alteracoes no ambiente provocadas pelo adensamento de construcoes, alem de fornecerem dados para fazer sugestoes no sentido de minimizar esses efeitos atraves da manutencao da arborizacao remanescente da Mata Atlântica. As analises quantitativas e qualitativas dos dados revelaram diferentes condicoes micro climaticas na area de estudo que foram modificadas substancialmente em funcao da cobertura do solo. As areas com alta concentracao de materiais impermeaveis mostraram nivel de desconforto termico bastante elevado no periodo de maior demanda atmosferica, que ocorre entre 11 e 15h. Palavras-chave: Clima urbano, Campo termico, Indice de Desconforto de Thom Analysis of Conditions of Thermal Comfort in Urban Environment: a Case Study in University Campus ABSTRACT The study of urban climate, specifically the behavior of their thermal field, it constitutes one of the great social and environmental problems for people living in these areas. In this way, the present study analyzes the effects of different types of ground cover in the thermal field of the Federal University of Paraiba, Campus I which is located in the city of Joao Pessoa, PB. The measurements of air temperature and relative humidity were carried out in two distinct periods (dry and wet seasons), using data logger Hobos in 6 representative points through study area. Thom’s discomfort index was used to analyze the thermal comfort level in daily values into one - hour time scale through University campus. The types of ground cover for each analyzed point were classified into 8 classes according to percentage cover in vegetation and permeable and impermeable materials. The results allowed to characterize the local microclimate, as well as identify environment changes provided by urban crowding, and to suggest actions to reduction of these effects by maintaining Atlantic forest biodiversity. The quantitative and qualitative data analysis showed that the different microclimatic conditions at experimental area were substantially due to soil cover changes. The areas with high concentration level in waterproof materials showed high level of thermal discomfort just in the period with highest atmospheric demand which it occurs from 11 to 15h. Keywords: Urban climate, thermal comfort, Thom’s index